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Clinical Outcomes of Behavioral Treatments for Pica in Children with Developmental Disabilities / Nathan A. CALL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-7 (July 2015)
[article]
Titre : Clinical Outcomes of Behavioral Treatments for Pica in Children with Developmental Disabilities Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nathan A. CALL, Auteur ; Christina A. SIMMONS, Auteur ; Joanna E. LOMAS MEVERS, Auteur ; Jessica P. ALVAREZ, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p.2105-2114 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Pica Behavioral treatment Behavior analysis Clinical outcomes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Pica is a potentially deadly form of self-injurious behavior most frequently exhibited by individuals with developmental and intellectual disabilities. Research indicates that pica can be decreased with behavioral interventions; however, the existing literature reflects treatment effects for small samples (n = 1–4) and the overall success of such treatments is not well-understood. This study quantified the overall effect size by examining treatment data from all patients seen for treatment of pica at an intensive day-treatment clinical setting (n = 11), irrespective of treatment success. Results demonstrate that behavioral interventions are highly effective treatments for pica, as determined by the large effect size for individual participants (i.e., NAP scores ? .70) and large overall treatment effect size (Cohen’s d = 1.80). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2375-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=261
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-7 (July 2015) . - p.2105-2114[article] Clinical Outcomes of Behavioral Treatments for Pica in Children with Developmental Disabilities [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nathan A. CALL, Auteur ; Christina A. SIMMONS, Auteur ; Joanna E. LOMAS MEVERS, Auteur ; Jessica P. ALVAREZ, Auteur . - 2015 . - p.2105-2114.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-7 (July 2015) . - p.2105-2114
Mots-clés : Pica Behavioral treatment Behavior analysis Clinical outcomes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Pica is a potentially deadly form of self-injurious behavior most frequently exhibited by individuals with developmental and intellectual disabilities. Research indicates that pica can be decreased with behavioral interventions; however, the existing literature reflects treatment effects for small samples (n = 1–4) and the overall success of such treatments is not well-understood. This study quantified the overall effect size by examining treatment data from all patients seen for treatment of pica at an intensive day-treatment clinical setting (n = 11), irrespective of treatment success. Results demonstrate that behavioral interventions are highly effective treatments for pica, as determined by the large effect size for individual participants (i.e., NAP scores ? .70) and large overall treatment effect size (Cohen’s d = 1.80). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2375-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=261 Examining the phenotypic heterogeneity of early autism spectrum disorder: subtypes and short-term outcomes / So Hyun KIM in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)
[article]
Titre : Examining the phenotypic heterogeneity of early autism spectrum disorder: subtypes and short-term outcomes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : So Hyun KIM, Auteur ; Suzanne MACARI, Auteur ; Judah KOLLER, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.93-102 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD toddlers diagnosis clinical outcomes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Phenotypic heterogeneity among toddlers presenting with ASD symptoms complicates diagnostic considerations and limits our ability to predict long-term outcomes. To address this concern, we sought to identify more homogeneous subgroups within ASD based on toddlers’ clinical profiles in the second year of life, evaluating diagnostic stability and clinical outcomes within the subgroups 1–2 years later. Methods One hundred toddlers referred for suspected ASD underwent comprehensive assessments at 22 months (SD = 3) and 37 months (SD = 4). At 22 months, they were clustered based on symptom severity, developmental skills, and adaptive functioning. Diagnostic stability and clinical outcomes were evaluated within the clusters. Results Four clusters characterized by distinct clinical profiles at the time of the first diagnosis were identified. Diagnostic stability was excellent in 3 out of 4 clusters (93%–100%) and was lowest in the initially least affected cluster (85%). Autism symptom severity was stable, except for one group where it increased over time (16% of the sample). A large proportion of toddlers showed significant improvements in verbal and communication skills. Only a small group (17%) exhibited very low levels of functioning and limited gains over time. Conclusions Diagnostic stability and developmental progression from the second to third year of life in toddlers with ASD vary depending on their initial early profiles of relative strengths and deficits. Although a small minority of toddlers with more complex clinical presentations may not retain their diagnoses by the age of three, most children continue to exhibit symptoms of autism. Despite limited improvements in symptom severity, many children show significant gains in verbal functioning. Only a small proportion of children (17%) exhibit very limited gains despite intensive intervention. These findings support continued efforts to examine determinants of developmental trajectories including factors mediating and moderating response to treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12448 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.93-102[article] Examining the phenotypic heterogeneity of early autism spectrum disorder: subtypes and short-term outcomes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / So Hyun KIM, Auteur ; Suzanne MACARI, Auteur ; Judah KOLLER, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur . - p.93-102.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.93-102
Mots-clés : ASD toddlers diagnosis clinical outcomes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Phenotypic heterogeneity among toddlers presenting with ASD symptoms complicates diagnostic considerations and limits our ability to predict long-term outcomes. To address this concern, we sought to identify more homogeneous subgroups within ASD based on toddlers’ clinical profiles in the second year of life, evaluating diagnostic stability and clinical outcomes within the subgroups 1–2 years later. Methods One hundred toddlers referred for suspected ASD underwent comprehensive assessments at 22 months (SD = 3) and 37 months (SD = 4). At 22 months, they were clustered based on symptom severity, developmental skills, and adaptive functioning. Diagnostic stability and clinical outcomes were evaluated within the clusters. Results Four clusters characterized by distinct clinical profiles at the time of the first diagnosis were identified. Diagnostic stability was excellent in 3 out of 4 clusters (93%–100%) and was lowest in the initially least affected cluster (85%). Autism symptom severity was stable, except for one group where it increased over time (16% of the sample). A large proportion of toddlers showed significant improvements in verbal and communication skills. Only a small group (17%) exhibited very low levels of functioning and limited gains over time. Conclusions Diagnostic stability and developmental progression from the second to third year of life in toddlers with ASD vary depending on their initial early profiles of relative strengths and deficits. Although a small minority of toddlers with more complex clinical presentations may not retain their diagnoses by the age of three, most children continue to exhibit symptoms of autism. Despite limited improvements in symptom severity, many children show significant gains in verbal functioning. Only a small proportion of children (17%) exhibit very limited gains despite intensive intervention. These findings support continued efforts to examine determinants of developmental trajectories including factors mediating and moderating response to treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12448 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 Mid-childhood outcomes of infant siblings at familial high-risk of autism spectrum disorder / Elizabeth SHEPHARD in Autism Research, 10-3 (March 2017)
[article]
Titre : Mid-childhood outcomes of infant siblings at familial high-risk of autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elizabeth SHEPHARD, Auteur ; Bosiljka MILOSAVLJEVIC, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur ; Teodora GLIGA, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; THE BASIS TEAM,, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.546-557 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : high-risk siblings clinical outcomes ADHD anxiety broader autism phenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Almost 20% of infants with an older sibling with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit ASD themselves by age 3 years. The longer-term outcomes of high-risk infants are less clear. We examined symptoms of ASD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety, language, IQ, and adaptive behaviour at age 7 years in high- and low-risk children prospectively studied since the first year of life. Clinical outcomes were compared between high-risk children who met diagnostic criteria for ASD at age 7 (HR-ASD-7 group, n = 15), high-risk children without ASD (HR-Non-ASD-7 group, n = 24), and low-risk control children (LR group, n = 37). Diagnostic stability between age 3 and 7 years was moderate, with five children who did not meet diagnostic criteria for ASD at age 3 years being assigned the diagnosis at age 7, and three children showing the opposite pattern. The HR-ASD-7 group showed elevated ADHD and anxiety symptoms and had lower adaptive behaviour scores than LR controls. The HR-Non-ASD-7 group had higher repetitive behaviour, lower adaptive functioning and elevated scores on one anxiety subscale (Separation Anxiety) compared to LR controls, but evidence for subclinical ASD symptoms (the broader autism phenotype, BAP) was limited in the group as a whole, although we identified a subgroup with elevated ASD traits. The difficulties experienced by high-risk siblings at school-age extend beyond ASD symptoms. The pattern of difficulties exhibited by the HR-ASD-7 group may inform our understanding of developmental trajectories of co-occurring psychopathology in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1733 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=304
in Autism Research > 10-3 (March 2017) . - p.546-557[article] Mid-childhood outcomes of infant siblings at familial high-risk of autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elizabeth SHEPHARD, Auteur ; Bosiljka MILOSAVLJEVIC, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur ; Teodora GLIGA, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; THE BASIS TEAM,, Auteur . - p.546-557.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 10-3 (March 2017) . - p.546-557
Mots-clés : high-risk siblings clinical outcomes ADHD anxiety broader autism phenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Almost 20% of infants with an older sibling with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit ASD themselves by age 3 years. The longer-term outcomes of high-risk infants are less clear. We examined symptoms of ASD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety, language, IQ, and adaptive behaviour at age 7 years in high- and low-risk children prospectively studied since the first year of life. Clinical outcomes were compared between high-risk children who met diagnostic criteria for ASD at age 7 (HR-ASD-7 group, n = 15), high-risk children without ASD (HR-Non-ASD-7 group, n = 24), and low-risk control children (LR group, n = 37). Diagnostic stability between age 3 and 7 years was moderate, with five children who did not meet diagnostic criteria for ASD at age 3 years being assigned the diagnosis at age 7, and three children showing the opposite pattern. The HR-ASD-7 group showed elevated ADHD and anxiety symptoms and had lower adaptive behaviour scores than LR controls. The HR-Non-ASD-7 group had higher repetitive behaviour, lower adaptive functioning and elevated scores on one anxiety subscale (Separation Anxiety) compared to LR controls, but evidence for subclinical ASD symptoms (the broader autism phenotype, BAP) was limited in the group as a whole, although we identified a subgroup with elevated ASD traits. The difficulties experienced by high-risk siblings at school-age extend beyond ASD symptoms. The pattern of difficulties exhibited by the HR-ASD-7 group may inform our understanding of developmental trajectories of co-occurring psychopathology in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1733 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=304 Editorial Commentary: Resilience in child development – interconnected pathways to wellbeing / Catherine PANTER-BRICK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-4 (April 2013)
[article]
Titre : Editorial Commentary: Resilience in child development – interconnected pathways to wellbeing Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine PANTER-BRICK, Auteur ; James F. LECKMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.333-336 Mots-clés : Resilience neurobiology social environment care pathways trauma public policy clinical outcomes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Resilience offers the promise of a paradigm shift in many fields of research, clinical practice, and policy. A lens on resilience shifts the focus of attention – from concerted efforts to appraise risk or vulnerability, towards concerted efforts to enhance strength or capability. It also shifts the focus of analysis – from asking relatively limited questions regarding health outcomes, such as what are the linkages between risk exposures and functional deficits, to asking more complex questions regarding wellbeing, such as when, how, why and for whom do resources truly matter. Thus we might ask when interventions are most effective, within the time frame of human development and evolutionary life history; and how do we best measure pathways of human experience, to uncover ways in which individuals and communities withstand adversity. To many, resilience is an intuitive, albeit opaque, concept – akin to fortitude in the face of adversity. We may have an intuitive grasp of what resilience means, but fall short of measuring it comprehensively and meaningfully (the same is true of risk). This Annual Research Review issue features ten articles from leaders in the field on how resilience can transform the field of child development. Each articulates important lessons on resilience some of which we editors wish to summarize at the outset. First, resilience is best understood as a process that unfolds over the course of development; consequently, we seek to understand human experience of adversity as pathways of risk and resilience. Second, research on resilience focuses attention on the biological and social trade-offs in human experience: issues of timing, process, and context to understand change or adaptability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12057 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=194
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-4 (April 2013) . - p.333-336[article] Editorial Commentary: Resilience in child development – interconnected pathways to wellbeing [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine PANTER-BRICK, Auteur ; James F. LECKMAN, Auteur . - p.333-336.
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-4 (April 2013) . - p.333-336
Mots-clés : Resilience neurobiology social environment care pathways trauma public policy clinical outcomes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Resilience offers the promise of a paradigm shift in many fields of research, clinical practice, and policy. A lens on resilience shifts the focus of attention – from concerted efforts to appraise risk or vulnerability, towards concerted efforts to enhance strength or capability. It also shifts the focus of analysis – from asking relatively limited questions regarding health outcomes, such as what are the linkages between risk exposures and functional deficits, to asking more complex questions regarding wellbeing, such as when, how, why and for whom do resources truly matter. Thus we might ask when interventions are most effective, within the time frame of human development and evolutionary life history; and how do we best measure pathways of human experience, to uncover ways in which individuals and communities withstand adversity. To many, resilience is an intuitive, albeit opaque, concept – akin to fortitude in the face of adversity. We may have an intuitive grasp of what resilience means, but fall short of measuring it comprehensively and meaningfully (the same is true of risk). This Annual Research Review issue features ten articles from leaders in the field on how resilience can transform the field of child development. Each articulates important lessons on resilience some of which we editors wish to summarize at the outset. First, resilience is best understood as a process that unfolds over the course of development; consequently, we seek to understand human experience of adversity as pathways of risk and resilience. Second, research on resilience focuses attention on the biological and social trade-offs in human experience: issues of timing, process, and context to understand change or adaptability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12057 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=194