Dépouillements

Editorial: Environmental conditions for growing healthy children / Joan L. LUBY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.961-962 Titre : Editorial: Environmental conditions for growing healthy children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joan L. LUBY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.961-962 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adverse Childhood Experiences  Child  Child, Preschool  Humans  Prospective Studies  Retrospective Studies  Risk Factors  Adversity  child development  maltreatment  psychosocial Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The deleterious developmental effects of exposure to early adversity have been well documented in the scientific literature. The finding that poverty in early childhood is among the most robust predictors of a range of poor developmental outcomes has been well known for decades. More recently, evidence that early experiences of poverty and related forms of adversity negatively impact the function and structure of the developing brain have also emerged. Retrospective studies linking poor physical health outcomes to adverse childhood experiences (ACES) highlighted the more global nature of these risk factors to wellbeing and follow-up prospective studies have since confirmed these findings (Brown et al., 2009). Alternatively, it has become increasingly clear that early experiences of stimulation, nurturance, and caregiver support promote positive development outcomes with emerging evidence for tangible impacts on neurodevelopment in humans (Luby et al., 2021). However, the scientific and public health community has yet to synthesize these related bodies of data and develop a plan of action related to their over-reaching and global importance to protecting and promoting childhood health and development more generally despite numerous calls to do just that (Farah, 2018; Luby et al., 2020). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13674 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Editorial: Environmental conditions for growing healthy children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joan L. LUBY, Auteur . - p.961-962. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.961-962 Mots-clés : Adverse Childhood Experiences  Child  Child, Preschool  Humans  Prospective Studies  Retrospective Studies  Risk Factors  Adversity  child development  maltreatment  psychosocial Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The deleterious developmental effects of exposure to early adversity have been well documented in the scientific literature. The finding that poverty in early childhood is among the most robust predictors of a range of poor developmental outcomes has been well known for decades. More recently, evidence that early experiences of poverty and related forms of adversity negatively impact the function and structure of the developing brain have also emerged. Retrospective studies linking poor physical health outcomes to adverse childhood experiences (ACES) highlighted the more global nature of these risk factors to wellbeing and follow-up prospective studies have since confirmed these findings (Brown et al., 2009). Alternatively, it has become increasingly clear that early experiences of stimulation, nurturance, and caregiver support promote positive development outcomes with emerging evidence for tangible impacts on neurodevelopment in humans (Luby et al., 2021). However, the scientific and public health community has yet to synthesize these related bodies of data and develop a plan of action related to their over-reaching and global importance to protecting and promoting childhood health and development more generally despite numerous calls to do just that (Farah, 2018; Luby et al., 2020). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13674 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Alexithymia in individuals maltreated as children and adolescents: a meta-analysis / Anika N. KHAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.963-972 Titre : Alexithymia in individuals maltreated as children and adolescents: a meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anika N. KHAN, Auteur ; Sara R. JAFFEE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.963-972 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Affective Symptoms/epidemiology  Child  Child Abuse/psychology  Emotions  Female  Humans  Mental Disorders  Psychopathology  Childhood maltreatment  abuse  alexithymia  meta-analysis  neglect Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children who are maltreated show deficits in emotion recognition, expression, and understanding. The goal of the current meta-analysis was to determine the degree to which maltreatment is associated with deficits in the ability to recognize one's own emotions - a phenomenon known as alexithymia. Alexithymia may be a mechanism explaining the association between childhood maltreatment and various psychological disorders. METHODS: This meta-analytic review (88 studies, n=43,076) examined the association between the experience of childhood maltreatment and alexithymia, mainly in adulthood. Additional meta-analyses were run to examine if the strength of the association between maltreatment as a child and alexithymia varied as a function of the type of maltreatment individuals reported and other moderators. RESULTS: We found significant small effect sizes for all models, indicating higher levels of maltreatment in childhood or adolescence were associated with higher levels of alexithymia. Alexithymia was more strongly associated with forms of neglect than with physical or sexual abuse. The effect sizes also increased as the percentages of females in the sample increased. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that researchers should examine whether alexithymia is a transdiagnostic mechanism in the association between childhood maltreatment and psychopathology and whether targeting alexithymia in treatment could reduce a wide range of symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13616 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Alexithymia in individuals maltreated as children and adolescents: a meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anika N. KHAN, Auteur ; Sara R. JAFFEE, Auteur . - p.963-972. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.963-972 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Affective Symptoms/epidemiology  Child  Child Abuse/psychology  Emotions  Female  Humans  Mental Disorders  Psychopathology  Childhood maltreatment  abuse  alexithymia  meta-analysis  neglect Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children who are maltreated show deficits in emotion recognition, expression, and understanding. The goal of the current meta-analysis was to determine the degree to which maltreatment is associated with deficits in the ability to recognize one's own emotions - a phenomenon known as alexithymia. Alexithymia may be a mechanism explaining the association between childhood maltreatment and various psychological disorders. METHODS: This meta-analytic review (88 studies, n=43,076) examined the association between the experience of childhood maltreatment and alexithymia, mainly in adulthood. Additional meta-analyses were run to examine if the strength of the association between maltreatment as a child and alexithymia varied as a function of the type of maltreatment individuals reported and other moderators. RESULTS: We found significant small effect sizes for all models, indicating higher levels of maltreatment in childhood or adolescence were associated with higher levels of alexithymia. Alexithymia was more strongly associated with forms of neglect than with physical or sexual abuse. The effect sizes also increased as the percentages of females in the sample increased. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that researchers should examine whether alexithymia is a transdiagnostic mechanism in the association between childhood maltreatment and psychopathology and whether targeting alexithymia in treatment could reduce a wide range of symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13616 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Diagnostic stability in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: insights from a longitudinal follow-up study / Rebecca ELIAS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.973-983 Titre : Diagnostic stability in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: insights from a longitudinal follow-up study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rebecca ELIAS, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.973-983 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/psychology  Autistic Disorder  Child  Child, Preschool  Cohort Studies  Follow-Up Studies  Humans  Longitudinal Studies  Young Adult  Autism  longitudinal  outcome Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: This longitudinal study of autism symptom trajectories provides unique information that can characterize autism features and diagnostic patterns from childhood to adulthood. METHODS: Participants (n=155) were part of a longitudinal cohort referred for possible autism where in-person assessments were completed at ages 2, 3, 5, 9, 19, and 25. Assessors were blinded to previous diagnoses. Based on adult best estimate diagnoses, participants were categorized into one of the four groups: Retained ASD, Lost ASD, Never Had ASD, or Gained ASD Diagnosis. To examine developmental changes in autism symptoms, mixed models indicated the rate of change in ADOS CSS and ADI-R scores in each diagnostic group. RESULTS: A subset of participants with VIQ> and<70 were assigned a diagnosis in adulthood that differed from diagnoses earlier in development. Across cognitive levels, the majority of novel diagnoses emerged in adulthood. For those with VIQ>70, improvements in ADOS CSS over time for the Lost Diagnosis group and worsening in CSS in the Gained Diagnosis group were gradual. Individuals with VIQ>70 who lost a diagnosis even in adulthood could be distinguished on CSS and ADI-R scores by age 5 from those who retained their ASD diagnosis. Although most participants with VIQ<70 saw decreases in autistic symptoms as a whole, changes in autism diagnoses were confounded by disentangling profound intellectual disability as a differential diagnosis or co-occurrence. Only the Never Had Diagnosis group revealed significant changes in ADOS scores over time, with autism symptoms increasing. CONCLUSIONS: Associated with gradual changes in core features of autism beginning in childhood, diagnoses of autism can shift across development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13551 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Diagnostic stability in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: insights from a longitudinal follow-up study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rebecca ELIAS, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur . - p.973-983. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.973-983 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/psychology  Autistic Disorder  Child  Child, Preschool  Cohort Studies  Follow-Up Studies  Humans  Longitudinal Studies  Young Adult  Autism  longitudinal  outcome Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: This longitudinal study of autism symptom trajectories provides unique information that can characterize autism features and diagnostic patterns from childhood to adulthood. METHODS: Participants (n=155) were part of a longitudinal cohort referred for possible autism where in-person assessments were completed at ages 2, 3, 5, 9, 19, and 25. Assessors were blinded to previous diagnoses. Based on adult best estimate diagnoses, participants were categorized into one of the four groups: Retained ASD, Lost ASD, Never Had ASD, or Gained ASD Diagnosis. To examine developmental changes in autism symptoms, mixed models indicated the rate of change in ADOS CSS and ADI-R scores in each diagnostic group. RESULTS: A subset of participants with VIQ> and<70 were assigned a diagnosis in adulthood that differed from diagnoses earlier in development. Across cognitive levels, the majority of novel diagnoses emerged in adulthood. For those with VIQ>70, improvements in ADOS CSS over time for the Lost Diagnosis group and worsening in CSS in the Gained Diagnosis group were gradual. Individuals with VIQ>70 who lost a diagnosis even in adulthood could be distinguished on CSS and ADI-R scores by age 5 from those who retained their ASD diagnosis. Although most participants with VIQ<70 saw decreases in autistic symptoms as a whole, changes in autism diagnoses were confounded by disentangling profound intellectual disability as a differential diagnosis or co-occurrence. Only the Never Had Diagnosis group revealed significant changes in ADOS scores over time, with autism symptoms increasing. CONCLUSIONS: Associated with gradual changes in core features of autism beginning in childhood, diagnoses of autism can shift across development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13551 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Depression in 3/6-year-old children: clinical and psychosocial outcomes in later childhood and adolescence / Jamilah SILVER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.984-991 Titre : Depression in 3/6-year-old children: clinical and psychosocial outcomes in later childhood and adolescence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jamilah SILVER, Auteur ; Thomas M. OLINO, Auteur ; Gabrielle A. CARLSON, Auteur ; Lea R. DOUGHERTY, Auteur ; Sara J. BUFFERD, Auteur ; Daniel N. KLEIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.984-991 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity  Child  Child, Preschool  Depression/diagnosis/epidemiology  Female  Humans  Mothers/psychology  Psychiatric Status Rating Scales  Early childhood depression  follow-up  outcome  validity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: In recent years, epidemiological and clinical studies have revealed that depressive disorders can present in early childhood. To clarify the validity and prognostic significance of early childhood-onset depression, we investigated diagnostic and functional outcomes in later childhood and adolescence. METHODS: A community sample (N=516) was assessed for psychopathology at ages 3 and 6 using the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment. When participants were 9, 12, and 15years old, children and parents completed the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia and measures of symptoms and functioning. RESULTS: In models adjusting for covariates, depressed 3/6-year-old children were more likely to experience subsequent episodes of depressive disorders and exhibited significantly higher rates of later anxiety disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and suicidality compared to children without depressive disorders at age 3/6. Early childhood depression was also associated with higher levels of mother, but not child, reported depressive symptoms at age 15 compared to children without depressive disorders at age 3/6. Finally, depression at age 3/6 predicted lower levels of global and interpersonal functioning and higher rates of treatment at age 15 compared to children without depressive disorders at age 3/6. CONCLUSIONS: Results support the clinical significance of depression in 3/6-year-old children, although further studies with larger samples are needed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13553 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Depression in 3/6-year-old children: clinical and psychosocial outcomes in later childhood and adolescence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jamilah SILVER, Auteur ; Thomas M. OLINO, Auteur ; Gabrielle A. CARLSON, Auteur ; Lea R. DOUGHERTY, Auteur ; Sara J. BUFFERD, Auteur ; Daniel N. KLEIN, Auteur . - p.984-991. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.984-991 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity  Child  Child, Preschool  Depression/diagnosis/epidemiology  Female  Humans  Mothers/psychology  Psychiatric Status Rating Scales  Early childhood depression  follow-up  outcome  validity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: In recent years, epidemiological and clinical studies have revealed that depressive disorders can present in early childhood. To clarify the validity and prognostic significance of early childhood-onset depression, we investigated diagnostic and functional outcomes in later childhood and adolescence. METHODS: A community sample (N=516) was assessed for psychopathology at ages 3 and 6 using the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment. When participants were 9, 12, and 15years old, children and parents completed the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia and measures of symptoms and functioning. RESULTS: In models adjusting for covariates, depressed 3/6-year-old children were more likely to experience subsequent episodes of depressive disorders and exhibited significantly higher rates of later anxiety disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and suicidality compared to children without depressive disorders at age 3/6. Early childhood depression was also associated with higher levels of mother, but not child, reported depressive symptoms at age 15 compared to children without depressive disorders at age 3/6. Finally, depression at age 3/6 predicted lower levels of global and interpersonal functioning and higher rates of treatment at age 15 compared to children without depressive disorders at age 3/6. CONCLUSIONS: Results support the clinical significance of depression in 3/6-year-old children, although further studies with larger samples are needed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13553 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

A randomized controlled trial of technology-enhanced behavioral parent training: sustained parent skill use and child outcomes at follow-up / Justin PARENT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.992-1001 Titre : A randomized controlled trial of technology-enhanced behavioral parent training: sustained parent skill use and child outcomes at follow-up Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Justin PARENT, Auteur ; Margaret T. ANTON, Auteur ; Raelyn LOISELLE, Auteur ; April HIGHLANDER, Auteur ; Nicole BRESLEND, Auteur ; Rex FOREHAND, Auteur ; Megan HARE, Auteur ; Jennifer K. YOUNGSTROM, Auteur ; Deborah J. JONES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.992-1001 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders/therapy  Child  Child Behavior Disorders/psychology/therapy  Child, Preschool  Follow-Up Studies  Humans  Parent-Child Relations  Parenting/psychology  Parents/education  Technology  Behavioral parent training  child behavior disorders  low-income families Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Early-onset (3-8years old) disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs) have been linked to a range of psychosocial sequelae in adolescence and beyond, including delinquency, depression, and substance use. Given that low-income families are overrepresented in statistics on early-onset DBDs, prevention and early-intervention targeting this population is a public health imperative. The efficacy of Behavioral Parent Training (BPT) programs such as Helping the Noncompliant Child (HNC) has been called robust; however, given the additional societal and structural barriers faced by low-income families, family engagement and retention barriers can cause effects to wane with time. This study extends preliminary work by examining the potential for a Technology-Enhanced HNC (TE-HNC) program to improve and sustain parent skill proficiency and child outcomes among low-income families. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial with two parallel arms was the design for this study. A total of 101 children (3-8-years-old) with clinically significant problem behaviors from low-income households were randomized to HNC (n=54) or TE-HNC (n=47). Participants were assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, 3-month, and 6-month follow-ups. Primary outcomes were parent-reported and observed child behavior problems. Secondary outcomes included observed parenting skills use (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02191956). RESULTS: Primary analyses used latent curve modeling to examine treatment differences in the trajectory of change during treatment, maintenance of treatment gains, and levels of outcomes at the 6-month follow-up. Both programs yielded improvements in parenting skills and child problems at post-treatment. However, TE-HNC families evidenced greater maintenance of parent-reported and observed child behavior and observed positive parenting skills at the 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings contribute to an ongoing line of work suggesting that technology-enhanced treatment models hold promise for increasing markers of engagement in BPT and sustaining long-term outcomes among low-income families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13554 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] A randomized controlled trial of technology-enhanced behavioral parent training: sustained parent skill use and child outcomes at follow-up [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Justin PARENT, Auteur ; Margaret T. ANTON, Auteur ; Raelyn LOISELLE, Auteur ; April HIGHLANDER, Auteur ; Nicole BRESLEND, Auteur ; Rex FOREHAND, Auteur ; Megan HARE, Auteur ; Jennifer K. YOUNGSTROM, Auteur ; Deborah J. JONES, Auteur . - p.992-1001. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.992-1001 Mots-clés : Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders/therapy  Child  Child Behavior Disorders/psychology/therapy  Child, Preschool  Follow-Up Studies  Humans  Parent-Child Relations  Parenting/psychology  Parents/education  Technology  Behavioral parent training  child behavior disorders  low-income families Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Early-onset (3-8years old) disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs) have been linked to a range of psychosocial sequelae in adolescence and beyond, including delinquency, depression, and substance use. Given that low-income families are overrepresented in statistics on early-onset DBDs, prevention and early-intervention targeting this population is a public health imperative. The efficacy of Behavioral Parent Training (BPT) programs such as Helping the Noncompliant Child (HNC) has been called robust; however, given the additional societal and structural barriers faced by low-income families, family engagement and retention barriers can cause effects to wane with time. This study extends preliminary work by examining the potential for a Technology-Enhanced HNC (TE-HNC) program to improve and sustain parent skill proficiency and child outcomes among low-income families. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial with two parallel arms was the design for this study. A total of 101 children (3-8-years-old) with clinically significant problem behaviors from low-income households were randomized to HNC (n=54) or TE-HNC (n=47). Participants were assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, 3-month, and 6-month follow-ups. Primary outcomes were parent-reported and observed child behavior problems. Secondary outcomes included observed parenting skills use (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02191956). RESULTS: Primary analyses used latent curve modeling to examine treatment differences in the trajectory of change during treatment, maintenance of treatment gains, and levels of outcomes at the 6-month follow-up. Both programs yielded improvements in parenting skills and child problems at post-treatment. However, TE-HNC families evidenced greater maintenance of parent-reported and observed child behavior and observed positive parenting skills at the 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings contribute to an ongoing line of work suggesting that technology-enhanced treatment models hold promise for increasing markers of engagement in BPT and sustaining long-term outcomes among low-income families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13554 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Atypical cerebellar functional connectivity at 9 months of age predicts delayed socio-communicative profiles in infants at high and low risk for autism / Nana J. OKADA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1002-1016 Titre : Atypical cerebellar functional connectivity at 9 months of age predicts delayed socio-communicative profiles in infants at high and low risk for autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nana J. OKADA, Auteur ; Janelle LIU, Auteur ; Tawny TSANG, Auteur ; Erin NOSCO, Auteur ; Nicole M. MCDONALD, Auteur ; Kaitlin K. CUMMINGS, Auteur ; Jiwon JUNG, Auteur ; Genevieve PATTERSON, Auteur ; Susan Y. BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Shulamite A. GREEN, Auteur ; Shafali S JESTE, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1002-1016 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging  Autistic Disorder  Cerebellum/diagnostic imaging  Communication  Humans  Infant  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Autism spectrum disorder  fMRI  infancy  social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: While the cerebellum is traditionally known for its role in sensorimotor control, emerging research shows that particular subregions, such as right Crus I (RCrusI), support language and social processing. Indeed, cerebellar atypicalities are commonly reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by socio-communicative impairments. However, the cerebellum's contribution to early socio-communicative development remains virtually unknown. METHODS: Here, we characterized functional connectivity within cerebro-cerebellar networks implicated in language/social functions in 9-month-old infants who exhibit distinct 3-year socio-communicative developmental profiles. We employed a data-driven clustering approach to stratify our sample of infants at high (n=82) and low (n=37) familial risk for ASD into three cohorts-Delayed, Late-Blooming, and Typical-who showed unique socio-communicative trajectories. We then compared the cohorts on indices of language and social development. Seed-based functional connectivity analyses with RCrusI were conducted on infants with fMRI data (n=66). Cohorts were compared on connectivity estimates from a-priori regions, selected on the basis of reported coactivation with RCrusI during language/social tasks. RESULTS: The three trajectory-based cohorts broadly differed in social communication development, as evidenced by robust differences on numerous indices of language and social skills. Importantly, at 9months, the cohorts showed striking differences in cerebro-cerebellar circuits implicated in language/social functions. For all regions examined, the Delayed cohort exhibited significantly weaker RCrusI connectivity compared to both the Late-Blooming and Typical cohorts, with no significant differences between the latter cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: We show that hypoconnectivity within distinct cerebro-cerebellar networks in infancy predicts altered socio-communicative development before delays overtly manifest, which may be relevant for early detection and intervention. As the cerebellum is implicated in prediction, our findings point to probabilistic learning as a potential intermediary mechanism that may be disrupted in infancy, cascading into alterations in social communication. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13555 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Atypical cerebellar functional connectivity at 9 months of age predicts delayed socio-communicative profiles in infants at high and low risk for autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nana J. OKADA, Auteur ; Janelle LIU, Auteur ; Tawny TSANG, Auteur ; Erin NOSCO, Auteur ; Nicole M. MCDONALD, Auteur ; Kaitlin K. CUMMINGS, Auteur ; Jiwon JUNG, Auteur ; Genevieve PATTERSON, Auteur ; Susan Y. BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Shulamite A. GREEN, Auteur ; Shafali S JESTE, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur . - p.1002-1016. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1002-1016 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging  Autistic Disorder  Cerebellum/diagnostic imaging  Communication  Humans  Infant  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Autism spectrum disorder  fMRI  infancy  social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: While the cerebellum is traditionally known for its role in sensorimotor control, emerging research shows that particular subregions, such as right Crus I (RCrusI), support language and social processing. Indeed, cerebellar atypicalities are commonly reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by socio-communicative impairments. However, the cerebellum's contribution to early socio-communicative development remains virtually unknown. METHODS: Here, we characterized functional connectivity within cerebro-cerebellar networks implicated in language/social functions in 9-month-old infants who exhibit distinct 3-year socio-communicative developmental profiles. We employed a data-driven clustering approach to stratify our sample of infants at high (n=82) and low (n=37) familial risk for ASD into three cohorts-Delayed, Late-Blooming, and Typical-who showed unique socio-communicative trajectories. We then compared the cohorts on indices of language and social development. Seed-based functional connectivity analyses with RCrusI were conducted on infants with fMRI data (n=66). Cohorts were compared on connectivity estimates from a-priori regions, selected on the basis of reported coactivation with RCrusI during language/social tasks. RESULTS: The three trajectory-based cohorts broadly differed in social communication development, as evidenced by robust differences on numerous indices of language and social skills. Importantly, at 9months, the cohorts showed striking differences in cerebro-cerebellar circuits implicated in language/social functions. For all regions examined, the Delayed cohort exhibited significantly weaker RCrusI connectivity compared to both the Late-Blooming and Typical cohorts, with no significant differences between the latter cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: We show that hypoconnectivity within distinct cerebro-cerebellar networks in infancy predicts altered socio-communicative development before delays overtly manifest, which may be relevant for early detection and intervention. As the cerebellum is implicated in prediction, our findings point to probabilistic learning as a potential intermediary mechanism that may be disrupted in infancy, cascading into alterations in social communication. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13555 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

A symptom level perspective on reactive and proactive aggressive behaviours and ADHD symptoms in childhood / Lydia Gabriela SPEYER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1017-1026 Titre : A symptom level perspective on reactive and proactive aggressive behaviours and ADHD symptoms in childhood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lydia Gabriela SPEYER, Auteur ; Manuel EISNER, Auteur ; Denis RIBEAUD, Auteur ; Michelle LUCIANO, Auteur ; Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur ; Aja Louise MURRAY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1017-1026 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aggression  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis/epidemiology  Child  Cohort Studies  Cross-Sectional Studies  Humans  Impulsive Behavior  Adhd  longitudinal network modelling  proactive aggression  reactive aggression  z-proso Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : OBJECTIVE: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent childhood disorders, affecting around 3.4% of children worldwide. A common and impairing correlate of ADHD is aggressive behaviour. ADHD symptoms and aggression are both heterogeneous and it has been speculated that certain symptoms of ADHD might be more important in aggressive behaviours of different types than others. This study uses a symptom-level analysis to investigate the concurrent and temporal links between ADHD symptoms and aggressive behaviours. METHODS: Using Gaussian Graphical Models and Graphical Vector Autoregression Models, longitudinal and cross-sectional networks of ADHD symptoms and aggressive behaviours, measured using parent-reported Social Behaviour Questionnaires, were estimated. Participants included 1,246 children taking part in the longitudinal Swiss z-proso cohort study at ages 7, 9 and 11. RESULTS: The longitudinal network highlighted that ADHD symptoms and aggressive behaviours share a multitude of reciprocal temporal relations, with inattentive ADHD symptoms preceding both reactive and proactive aggression. Cross-sectional networks suggested that hyperactive/impulsive symptoms were predominantly connected to reactive aggressive behaviours but also to a form of proactive aggression, namely dominating other children. CONCLUSION: Findings provide preliminary evidence which specific symptoms are the most promising targets for reducing aggressive behaviours in children with ADHD. They also highlight the potential importance of targeting feedback loops resulting from aggressive behaviours. Future research is needed to better understand the mechanisms through which ADHD and aggressive behaviours become linked. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13556 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] A symptom level perspective on reactive and proactive aggressive behaviours and ADHD symptoms in childhood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lydia Gabriela SPEYER, Auteur ; Manuel EISNER, Auteur ; Denis RIBEAUD, Auteur ; Michelle LUCIANO, Auteur ; Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur ; Aja Louise MURRAY, Auteur . - p.1017-1026. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1017-1026 Mots-clés : Aggression  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis/epidemiology  Child  Cohort Studies  Cross-Sectional Studies  Humans  Impulsive Behavior  Adhd  longitudinal network modelling  proactive aggression  reactive aggression  z-proso Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : OBJECTIVE: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent childhood disorders, affecting around 3.4% of children worldwide. A common and impairing correlate of ADHD is aggressive behaviour. ADHD symptoms and aggression are both heterogeneous and it has been speculated that certain symptoms of ADHD might be more important in aggressive behaviours of different types than others. This study uses a symptom-level analysis to investigate the concurrent and temporal links between ADHD symptoms and aggressive behaviours. METHODS: Using Gaussian Graphical Models and Graphical Vector Autoregression Models, longitudinal and cross-sectional networks of ADHD symptoms and aggressive behaviours, measured using parent-reported Social Behaviour Questionnaires, were estimated. Participants included 1,246 children taking part in the longitudinal Swiss z-proso cohort study at ages 7, 9 and 11. RESULTS: The longitudinal network highlighted that ADHD symptoms and aggressive behaviours share a multitude of reciprocal temporal relations, with inattentive ADHD symptoms preceding both reactive and proactive aggression. Cross-sectional networks suggested that hyperactive/impulsive symptoms were predominantly connected to reactive aggressive behaviours but also to a form of proactive aggression, namely dominating other children. CONCLUSION: Findings provide preliminary evidence which specific symptoms are the most promising targets for reducing aggressive behaviours in children with ADHD. They also highlight the potential importance of targeting feedback loops resulting from aggressive behaviours. Future research is needed to better understand the mechanisms through which ADHD and aggressive behaviours become linked. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13556 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Immediate impact of child maltreatment on mental, developmental, and physical health trajectories / Sibylle Maria WINTER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1027-1045 Titre : Immediate impact of child maltreatment on mental, developmental, and physical health trajectories Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sibylle Maria WINTER, Auteur ; Katja DITTRICH, Auteur ; Peggy DORR, Auteur ; Judith OVERFELD, Auteur ; Imke MOEBUS, Auteur ; Elena MURRAY, Auteur ; Gergana KARABOYCHEVA, Auteur ; Christian ZIMMERMANN, Auteur ; Andrea KNOP, Auteur ; Manuel VOELKLE, Auteur ; Sonja ENTRINGER, Auteur ; Claudia BUSS, Auteur ; John-Dylan HAYNES, Auteur ; Elisabeth B. BINDER, Auteur ; Christine HEIM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1027-1045 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child  Child Abuse/psychology  Emotions  Humans  Longitudinal Studies  Mental Disorders/psychology  Physical Abuse  Child development  follow-up studies  maltreatment  psychopathology  somatic problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : OBJECTIVE: The immediate impact of child maltreatment on health and developmental trajectories over time is unknown. Longitudinal studies starting in the direct aftermath of exposure with repeated follow-up are needed. METHOD: We assessed health and developmental outcomes in 6-month intervals over 2years in 173 children, aged 3-5years at study entry, including 86 children with exposure to emotional and physical abuse or neglect within 6months and 87 nonmaltreated children. Assessments included clinician-administered, self- and parent-report measures of psychiatric and behavioral symptoms, development, and physical health. Linear mixed models and latent growth curve analyses were used to contrast trajectories between groups and to investigate the impact of maltreatment features on trajectories. RESULTS: Maltreated children exhibited greater numbers of psychiatric diagnoses (b=1.998, p<.001), externalizing (b=13.29, p<.001) and internalizing (b=11.70, p<.001) symptoms, impairments in cognitive (b=-11.586, p<.001), verbal (b=-10.687, p<.001), and motor development (b=-7.904, p=.006), and greater numbers of medical symptoms (b=1.021, p<.001) compared to nonmaltreated children across all time-points. Lifetime maltreatment severity and/or age at earliest maltreatment exposure predicted adverse outcomes over time. CONCLUSION: The profound, immediate, and stable impact of maltreatment on health and developmental trajectories supports a biological embedding model and provides foundation to scrutinize the precise underlying mechanisms. Such knowledge will enable the development of early risk markers and mechanism-driven interventions that mitigate adverse trajectories in maltreated children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13550 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Immediate impact of child maltreatment on mental, developmental, and physical health trajectories [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sibylle Maria WINTER, Auteur ; Katja DITTRICH, Auteur ; Peggy DORR, Auteur ; Judith OVERFELD, Auteur ; Imke MOEBUS, Auteur ; Elena MURRAY, Auteur ; Gergana KARABOYCHEVA, Auteur ; Christian ZIMMERMANN, Auteur ; Andrea KNOP, Auteur ; Manuel VOELKLE, Auteur ; Sonja ENTRINGER, Auteur ; Claudia BUSS, Auteur ; John-Dylan HAYNES, Auteur ; Elisabeth B. BINDER, Auteur ; Christine HEIM, Auteur . - p.1027-1045. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1027-1045 Mots-clés : Child  Child Abuse/psychology  Emotions  Humans  Longitudinal Studies  Mental Disorders/psychology  Physical Abuse  Child development  follow-up studies  maltreatment  psychopathology  somatic problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : OBJECTIVE: The immediate impact of child maltreatment on health and developmental trajectories over time is unknown. Longitudinal studies starting in the direct aftermath of exposure with repeated follow-up are needed. METHOD: We assessed health and developmental outcomes in 6-month intervals over 2years in 173 children, aged 3-5years at study entry, including 86 children with exposure to emotional and physical abuse or neglect within 6months and 87 nonmaltreated children. Assessments included clinician-administered, self- and parent-report measures of psychiatric and behavioral symptoms, development, and physical health. Linear mixed models and latent growth curve analyses were used to contrast trajectories between groups and to investigate the impact of maltreatment features on trajectories. RESULTS: Maltreated children exhibited greater numbers of psychiatric diagnoses (b=1.998, p<.001), externalizing (b=13.29, p<.001) and internalizing (b=11.70, p<.001) symptoms, impairments in cognitive (b=-11.586, p<.001), verbal (b=-10.687, p<.001), and motor development (b=-7.904, p=.006), and greater numbers of medical symptoms (b=1.021, p<.001) compared to nonmaltreated children across all time-points. Lifetime maltreatment severity and/or age at earliest maltreatment exposure predicted adverse outcomes over time. CONCLUSION: The profound, immediate, and stable impact of maltreatment on health and developmental trajectories supports a biological embedding model and provides foundation to scrutinize the precise underlying mechanisms. Such knowledge will enable the development of early risk markers and mechanism-driven interventions that mitigate adverse trajectories in maltreated children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13550 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Mental disorders in preadolescent children at familial high-risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder - a four-year follow-up study: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study, VIA 11: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study, VIA 11 / Maja GREGERSEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1046-1056 Titre : Mental disorders in preadolescent children at familial high-risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder - a four-year follow-up study: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study, VIA 11: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study, VIA 11 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maja GREGERSEN, Auteur ; Anne SØNDERGAARD, Auteur ; Julie Marie BRANDT, Auteur ; Ditte ELLERSGAARD, Auteur ; Sinnika Birkehoj ROHD, Auteur ; Carsten HJORTHØJ, Auteur ; Jessica OHLAND, Auteur ; Mette Falkenberg KRANTZ, Auteur ; Martin WILMS, Auteur ; Anna Krogh ANDREASSEN, Auteur ; Christina Bruun KNUDSEN, Auteur ; Lotte VEDDUM, Auteur ; Aja GREVE, Auteur ; Vibeke BLIKSTED, Auteur ; Ole MORS, Auteur ; Lars CLEMMENSEN, Auteur ; Jens Richardt MØLLEGAARD JEPSEN, Auteur ; Merete NORDENTOFT, Auteur ; Nicoline HEMAGER, Auteur ; Anne Amalie Elgaard THORUP, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1046-1056 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Bipolar Disorder/epidemiology  Child  Child, Preschool  Denmark/epidemiology  Follow-Up Studies  Humans  Longitudinal Studies  Schizophrenia/epidemiology  Child and adolescent psychiatry  bipolar disorder  familial high-risk  psychopathology  schizophrenia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children at familial high-risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have an elevated prevalence of mental disorders but studies of children within a narrow age range are lacking and there are few conjoint studies of these two groups. Knowledge on their mental health is important for prevention and early intervention. METHODS: The authors examined mental disorders and global functioning in children at familial high-risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) and bipolar disorder (FHR-BP) compared with population-based controls. In a longitudinal cohort study, 450 children (FHR-SZ, n=171; FHR-BP, n=104; controls, n=175), were assessed for Axis I disorders at baseline and four-year follow-up (mean age 11.9, SD 0.2) with the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children and for global functioning with Children's Global Assessment Scale. RESULTS: Cumulative incidence of Any Axis I disorder was elevated by age 11 in children at FHR-SZ (54.4%, OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.9-4.7, p<.001) and children at FHR-BP (52.9%, OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.7-4.7, p<.001) compared with controls (28.6%). Children at FHR-SZ and FHR-BP had higher rates of affective disorders (OR 4.4, 95% CI 1.4-13.5, p=.009; OR 5.1, 95% CI 1.6-16.4, p=.007), anxiety disorders (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1-4.0, p=.02; OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.5-6.1, p=.002), and stress and adjustment disorders (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.4-7.5, p=.006; OR 5.3, 95% CI 2.2-12.4, p<.001). Disruptive behavior disorders (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.0-7.3, p=.04) and ADHD (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.6-5.3, p<.001) were elevated in children at FHR-SZ. Both FHR groups had lower global functioning than controls. Cumulative incidence of disorders increased equally across the three groups from early childhood to preadolescence and level of functioning did not change differentially. CONCLUSIONS: Children at FHR-SZ and FHR-BP have an elevated prevalence of mental disorders and poorer functioning than controls. Vulnerability in children at FHR manifests early and remains stable throughout childhood. Early attention toward their mental health and identification of those in need of intervention is warranted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13548 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Mental disorders in preadolescent children at familial high-risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder - a four-year follow-up study: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study, VIA 11: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study, VIA 11 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maja GREGERSEN, Auteur ; Anne SØNDERGAARD, Auteur ; Julie Marie BRANDT, Auteur ; Ditte ELLERSGAARD, Auteur ; Sinnika Birkehoj ROHD, Auteur ; Carsten HJORTHØJ, Auteur ; Jessica OHLAND, Auteur ; Mette Falkenberg KRANTZ, Auteur ; Martin WILMS, Auteur ; Anna Krogh ANDREASSEN, Auteur ; Christina Bruun KNUDSEN, Auteur ; Lotte VEDDUM, Auteur ; Aja GREVE, Auteur ; Vibeke BLIKSTED, Auteur ; Ole MORS, Auteur ; Lars CLEMMENSEN, Auteur ; Jens Richardt MØLLEGAARD JEPSEN, Auteur ; Merete NORDENTOFT, Auteur ; Nicoline HEMAGER, Auteur ; Anne Amalie Elgaard THORUP, Auteur . - p.1046-1056. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1046-1056 Mots-clés : Bipolar Disorder/epidemiology  Child  Child, Preschool  Denmark/epidemiology  Follow-Up Studies  Humans  Longitudinal Studies  Schizophrenia/epidemiology  Child and adolescent psychiatry  bipolar disorder  familial high-risk  psychopathology  schizophrenia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children at familial high-risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have an elevated prevalence of mental disorders but studies of children within a narrow age range are lacking and there are few conjoint studies of these two groups. Knowledge on their mental health is important for prevention and early intervention. METHODS: The authors examined mental disorders and global functioning in children at familial high-risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) and bipolar disorder (FHR-BP) compared with population-based controls. In a longitudinal cohort study, 450 children (FHR-SZ, n=171; FHR-BP, n=104; controls, n=175), were assessed for Axis I disorders at baseline and four-year follow-up (mean age 11.9, SD 0.2) with the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children and for global functioning with Children's Global Assessment Scale. RESULTS: Cumulative incidence of Any Axis I disorder was elevated by age 11 in children at FHR-SZ (54.4%, OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.9-4.7, p<.001) and children at FHR-BP (52.9%, OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.7-4.7, p<.001) compared with controls (28.6%). Children at FHR-SZ and FHR-BP had higher rates of affective disorders (OR 4.4, 95% CI 1.4-13.5, p=.009; OR 5.1, 95% CI 1.6-16.4, p=.007), anxiety disorders (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1-4.0, p=.02; OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.5-6.1, p=.002), and stress and adjustment disorders (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.4-7.5, p=.006; OR 5.3, 95% CI 2.2-12.4, p<.001). Disruptive behavior disorders (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.0-7.3, p=.04) and ADHD (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.6-5.3, p<.001) were elevated in children at FHR-SZ. Both FHR groups had lower global functioning than controls. Cumulative incidence of disorders increased equally across the three groups from early childhood to preadolescence and level of functioning did not change differentially. CONCLUSIONS: Children at FHR-SZ and FHR-BP have an elevated prevalence of mental disorders and poorer functioning than controls. Vulnerability in children at FHR manifests early and remains stable throughout childhood. Early attention toward their mental health and identification of those in need of intervention is warranted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13548 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Altered theta-beta ratio in infancy associates with family history of ADHD and later ADHD-relevant temperamental traits / Jannath BEGUM-ALI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1057-1067 Titre : Altered theta-beta ratio in infancy associates with family history of ADHD and later ADHD-relevant temperamental traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Amy GOODWIN, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1057-1067 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Electroencephalography  Female  Humans  Infant  Male  Prospective Studies  Theta Rhythm  Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  infancy  theta-beta ratio Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Uncovering the neural mechanisms that underlie symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) requires studying brain development prior to the emergence of behavioural difficulties. One new approach to this is prospective studies of infants with an elevated likelihood of developing ADHD. METHODS: We used a prospective design to examine an oscillatory electroencephalography profile that has been widely studied in both children and adults with ADHD - the balance between lower and higher frequencies operationalised as the theta-beta ratio (TBR). In the present study, we examined TBR in 136 10-month-old infants (72 male and 64 female) with/without an elevated likelihood of developing ADHD and/or a comparison disorder (Autism Spectrum Disorder; ASD). RESULTS: Infants with a first-degree relative with ADHD demonstrated lower TBR than infants without a first-degree relative with ADHD. Further, lower TBR at 10months was positively associated with temperament dimensions conceptually related to ADHD at 2years. TBR was not altered in infants with a family history of ASD. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first demonstration that alterations in TBR are present prior to behavioural symptoms of ADHD. However, these alterations manifest differently than those sometimes observed in older children with an ADHD diagnosis. Importantly, altered TBR was not seen in infants at elevated likelihood of developing ASD, suggesting a degree of specificity to ADHD. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that there are brain changes associated with a family history of ADHD observable in the first year of life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13563 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Altered theta-beta ratio in infancy associates with family history of ADHD and later ADHD-relevant temperamental traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Amy GOODWIN, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur . - p.1057-1067. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1057-1067 Mots-clés : Adult  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Electroencephalography  Female  Humans  Infant  Male  Prospective Studies  Theta Rhythm  Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  infancy  theta-beta ratio Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Uncovering the neural mechanisms that underlie symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) requires studying brain development prior to the emergence of behavioural difficulties. One new approach to this is prospective studies of infants with an elevated likelihood of developing ADHD. METHODS: We used a prospective design to examine an oscillatory electroencephalography profile that has been widely studied in both children and adults with ADHD - the balance between lower and higher frequencies operationalised as the theta-beta ratio (TBR). In the present study, we examined TBR in 136 10-month-old infants (72 male and 64 female) with/without an elevated likelihood of developing ADHD and/or a comparison disorder (Autism Spectrum Disorder; ASD). RESULTS: Infants with a first-degree relative with ADHD demonstrated lower TBR than infants without a first-degree relative with ADHD. Further, lower TBR at 10months was positively associated with temperament dimensions conceptually related to ADHD at 2years. TBR was not altered in infants with a family history of ASD. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first demonstration that alterations in TBR are present prior to behavioural symptoms of ADHD. However, these alterations manifest differently than those sometimes observed in older children with an ADHD diagnosis. Importantly, altered TBR was not seen in infants at elevated likelihood of developing ASD, suggesting a degree of specificity to ADHD. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that there are brain changes associated with a family history of ADHD observable in the first year of life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13563 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Pupil size and pupillary light reflex in early infancy: heritability and link to genetic liability to schizophrenia / Ana Maria PORTUGAL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1068-1077 Titre : Pupil size and pupillary light reflex in early infancy: heritability and link to genetic liability to schizophrenia Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ana Maria PORTUGAL, Auteur ; Mark J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Charlotte VIKTORSSON, Auteur ; Pär NYSTROM, Auteur ; Danyang LI, Auteur ; Kristiina TAMMIMIES, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Terje FALCK-YTTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1068-1077 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Depressive Disorder, Major  Humans  Infant  Pupil/physiology  Reflex, Pupillary/physiology  Schizophrenia/genetics  Pupillometry  infancy  polygenic risk scores  pupillary light reflex  schizophrenia  twin design Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Measures based on pupillometry, such as the pupillary light reflex (PLR) and baseline pupil size, reflect physiological responses linked to specific neural circuits that have been implicated as atypical in some psychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions. METHODS: We investigated the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the baseline pupil size and the PLR in 510 infant twins assessed at 5months of age (281 monozygotic and 229 dizygotic pairs), and its associations with common genetic variants associated with neurodevelopmental (autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and mental health (bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder and schizophrenia) conditions using genome-wide polygenic scores (GPSs). RESULTS: Univariate twin modelling showed high heritability at 5months for both pupil size (h(2) =.64) and constriction in response to light (h(2) =.62), and bivariate twin modeling indicated substantial independence between the genetic factors influencing each (r(G) =.38). A statistically significant positive association between infant tonic pupil size and the GPS for schizophrenia was found (Î2=.15, p=.024), while there was no significant association with the GPS for autism or any other GPSs. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that some pupil measures are highly heritable in early infancy, although substantially independent in their genetic etiologies, and associated with common genetic variants linked to schizophrenia. It illustrates how genetically informed studies of infants may help us understand early physiological responses associated with psychiatric disorders which emerge much later in life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13564 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Pupil size and pupillary light reflex in early infancy: heritability and link to genetic liability to schizophrenia [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ana Maria PORTUGAL, Auteur ; Mark J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Charlotte VIKTORSSON, Auteur ; Pär NYSTROM, Auteur ; Danyang LI, Auteur ; Kristiina TAMMIMIES, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Terje FALCK-YTTER, Auteur . - p.1068-1077. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1068-1077 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Depressive Disorder, Major  Humans  Infant  Pupil/physiology  Reflex, Pupillary/physiology  Schizophrenia/genetics  Pupillometry  infancy  polygenic risk scores  pupillary light reflex  schizophrenia  twin design Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Measures based on pupillometry, such as the pupillary light reflex (PLR) and baseline pupil size, reflect physiological responses linked to specific neural circuits that have been implicated as atypical in some psychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions. METHODS: We investigated the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the baseline pupil size and the PLR in 510 infant twins assessed at 5months of age (281 monozygotic and 229 dizygotic pairs), and its associations with common genetic variants associated with neurodevelopmental (autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and mental health (bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder and schizophrenia) conditions using genome-wide polygenic scores (GPSs). RESULTS: Univariate twin modelling showed high heritability at 5months for both pupil size (h(2) =.64) and constriction in response to light (h(2) =.62), and bivariate twin modeling indicated substantial independence between the genetic factors influencing each (r(G) =.38). A statistically significant positive association between infant tonic pupil size and the GPS for schizophrenia was found (Î2=.15, p=.024), while there was no significant association with the GPS for autism or any other GPSs. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that some pupil measures are highly heritable in early infancy, although substantially independent in their genetic etiologies, and associated with common genetic variants linked to schizophrenia. It illustrates how genetically informed studies of infants may help us understand early physiological responses associated with psychiatric disorders which emerge much later in life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13564 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Risk factors for nonfatal self-harm and suicide among adolescents: two nested case-control studies conducted in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink / Lukasz CYBULSKI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1078-1088 Titre : Risk factors for nonfatal self-harm and suicide among adolescents: two nested case-control studies conducted in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lukasz CYBULSKI, Auteur ; Darren M. ASHCROFT, Auteur ; Matthew J. CARR, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Carolyn A. CHEW-GRAHAM, Auteur ; Nav KAPUR, Auteur ; Roger T. WEBB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1078-1088 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Case-Control Studies  Female  Humans  Male  Risk Factors  Self-Injurious Behavior/epidemiology/psychology  Suicide/prevention & control  United Kingdom/epidemiology  Adolescence  case-control  self-harm  suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The characteristics of adolescents who die by suicide have hitherto been examined in uncontrolled study designs, thereby precluding examination of risk factors. The degree to which antecedents of nonfatal self-harm and suicide at young age differ remains unknown. METHOD: We delineated two nested case-control studies of patients aged 10-19years using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink with interlinked hospital and national mortality records. Cases were adolescents who between 1st January 2003 and 31st December 2018 had died from suicide (N=324) - study 1; experienced their first self-harm episode (N=56,008) - study 2. In both studies, cases were matched on sex, age and practice-level deprivation quintile to 25 controls. By fitting conditional logistic regression, we examined how risks varied according to psychiatric diagnoses, prescribed psychotropic medication, patterns of clinical contact and area-level deprivation. RESULTS: Suicides occurred more often among boys (66%), but self-harm was more common in girls (68%). Most individuals who self-harmed or died from suicide presented to their GP at least once in the preceding year (85% and 75% respectively). Only a third of cases had one of the examined diagnostic categories recorded. Depression was most strongly associated with elevated risks for both outcomes (self-harm: OR 7.9; 95% CI 7.8-8.2; suicide: OR 7.4; 95% CI 5.5-9.9). Except for autism spectrum disorder, all other diagnostic categories were linked with similar risk elevations for self-harm as for suicide. Whilst self-harm risk rose incrementally with increasing levels of area-level deprivation, suicide risks did not. CONCLUSIONS: We observed few marked differences in risk factor profiles for nonfatal self-harm versus suicide. As most adolescents who had harmed themselves or died by suicide were known to services in the preceding year, their underlying pathology may not be adequately identified and treated. Our findings highlight the need for a multiagency approach to treatment and prevention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13552 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Risk factors for nonfatal self-harm and suicide among adolescents: two nested case-control studies conducted in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lukasz CYBULSKI, Auteur ; Darren M. ASHCROFT, Auteur ; Matthew J. CARR, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Carolyn A. CHEW-GRAHAM, Auteur ; Nav KAPUR, Auteur ; Roger T. WEBB, Auteur . - p.1078-1088. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1078-1088 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Case-Control Studies  Female  Humans  Male  Risk Factors  Self-Injurious Behavior/epidemiology/psychology  Suicide/prevention & control  United Kingdom/epidemiology  Adolescence  case-control  self-harm  suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The characteristics of adolescents who die by suicide have hitherto been examined in uncontrolled study designs, thereby precluding examination of risk factors. The degree to which antecedents of nonfatal self-harm and suicide at young age differ remains unknown. METHOD: We delineated two nested case-control studies of patients aged 10-19years using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink with interlinked hospital and national mortality records. Cases were adolescents who between 1st January 2003 and 31st December 2018 had died from suicide (N=324) - study 1; experienced their first self-harm episode (N=56,008) - study 2. In both studies, cases were matched on sex, age and practice-level deprivation quintile to 25 controls. By fitting conditional logistic regression, we examined how risks varied according to psychiatric diagnoses, prescribed psychotropic medication, patterns of clinical contact and area-level deprivation. RESULTS: Suicides occurred more often among boys (66%), but self-harm was more common in girls (68%). Most individuals who self-harmed or died from suicide presented to their GP at least once in the preceding year (85% and 75% respectively). Only a third of cases had one of the examined diagnostic categories recorded. Depression was most strongly associated with elevated risks for both outcomes (self-harm: OR 7.9; 95% CI 7.8-8.2; suicide: OR 7.4; 95% CI 5.5-9.9). Except for autism spectrum disorder, all other diagnostic categories were linked with similar risk elevations for self-harm as for suicide. Whilst self-harm risk rose incrementally with increasing levels of area-level deprivation, suicide risks did not. CONCLUSIONS: We observed few marked differences in risk factor profiles for nonfatal self-harm versus suicide. As most adolescents who had harmed themselves or died by suicide were known to services in the preceding year, their underlying pathology may not be adequately identified and treated. Our findings highlight the need for a multiagency approach to treatment and prevention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13552 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Commentary: Suicide risk is high, but often overlooked, in autistic spectrum disorder populations / Luke CURTIS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1089-1091 Titre : Commentary: Suicide risk is high, but often overlooked, in autistic spectrum disorder populations Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Luke CURTIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1089-1091 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Anxiety  Anxiety Disorders  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology  Humans  Suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Self-Harm Significantly Higher in Populations with ADHD, Anxiety, ASD, Depression, and Eating Disorders. I appreciated your recent paper on the large and well-matched studies on nonfatal self-harm and suicide among adolescents in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (Cybulski et al. 2021). This large study involved 56,008 self-harm cases and 1,399,356 controls aged 10-19years and reported that many diagnoses were associated with significantly higher rates of self-harm. Compared to controls, the risk of self-harm was significantly higher in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (OR 3.3, 95% CI 3.1-3.4), anxiety disorder (OR 3.8, 95% CI 3.7-3.9), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (OR 2.4, 95% CI 2.3-2.6), depression (OR 7.9, 95% CI 7.8-8.2), and eating disorders (OR 3.1, 95% CI 3.0-3.2) (Cybulski et al. 2021). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13627 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Commentary: Suicide risk is high, but often overlooked, in autistic spectrum disorder populations [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Luke CURTIS, Auteur . - p.1089-1091. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1089-1091 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Anxiety  Anxiety Disorders  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology  Humans  Suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Self-Harm Significantly Higher in Populations with ADHD, Anxiety, ASD, Depression, and Eating Disorders. I appreciated your recent paper on the large and well-matched studies on nonfatal self-harm and suicide among adolescents in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (Cybulski et al. 2021). This large study involved 56,008 self-harm cases and 1,399,356 controls aged 10-19years and reported that many diagnoses were associated with significantly higher rates of self-harm. Compared to controls, the risk of self-harm was significantly higher in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (OR 3.3, 95% CI 3.1-3.4), anxiety disorder (OR 3.8, 95% CI 3.7-3.9), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (OR 2.4, 95% CI 2.3-2.6), depression (OR 7.9, 95% CI 7.8-8.2), and eating disorders (OR 3.1, 95% CI 3.0-3.2) (Cybulski et al. 2021). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13627 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Familial risk and heritability of intellectual disability: a population-based cohort study in Sweden / Paul LICHTENSTEIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1092-1102 Titre : Familial risk and heritability of intellectual disability: a population-based cohort study in Sweden Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Magnus TIDEMAN, Auteur ; Patrick F. SULLIVAN, Auteur ; Eva SERLACHIUS, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Agnieszka BUTWICKA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1092-1102 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child  Cohort Studies  Genetic Predisposition to Disease  Humans  Intellectual Disability/epidemiology/genetics  Male  Registries  Risk Factors  Sweden/epidemiology  Intellectual disability  family factors  genetics  siblings  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Intellectual disability (ID) aggregates in families, but factors affecting individual risk and heritability estimates remain unknown. METHODS: A population-based family cohort study of 4,165,785 individuals born 1973-2013 in Sweden, including 37,787 ID individuals and their relatives. The relative risks (RR) of ID with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were obtained from stratified Cox proportional-hazards models. Relatives of ID individuals were compared to relatives of unaffected individuals. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate heritability. RESULTS: Relatives of ID individuals were at increased risk of ID compared to individuals with unaffected relatives. The RR of ID among relatives increased proportionally to the degree of genetic relatedness with ID probands; 256.70(95% CI 161.30-408.53) for monozygotic twins, 16.47(13.32-20.38) for parents, 14.88(12.19-18.16) for children, 7.04(4.67-10.61) for dizygotic twins, 8.38(7.97-8.83) for full siblings, 4.56(4.02-5.16) for maternal, 2.90(2.49-3.37) for paternal half-siblings, 3.03(2.61-3.50) for nephews/nieces, 2.84(2.45-3.29) for uncles/aunts, and 2.04(1.91-2.20) for cousins. Lower RRs were observed for siblings of probands with chromosomal abnormalities (RR 5.53, 4.74-6.46) and more severe ID (mild RR 9.15, 8.55-9.78, moderate RR 8.13, 7.28-9.08, severe RR 6.80, 5.74-8.07, and profound RR 5.88, 4.52-7.65). Male sex of relative and maternal line of relationship with proband was related to higher risk (RR 1.33, 1.25-1.41 for brothers vs. sisters and RR 1.49, 1.34-1.68 for maternal vs. paternal half-siblings). ID was substantially heritable with 0.95(95% CI 0.93-0.98) of the variance in liability attributed to genetic influences. CONCLUSIONS: The risk estimates will benefit researchers, clinicians, families in understanding the risk of ID in the family and the whole population. The higher risk of ID related to male sex and maternal linage will be of value for planning and interpreting etiological studies in ID. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13560 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Familial risk and heritability of intellectual disability: a population-based cohort study in Sweden [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Magnus TIDEMAN, Auteur ; Patrick F. SULLIVAN, Auteur ; Eva SERLACHIUS, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Agnieszka BUTWICKA, Auteur . - p.1092-1102. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1092-1102 Mots-clés : Child  Cohort Studies  Genetic Predisposition to Disease  Humans  Intellectual Disability/epidemiology/genetics  Male  Registries  Risk Factors  Sweden/epidemiology  Intellectual disability  family factors  genetics  siblings  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Intellectual disability (ID) aggregates in families, but factors affecting individual risk and heritability estimates remain unknown. METHODS: A population-based family cohort study of 4,165,785 individuals born 1973-2013 in Sweden, including 37,787 ID individuals and their relatives. The relative risks (RR) of ID with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were obtained from stratified Cox proportional-hazards models. Relatives of ID individuals were compared to relatives of unaffected individuals. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate heritability. RESULTS: Relatives of ID individuals were at increased risk of ID compared to individuals with unaffected relatives. The RR of ID among relatives increased proportionally to the degree of genetic relatedness with ID probands; 256.70(95% CI 161.30-408.53) for monozygotic twins, 16.47(13.32-20.38) for parents, 14.88(12.19-18.16) for children, 7.04(4.67-10.61) for dizygotic twins, 8.38(7.97-8.83) for full siblings, 4.56(4.02-5.16) for maternal, 2.90(2.49-3.37) for paternal half-siblings, 3.03(2.61-3.50) for nephews/nieces, 2.84(2.45-3.29) for uncles/aunts, and 2.04(1.91-2.20) for cousins. Lower RRs were observed for siblings of probands with chromosomal abnormalities (RR 5.53, 4.74-6.46) and more severe ID (mild RR 9.15, 8.55-9.78, moderate RR 8.13, 7.28-9.08, severe RR 6.80, 5.74-8.07, and profound RR 5.88, 4.52-7.65). Male sex of relative and maternal line of relationship with proband was related to higher risk (RR 1.33, 1.25-1.41 for brothers vs. sisters and RR 1.49, 1.34-1.68 for maternal vs. paternal half-siblings). ID was substantially heritable with 0.95(95% CI 0.93-0.98) of the variance in liability attributed to genetic influences. CONCLUSIONS: The risk estimates will benefit researchers, clinicians, families in understanding the risk of ID in the family and the whole population. The higher risk of ID related to male sex and maternal linage will be of value for planning and interpreting etiological studies in ID. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13560 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Commentary: The origins of intellectual disability / Robert PLOMIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1103-1105 Titre : Commentary: The origins of intellectual disability Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Robert PLOMIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1103-1105 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Intellectual Disability/epidemiology/genetics  Risk  Twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the importance and prevalence of intellectual disability (ID), its origins have not been well understood until now. Lichtenstein et al. report in this issue findings from a population-based sample four times larger than all previous family studies of ID put together (Lichtenstein et al., 2022). From more than four million people, 37,787 individuals were identified with ID. Relative risks (RRs) are reported for relatives of ID probands (55,000 first-degree, 55,000second-degree, and 170,000 third-degree) as compared with matched relatives of individuals without ID. These relatives plus 400 pairs of twins in which at least one twin was diagnosed with ID yield an astonishing estimate of 95% heritability with no evidence for shared environmental influence in their model. Another important finding is that maternal half-siblings of ID individuals were at greater risk than paternal half-siblings, a maternal effect that could indicate X-chromosome linkage. Finally, profound and severe ID is etiologically distinct from the normal distribution, due in part to noninherited (de novo) genetic mutations and chromosomal abnormalities. However, 90% of individuals with ID are moderate or mild, and these represent the low end of the normal distribution of genetic influence on cognitive ability, which has important implications for DNA research on ID. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13591 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Commentary: The origins of intellectual disability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Robert PLOMIN, Auteur . - p.1103-1105. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1103-1105 Mots-clés : Humans  Intellectual Disability/epidemiology/genetics  Risk  Twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the importance and prevalence of intellectual disability (ID), its origins have not been well understood until now. Lichtenstein et al. report in this issue findings from a population-based sample four times larger than all previous family studies of ID put together (Lichtenstein et al., 2022). From more than four million people, 37,787 individuals were identified with ID. Relative risks (RRs) are reported for relatives of ID probands (55,000 first-degree, 55,000second-degree, and 170,000 third-degree) as compared with matched relatives of individuals without ID. These relatives plus 400 pairs of twins in which at least one twin was diagnosed with ID yield an astonishing estimate of 95% heritability with no evidence for shared environmental influence in their model. Another important finding is that maternal half-siblings of ID individuals were at greater risk than paternal half-siblings, a maternal effect that could indicate X-chromosome linkage. Finally, profound and severe ID is etiologically distinct from the normal distribution, due in part to noninherited (de novo) genetic mutations and chromosomal abnormalities. However, 90% of individuals with ID are moderate or mild, and these represent the low end of the normal distribution of genetic influence on cognitive ability, which has important implications for DNA research on ID. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13591 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486