Advancing paternal age and offspring violent offending: A sibling-comparison study / Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA in Development and Psychopathology, 24-3 (August 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Development and Psychopathology > 24-3 (August 2012) . - p.739-53 Titre : Advancing paternal age and offspring violent offending: A sibling-comparison study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Yudi PAWITAN, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Niklas LANGSTROM, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.739-53 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : FRATRIE MALTRAITANCE RELATION PERE-ENFANT Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children born to older fathers are at higher risk to develop severe psychopathology (e.g., schizophrenia and bipolar disorder), possibly because of increased de novo mutations during spermatogenesis with older paternal age. Because severe psychopathology is correlated with antisocial behavior, we examined possible associations between advancing paternal age and offspring violent offending. Interlinked Swedish national registers provided information on fathers' age at childbirth and violent criminal convictions in all offspring born from 1958 to 1979 (N = 2,359,921). We used ever committing a violent crime and number of violent crimes as indices of violent offending. The data included information on multiple levels; we compared differentially exposed siblings in within-family analyses to rigorously test causal influences. In the entire population, advancing paternal age predicted offspring violent crime according to both indices. Congruent with a causal effect, this association remained for rates of violent crime in within-family analyses. However, in within-family analyses, we found no association with ever committing a violent crime, suggesting that factors shared by siblings (genes and environment) confounded this association. Life-course persistent criminality has been proposed to have a partly biological etiology; our results agree with a stronger biological effect (i.e., de novo mutations) on persistent violent offending. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095457941200034X Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1779 [article] Advancing paternal age and offspring violent offending: A sibling-comparison study [texte imprimé] / Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Yudi PAWITAN, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Niklas LANGSTROM, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.739-53. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 24-3 (August 2012) . - p.739-53 Catégories : FRATRIE MALTRAITANCE RELATION PERE-ENFANT Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children born to older fathers are at higher risk to develop severe psychopathology (e.g., schizophrenia and bipolar disorder), possibly because of increased de novo mutations during spermatogenesis with older paternal age. Because severe psychopathology is correlated with antisocial behavior, we examined possible associations between advancing paternal age and offspring violent offending. Interlinked Swedish national registers provided information on fathers' age at childbirth and violent criminal convictions in all offspring born from 1958 to 1979 (N = 2,359,921). We used ever committing a violent crime and number of violent crimes as indices of violent offending. The data included information on multiple levels; we compared differentially exposed siblings in within-family analyses to rigorously test causal influences. In the entire population, advancing paternal age predicted offspring violent crime according to both indices. Congruent with a causal effect, this association remained for rates of violent crime in within-family analyses. However, in within-family analyses, we found no association with ever committing a violent crime, suggesting that factors shared by siblings (genes and environment) confounded this association. Life-course persistent criminality has been proposed to have a partly biological etiology; our results agree with a stronger biological effect (i.e., de novo mutations) on persistent violent offending. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095457941200034X Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1779

Codevelopment of ADHD and externalizing behavior from childhood to adulthood / Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-6 (June 2015) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.640-647 Titre : Codevelopment of ADHD and externalizing behavior from childhood to adulthood Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.640-647 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  antisocial behavior  longitudinal studies  comorbidity  genetics  behavioral Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) frequently co-occurs with externalizing disorders, but a clear understanding of the etiologic underpinnings is hampered by the limited understanding of the codevelopment of the traits from childhood into early adulthood. Methods Using a birth cohort of 2600 twins, the Swedish Twin study of Child and Adolescent Development study, assessed at ages 8–9, 13–14, 16–17, and 19–20, we investigated the codevelopment of ADHD and externalizing behavior from childhood to adulthood. The analyses examined ADHD-like and externalizing traits, as rated by twins and their parents using the Attention Problems scale and Externalizing scale of the Child Behavior Checklist, and estimated cross-lagged effects (one trait at one time-point predicting the other at the next). The covariation between the traits were decomposed into stable (effects carried over from the prior time-points) and innovative (new effects for each time-point) sources; each source was further decomposed into additive genetics, shared and nonshared environment. Results The analysis suggested that externalizing traits in middle childhood (age 8–9) predicted ADHD-like traits in early adolescence (age 13–14), whereas the reverse association was nonsignificant. In contrast, ADHD-like traits in lateadolescence (age 16–17) predicted externalizing traits in early adulthood (age 19–20). The correlation between ADHD-like and externalizing traits increased over time. At all time-points, innovative sources contributed substantially to maintained comorbidity. Genetic effects explained 67% of the covariation at each time-point; importantly, nearly 50% of these effects were innovative. Conclusions This study challenges the belief that ADHD generally precedes externalizing behaviors; rather, change in the etiologic factors across the development is the rule. The effects were due to both new genetic and environmental factors emerging up to young adulthood. Clinicians and researchers needs to consider complex etiologic and developmental models for the comorbidity between ADHD and externalizing behaviors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12340 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2603 [article] Codevelopment of ADHD and externalizing behavior from childhood to adulthood [texte imprimé] / Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur . - p.640-647. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.640-647 Mots-clés : ADHD  antisocial behavior  longitudinal studies  comorbidity  genetics  behavioral Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) frequently co-occurs with externalizing disorders, but a clear understanding of the etiologic underpinnings is hampered by the limited understanding of the codevelopment of the traits from childhood into early adulthood. Methods Using a birth cohort of 2600 twins, the Swedish Twin study of Child and Adolescent Development study, assessed at ages 8–9, 13–14, 16–17, and 19–20, we investigated the codevelopment of ADHD and externalizing behavior from childhood to adulthood. The analyses examined ADHD-like and externalizing traits, as rated by twins and their parents using the Attention Problems scale and Externalizing scale of the Child Behavior Checklist, and estimated cross-lagged effects (one trait at one time-point predicting the other at the next). The covariation between the traits were decomposed into stable (effects carried over from the prior time-points) and innovative (new effects for each time-point) sources; each source was further decomposed into additive genetics, shared and nonshared environment. Results The analysis suggested that externalizing traits in middle childhood (age 8–9) predicted ADHD-like traits in early adolescence (age 13–14), whereas the reverse association was nonsignificant. In contrast, ADHD-like traits in lateadolescence (age 16–17) predicted externalizing traits in early adulthood (age 19–20). The correlation between ADHD-like and externalizing traits increased over time. At all time-points, innovative sources contributed substantially to maintained comorbidity. Genetic effects explained 67% of the covariation at each time-point; importantly, nearly 50% of these effects were innovative. Conclusions This study challenges the belief that ADHD generally precedes externalizing behaviors; rather, change in the etiologic factors across the development is the rule. The effects were due to both new genetic and environmental factors emerging up to young adulthood. Clinicians and researchers needs to consider complex etiologic and developmental models for the comorbidity between ADHD and externalizing behaviors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12340 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2603

Familial aggregation of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder / Qi CHEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-3 (March 2017) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-3 (March 2017) . - p.231-239 Titre : Familial aggregation of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Qi CHEN, Auteur ; Isabell BRIKELL, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Eva SERLACHIUS, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Sven SANDIN, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.231-239 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  diagnosis  family factor  sex differences  adulthood Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) aggregates in families. To date, the strength, pattern, and characteristics of the familial aggregation have not been thoroughly assessed in a population-based family sample. Methods In this cohort study, we identified relative pairs of twins, full and half-siblings, and full and half cousins from 1,656,943 unique individuals born in Sweden between 1985 and 2006. The relatives of index persons were followed from their third birthday to 31 December 2009 for ADHD diagnosis. Birth year adjusted hazard ratio (HR), that is, the rate of ADHD in relatives of ADHD-affected index persons compared with the rate of ADHD in relatives of unaffected index persons, was estimated in the different types of relatives using Cox proportional hazards model. Results During the follow-up, 31,865 individuals were diagnosed with ADHD (male to female ratio was 3.7). The birth year adjusted HRs were as follows: 70.45 for monozygotic twins; 8.44 for dizygotic twins; 8.27 for full siblings; 2.86 for maternal half-siblings; 2.31 for paternal half-siblings; 2.24 for full cousins; 1.47 for half cousins. Maternal half-siblings had significantly higher HR than in paternal half-siblings. The HR did not seem to be affected by index person's sex. Full siblings of index persons with ADHD diagnosis present at age 18 or older had a higher rate of ADHD (HR: 11.49) than full siblings of index persons with ADHD diagnosis only before age 18 (HR: 4.68). Conclusions Familial aggregation of ADHD increases with increasing genetic relatedness. The familial aggregation is driven by not only genetic factors but also a small amount of shared environmental factors. Persistence of ADHD into adulthood indexes stronger familial aggregation of ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12616 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3039 [article] Familial aggregation of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [texte imprimé] / Qi CHEN, Auteur ; Isabell BRIKELL, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Eva SERLACHIUS, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Sven SANDIN, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur . - p.231-239. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-3 (March 2017) . - p.231-239 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  diagnosis  family factor  sex differences  adulthood Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) aggregates in families. To date, the strength, pattern, and characteristics of the familial aggregation have not been thoroughly assessed in a population-based family sample. Methods In this cohort study, we identified relative pairs of twins, full and half-siblings, and full and half cousins from 1,656,943 unique individuals born in Sweden between 1985 and 2006. The relatives of index persons were followed from their third birthday to 31 December 2009 for ADHD diagnosis. Birth year adjusted hazard ratio (HR), that is, the rate of ADHD in relatives of ADHD-affected index persons compared with the rate of ADHD in relatives of unaffected index persons, was estimated in the different types of relatives using Cox proportional hazards model. Results During the follow-up, 31,865 individuals were diagnosed with ADHD (male to female ratio was 3.7). The birth year adjusted HRs were as follows: 70.45 for monozygotic twins; 8.44 for dizygotic twins; 8.27 for full siblings; 2.86 for maternal half-siblings; 2.31 for paternal half-siblings; 2.24 for full cousins; 1.47 for half cousins. Maternal half-siblings had significantly higher HR than in paternal half-siblings. The HR did not seem to be affected by index person's sex. Full siblings of index persons with ADHD diagnosis present at age 18 or older had a higher rate of ADHD (HR: 11.49) than full siblings of index persons with ADHD diagnosis only before age 18 (HR: 4.68). Conclusions Familial aggregation of ADHD increases with increasing genetic relatedness. The familial aggregation is driven by not only genetic factors but also a small amount of shared environmental factors. Persistence of ADHD into adulthood indexes stronger familial aggregation of ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12616 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3039

Shared familial risk factors between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and overweight/obesity – a population-based familial coaggregation study in Sweden / Qi CHEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.711-718 Titre : Shared familial risk factors between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and overweight/obesity – a population-based familial coaggregation study in Sweden Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Qi CHEN, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Arvid SJÖLANDER, Auteur ; Eva SERLACHIUS, Auteur ; Samuele CORTESE, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.711-718 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  obesity  family factors  genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Despite meta-analytic evidence for the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and overweight/obesity, the mechanisms underlying the association are yet to be fully understood. Methods By linking multiple Swedish national and regional registers, we identified 472,735 index males born during 1973–1992, with information on body weight and height directly measured before they were conscripted for military service. We further identified 523,237 full siblings born during 1973–2002 for the index males. All individuals were followed up from their third birthday to December 31, 2009 for ADHD diagnosis. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between overweight/obesity in index males and ADHD in their full siblings. Results Siblings of index males with overweight/obesity had increased risk for ADHD (overweight: OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.05–1.24; obesity: OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.24–1.63), compared with siblings of index males with normal weight. The results were adjusted for birth year of the index male and sex of the sibling. After further adjustment for ADHD status of the index male, the familial coaggregation remained significant (overweight: OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.04–1.22; obesity: OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.21–1.57). The results were similar across sex of the siblings. Conclusions Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and overweight/obesity share familial risk factors, which are not limited to those causing overweight/obesity through the mediation of ADHD. Future research aiming at identifying family-wide environmental risk factors as well as common pleiotropic genetic variants contributing to both traits is warranted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12686 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3083 [article] Shared familial risk factors between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and overweight/obesity – a population-based familial coaggregation study in Sweden [texte imprimé] / Qi CHEN, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Arvid SJÖLANDER, Auteur ; Eva SERLACHIUS, Auteur ; Samuele CORTESE, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur . - p.711-718. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.711-718 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  obesity  family factors  genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Despite meta-analytic evidence for the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and overweight/obesity, the mechanisms underlying the association are yet to be fully understood. Methods By linking multiple Swedish national and regional registers, we identified 472,735 index males born during 1973–1992, with information on body weight and height directly measured before they were conscripted for military service. We further identified 523,237 full siblings born during 1973–2002 for the index males. All individuals were followed up from their third birthday to December 31, 2009 for ADHD diagnosis. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between overweight/obesity in index males and ADHD in their full siblings. Results Siblings of index males with overweight/obesity had increased risk for ADHD (overweight: OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.05–1.24; obesity: OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.24–1.63), compared with siblings of index males with normal weight. The results were adjusted for birth year of the index male and sex of the sibling. After further adjustment for ADHD status of the index male, the familial coaggregation remained significant (overweight: OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.04–1.22; obesity: OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.21–1.57). The results were similar across sex of the siblings. Conclusions Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and overweight/obesity share familial risk factors, which are not limited to those causing overweight/obesity through the mediation of ADHD. Future research aiming at identifying family-wide environmental risk factors as well as common pleiotropic genetic variants contributing to both traits is warranted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12686 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3083

The role of general anesthesia on traits of neurodevelopmental disorders in a Swedish cohort of twins / Albert CASTELLHEIM in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-9 (September 2018) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-9 (September 2018) . - p.966-972 Titre : The role of general anesthesia on traits of neurodevelopmental disorders in a Swedish cohort of twins Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Albert CASTELLHEIM, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Mattias MOLIN, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Carina GILLBERG, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.966-972 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Neurodevelopmental disorders  ADHD  general anesthesia  congenital abnormalities  system diseases Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The role of general anesthetics as a risk factor for possible neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in humans is unresolved. The investigation of the role of anesthetics in the development of postgeneral anesthesia (anesthesia onward) NDDs has proven to be complicated, partly because of the inherent confounding in clinical cohort studies, and partly by the fact that anesthetics are only one part in the complex process of anesthesia-surgery. Methods Utilizing the Swedish databases Child and Adolescent Twins Study in Sweden (CATSS) and National Patient Register (NPR), we investigated twins discordant for anesthesia, born between 1997 and 2004 for traits of NDDs. We identified 68 twin pairs discordant for anesthesia and explored traits of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Learning Disability (LD), and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in them while simultaneously taking congenital abnormalities and systemic disorders (CSDs) into account. We analyzed the possible effect of anesthesia on neurodevelopmental problems, and we analyzed the within-pair differences using conditional linear regression. Results Twins with a recorded episode of anesthesia had higher traits of NDDs than twins without; similarly twins with CSDs had higher mean scores on all traits than twins without CSDs. The within-pair analyses suggested that exposure to anesthesia was associated with higher scores of ADHD (regression coefficient 1.02 and 95% confidence intervals: 0.27?1.78) in monozygotic (MZ) twins discordant for anesthesia. This effect remained when adjusting for congenital abnormalities. Discussion Our finding that traits of ADHD were slightly associated with anesthesia in a genetically sensitive design is in need of replication and warrants further investigation. Future studies should aim to elucidate mechanisms behind this possible association (e.g. anesthetics doses, age at exposure, exposure duration). En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12885 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3683 [article] The role of general anesthesia on traits of neurodevelopmental disorders in a Swedish cohort of twins [texte imprimé] / Albert CASTELLHEIM, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Mattias MOLIN, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Carina GILLBERG, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur . - p.966-972. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-9 (September 2018) . - p.966-972 Mots-clés : Neurodevelopmental disorders  ADHD  general anesthesia  congenital abnormalities  system diseases Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The role of general anesthetics as a risk factor for possible neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in humans is unresolved. The investigation of the role of anesthetics in the development of postgeneral anesthesia (anesthesia onward) NDDs has proven to be complicated, partly because of the inherent confounding in clinical cohort studies, and partly by the fact that anesthetics are only one part in the complex process of anesthesia-surgery. Methods Utilizing the Swedish databases Child and Adolescent Twins Study in Sweden (CATSS) and National Patient Register (NPR), we investigated twins discordant for anesthesia, born between 1997 and 2004 for traits of NDDs. We identified 68 twin pairs discordant for anesthesia and explored traits of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Learning Disability (LD), and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in them while simultaneously taking congenital abnormalities and systemic disorders (CSDs) into account. We analyzed the possible effect of anesthesia on neurodevelopmental problems, and we analyzed the within-pair differences using conditional linear regression. Results Twins with a recorded episode of anesthesia had higher traits of NDDs than twins without; similarly twins with CSDs had higher mean scores on all traits than twins without CSDs. The within-pair analyses suggested that exposure to anesthesia was associated with higher scores of ADHD (regression coefficient 1.02 and 95% confidence intervals: 0.27?1.78) in monozygotic (MZ) twins discordant for anesthesia. This effect remained when adjusting for congenital abnormalities. Discussion Our finding that traits of ADHD were slightly associated with anesthesia in a genetically sensitive design is in need of replication and warrants further investigation. Future studies should aim to elucidate mechanisms behind this possible association (e.g. anesthetics doses, age at exposure, exposure duration). En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12885 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3683

Use of medication for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and risk of unintentional injuries in children and adolescents with co-occurring neurodevelopmental disorders / Laura GHIRARDI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-2 (February 2020) 

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