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Auteur Francesca HAPPE |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (78)
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Neural self-representation in autistic women and association with 'compensatory camouflaging' / Meng-Chuan LAI in Autism, 23-5 (July 2019)
[article]
Titre : Neural self-representation in autistic women and association with 'compensatory camouflaging' Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; M. V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; A. N. RUIGROK, Auteur ; Edward T. BULLMORE, Auteur ; J. SUCKLING, Auteur ; Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; P. SZATMARI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1210-1223 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adult autism camouflaging compensation functional magnetic resonance imaging gender heterogeneity mentalizing self sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prior work has revealed sex/gender-dependent autistic characteristics across behavioural and neural/biological domains. It remains unclear whether and how neural sex/gender differences are related to behavioural sex/gender differences in autism. Here, we examined whether atypical neural responses during mentalizing and self-representation are sex/gender-dependent in autistic adults and explored whether 'camouflaging' (acting as if behaviourally neurotypical) is associated with sex/gender-dependent neural responses. In total, N = 119 adults (33 typically developing males, 29 autistic males, 29 typically developing females and 28 autistic females) participated in a task-related functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm to assess neural activation within right temporo-parietal junction and ventromedial prefrontal cortex during mentalizing and self-representation. Camouflaging in autism was quantified as the discrepancy between extrinsic behaviour in social-interpersonal contexts and intrinsic status. While autistic men showed hypoactive right temporo-parietal junction mentalizing and ventromedial prefrontal cortex self-representation responses compared to typically developing men, such neural responses in autistic women were not different from typically developing women. In autistic women only, increasing camouflaging was associated with heightened ventromedial prefrontal cortex self-representation response. There is a lack of impaired neural self-representation and mentalizing in autistic women compared to typically developing women. Camouflaging is heightened in autistic women and may relate to neural self-representation response. These results reveal brain-behaviour relations that help explain sex/gender-heterogeneity in social brain function in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361318807159 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401
in Autism > 23-5 (July 2019) . - p.1210-1223[article] Neural self-representation in autistic women and association with 'compensatory camouflaging' [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; M. V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; A. N. RUIGROK, Auteur ; Edward T. BULLMORE, Auteur ; J. SUCKLING, Auteur ; Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; P. SZATMARI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - p.1210-1223.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 23-5 (July 2019) . - p.1210-1223
Mots-clés : adult autism camouflaging compensation functional magnetic resonance imaging gender heterogeneity mentalizing self sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prior work has revealed sex/gender-dependent autistic characteristics across behavioural and neural/biological domains. It remains unclear whether and how neural sex/gender differences are related to behavioural sex/gender differences in autism. Here, we examined whether atypical neural responses during mentalizing and self-representation are sex/gender-dependent in autistic adults and explored whether 'camouflaging' (acting as if behaviourally neurotypical) is associated with sex/gender-dependent neural responses. In total, N = 119 adults (33 typically developing males, 29 autistic males, 29 typically developing females and 28 autistic females) participated in a task-related functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm to assess neural activation within right temporo-parietal junction and ventromedial prefrontal cortex during mentalizing and self-representation. Camouflaging in autism was quantified as the discrepancy between extrinsic behaviour in social-interpersonal contexts and intrinsic status. While autistic men showed hypoactive right temporo-parietal junction mentalizing and ventromedial prefrontal cortex self-representation responses compared to typically developing men, such neural responses in autistic women were not different from typically developing women. In autistic women only, increasing camouflaging was associated with heightened ventromedial prefrontal cortex self-representation response. There is a lack of impaired neural self-representation and mentalizing in autistic women compared to typically developing women. Camouflaging is heightened in autistic women and may relate to neural self-representation response. These results reveal brain-behaviour relations that help explain sex/gender-heterogeneity in social brain function in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361318807159 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401 A new test of advanced theory of mind: The “Strange Stories Film Task” captures social processing differences in adults with autism spectrum disorders / Kim MURRAY in Autism Research, 10-6 (June 2017)
[article]
Titre : A new test of advanced theory of mind: The “Strange Stories Film Task” captures social processing differences in adults with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kim MURRAY, Auteur ; Kate JOHNSTON, Auteur ; Helen CUNNANE, Auteur ; Charlotte KERR, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; Neil HAMMOND, Auteur ; Declan MURPHY, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1120-1132 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder adults advanced theory of mind social cognition empathy mentalising alexithymia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Real-life social processing abilities of adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can be hard to capture in lab-based experimental tasks. A novel measure of social cognition, the “Strange Stories Film task’ (SSFt), was designed to overcome limitations of available measures in the field. Brief films were made based on the scenarios from the Strange Stories task (Happé) and designed to capture the subtle social-cognitive difficulties observed in ASD adults. Twenty neurotypical adults were recruited to pilot the new measure. A final test set was produced and administered to a group of 20 adults with ASD and 20 matched controls, alongside established social cognition tasks and questionnaire measures of empathy, alexithymia and ASD traits. The SSFt was more effective than existing measures at differentiating the ASD group from the control group. In the ASD group, the SSFt was associated with the Strange Stories task. The SSFt is a potentially useful tool to identify social cognitive dis/abilities in ASD, with preliminary evidence of adequate convergent validity. Future research directions are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1744 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=309
in Autism Research > 10-6 (June 2017) . - p.1120-1132[article] A new test of advanced theory of mind: The “Strange Stories Film Task” captures social processing differences in adults with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kim MURRAY, Auteur ; Kate JOHNSTON, Auteur ; Helen CUNNANE, Auteur ; Charlotte KERR, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; Neil HAMMOND, Auteur ; Declan MURPHY, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - p.1120-1132.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 10-6 (June 2017) . - p.1120-1132
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder adults advanced theory of mind social cognition empathy mentalising alexithymia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Real-life social processing abilities of adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can be hard to capture in lab-based experimental tasks. A novel measure of social cognition, the “Strange Stories Film task’ (SSFt), was designed to overcome limitations of available measures in the field. Brief films were made based on the scenarios from the Strange Stories task (Happé) and designed to capture the subtle social-cognitive difficulties observed in ASD adults. Twenty neurotypical adults were recruited to pilot the new measure. A final test set was produced and administered to a group of 20 adults with ASD and 20 matched controls, alongside established social cognition tasks and questionnaire measures of empathy, alexithymia and ASD traits. The SSFt was more effective than existing measures at differentiating the ASD group from the control group. In the ASD group, the SSFt was associated with the Strange Stories task. The SSFt is a potentially useful tool to identify social cognitive dis/abilities in ASD, with preliminary evidence of adequate convergent validity. Future research directions are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1744 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=309 No evidence for a fundamental visual motion processing deficit in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders / Catherine R. G. JONES in Autism Research, 4-5 (October 2011)
[article]
Titre : No evidence for a fundamental visual motion processing deficit in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine R. G. JONES, Auteur ; John SWETTENHAM, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Anita J.S. MARSDEN, Auteur ; Jenifer TREGAY, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.347-357 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : motion coherence form-from-motion biological motion point light display mentalizing theory of mind autism spectrum disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been suggested that atypicalities in low-level visual processing contribute to the expression and development of the unusual cognitive and behavioral profile seen in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, previous investigations have yielded mixed results. In the largest study of its kind (ASD n = 89; non-ASD = 52; mean age 15 years 6 months) and testing across the spectrum of IQ (range 52–133), we investigated performance on three measures of basic visual processing: motion coherence, form-from-motion and biological motion (BM). At the group level, we found no evidence of differences between the two groups on any of the tasks, suggesting that there is no fundamental visual motion processing deficit in individuals with an ASD, at least by adolescence. However, we identified a tail of individuals with ASD (18% of the sample) who had exceptionally poor BM processing abilities compared to the non-ASD group, and who were characterized by low IQ. For the entire sample of those both with and without ASD, performance on the BM task uniquely correlated with performance on the Frith–Happé animations, a higher-level task that demands the interpretation of moving, interacting agents in order to understand mental states. We hypothesize that this association reflects the shared social–cognitive characteristics of the two tasks, which have a common neural underpinning in the superior temporal sulcus. Autism Res2011,4:347–357. © 2011 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.209 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=145
in Autism Research > 4-5 (October 2011) . - p.347-357[article] No evidence for a fundamental visual motion processing deficit in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine R. G. JONES, Auteur ; John SWETTENHAM, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Anita J.S. MARSDEN, Auteur ; Jenifer TREGAY, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.347-357.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 4-5 (October 2011) . - p.347-357
Mots-clés : motion coherence form-from-motion biological motion point light display mentalizing theory of mind autism spectrum disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been suggested that atypicalities in low-level visual processing contribute to the expression and development of the unusual cognitive and behavioral profile seen in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, previous investigations have yielded mixed results. In the largest study of its kind (ASD n = 89; non-ASD = 52; mean age 15 years 6 months) and testing across the spectrum of IQ (range 52–133), we investigated performance on three measures of basic visual processing: motion coherence, form-from-motion and biological motion (BM). At the group level, we found no evidence of differences between the two groups on any of the tasks, suggesting that there is no fundamental visual motion processing deficit in individuals with an ASD, at least by adolescence. However, we identified a tail of individuals with ASD (18% of the sample) who had exceptionally poor BM processing abilities compared to the non-ASD group, and who were characterized by low IQ. For the entire sample of those both with and without ASD, performance on the BM task uniquely correlated with performance on the Frith–Happé animations, a higher-level task that demands the interpretation of moving, interacting agents in order to understand mental states. We hypothesize that this association reflects the shared social–cognitive characteristics of the two tasks, which have a common neural underpinning in the superior temporal sulcus. Autism Res2011,4:347–357. © 2011 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.209 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=145 No major effect of twinning on autistic traits / Sarah CURRAN in Autism Research, 4-5 (October 2011)
[article]
Titre : No major effect of twinning on autistic traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah CURRAN, Auteur ; Katharina DWORZYNSKI, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Carol BRAYNE, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.377-382 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : clinical psychiatry developmental psychology diagnosis epidemiology social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: It has been questioned whether the process of twinning might be a risk factor for autism spectrum conditions (ASC) and autistic traits. Aim: We sought to determine whether autistic traits and probable disorder, as measured by the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST), were more pronounced in twins compared to singletons. Samples: Data were analyzed from two large population-based samples of UK children, twins (n = 5,142 twin pairs, aged 8 years) and singletons (n = 2,805, aged 5–9 years). Results: Distributions of CAST scores in both groups were negatively skewed and scores for twins were more variable than singletons. Mean CAST total scores and standard errors (SE) were not significantly different for twins (5.1; SE 0.04) compared to singletons (4.9; SE 0.08). Moreover, contrary to expectations, the likelihood of scoring above the threshold for possible ASC was significantly lower in the twins than the singletons (OR = 0.69; P = 0.002). Subsidiary analyses of CAST scores according to sex, twin type, and subscale scores representing the subdomains of autism found a few significant differences (P<0.01), but the effect sizes for these differences were small and none exceeded η2 = 0.005. The explanation for these small differences remains obscure, but the very small effect sizes mean they are of little importance. Conclusions: Our results do not provide evidence to support twinning as a risk factor in the development of autistic traits. Autism Res2011,4:377–382. © 2011 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.207 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=145
in Autism Research > 4-5 (October 2011) . - p.377-382[article] No major effect of twinning on autistic traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah CURRAN, Auteur ; Katharina DWORZYNSKI, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Carol BRAYNE, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.377-382.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 4-5 (October 2011) . - p.377-382
Mots-clés : clinical psychiatry developmental psychology diagnosis epidemiology social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: It has been questioned whether the process of twinning might be a risk factor for autism spectrum conditions (ASC) and autistic traits. Aim: We sought to determine whether autistic traits and probable disorder, as measured by the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST), were more pronounced in twins compared to singletons. Samples: Data were analyzed from two large population-based samples of UK children, twins (n = 5,142 twin pairs, aged 8 years) and singletons (n = 2,805, aged 5–9 years). Results: Distributions of CAST scores in both groups were negatively skewed and scores for twins were more variable than singletons. Mean CAST total scores and standard errors (SE) were not significantly different for twins (5.1; SE 0.04) compared to singletons (4.9; SE 0.08). Moreover, contrary to expectations, the likelihood of scoring above the threshold for possible ASC was significantly lower in the twins than the singletons (OR = 0.69; P = 0.002). Subsidiary analyses of CAST scores according to sex, twin type, and subscale scores representing the subdomains of autism found a few significant differences (P<0.01), but the effect sizes for these differences were small and none exceeded η2 = 0.005. The explanation for these small differences remains obscure, but the very small effect sizes mean they are of little importance. Conclusions: Our results do not provide evidence to support twinning as a risk factor in the development of autistic traits. Autism Res2011,4:377–382. © 2011 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.207 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=145 Normative data and psychometric properties of a farsi translation of the strange stories test / Zahra SHAHRIVAR in Autism Research, 10-12 (December 2017)
[article]
Titre : Normative data and psychometric properties of a farsi translation of the strange stories test Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Zahra SHAHRIVAR, Auteur ; Mehdi TEHRANI-DOOST, Auteur ; Anahita KHORRAMI BANARAKI, Auteur ; Azar MOHAMMADZADEH, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1960-1967 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : strange stories theory of mind reliability validity children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background and objective The Strange Stories test is one of the most commonly used tests to evaluate advanced “theory of mind,” i.e. attribution of mental states. Normative data and psychometric properties of a new Farsi translation of this test were evaluated in a large community-based sample of Iranian school-aged children. Methods: Through randomized cluster sampling, 398 children aged 9–11 years studying at 20 elementary schools were recruited from 4 central regions of Tehran, Iran. The mean age of the students was 9.96 years (SD?=?0.92), and 51% were girls (n?=?202). The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was completed by parents. The Strange Stories test was completed by all children and repeated for 20% of them after 2–4 weeks to assess the test-retest reliability. Findings: Students in upper grades had higher scores (P?.01); age predicted 2% of variance on the mental state score. Girls had significantly higher mentalizing scores than boys (P?=?.003). The split-half internal reliability coefficient was good (0.73). The test-retest reliability was fair to good. Item-scale score correlations were all significant (P?.01). Conclusion: This new translation of the Strange Stories test is a reliable and valid instrument to evaluate higher level theory of mind abilities in community samples of Farsi speaking children. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1960–1967. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary “Mentalizing” or “theory of mind,” the ability to recognize others' mental states, is a key aspect of social understanding. Mentalizing problems are characteristic of some clinical conditions such as autism. The Strange Stories is a test evaluating mentalizing in every day social situations. It was translated into Farsi language and administered to a group of Iranian school-aged children. The instrument was useful in assessing children's mind reading. Older children and girls were better in mentalizing ability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1844 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=323
in Autism Research > 10-12 (December 2017) . - p.1960-1967[article] Normative data and psychometric properties of a farsi translation of the strange stories test [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Zahra SHAHRIVAR, Auteur ; Mehdi TEHRANI-DOOST, Auteur ; Anahita KHORRAMI BANARAKI, Auteur ; Azar MOHAMMADZADEH, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - p.1960-1967.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 10-12 (December 2017) . - p.1960-1967
Mots-clés : strange stories theory of mind reliability validity children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background and objective The Strange Stories test is one of the most commonly used tests to evaluate advanced “theory of mind,” i.e. attribution of mental states. Normative data and psychometric properties of a new Farsi translation of this test were evaluated in a large community-based sample of Iranian school-aged children. Methods: Through randomized cluster sampling, 398 children aged 9–11 years studying at 20 elementary schools were recruited from 4 central regions of Tehran, Iran. The mean age of the students was 9.96 years (SD?=?0.92), and 51% were girls (n?=?202). The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was completed by parents. The Strange Stories test was completed by all children and repeated for 20% of them after 2–4 weeks to assess the test-retest reliability. Findings: Students in upper grades had higher scores (P?.01); age predicted 2% of variance on the mental state score. Girls had significantly higher mentalizing scores than boys (P?=?.003). The split-half internal reliability coefficient was good (0.73). The test-retest reliability was fair to good. Item-scale score correlations were all significant (P?.01). Conclusion: This new translation of the Strange Stories test is a reliable and valid instrument to evaluate higher level theory of mind abilities in community samples of Farsi speaking children. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1960–1967. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary “Mentalizing” or “theory of mind,” the ability to recognize others' mental states, is a key aspect of social understanding. Mentalizing problems are characteristic of some clinical conditions such as autism. The Strange Stories is a test evaluating mentalizing in every day social situations. It was translated into Farsi language and administered to a group of Iranian school-aged children. The instrument was useful in assessing children's mind reading. Older children and girls were better in mentalizing ability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1844 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=323 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Adults with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: What Does Self-Report with the OCI-R Tell Us? / Tim CADMAN in Autism Research, 8-5 (October 2015)
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