Audiometric Profiles in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Does Subclinical Hearing Loss Impact Communication? / Carly DEMOPOULOS in Autism Research, 9-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 9-1 (January 2016) . - p.107-120 Titre : Audiometric Profiles in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Does Subclinical Hearing Loss Impact Communication? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Carly DEMOPOULOS, Auteur ; Jeffrey D. LEWINE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.107-120 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  audiology  communication  hearing  auditory brainstem response Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Rates of hearing impairment in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are higher than those reported in the general population. Although ASD is not caused by hearing impairment, it may exacerbate symptomatology. Participants with ASD (N = 60) and typically developing peers (N = 16) aged 5–18 years underwent a comprehensive audiological screening (pure tone audiometry, uncomfortable loudness level, tympanometry, acoustic reflexes, distortion product otoacoustic emissions, and auditory brainstem response) and assessment of communication abilities (expressive/receptive language, articulation, phonological awareness, and vocal affect recognition). Incidence of abnormal findings on at least one measure of audiological functioning was higher for the ASD group (55%) than controls (14.9%) or the general population estimate (6%). The presence of sound sensitivity was also considerably higher for the ASD group (37%) compared with controls (0%) or general population estimates (8–15%). When participants with ASD were dichotomized into groups with and without evidence of clinical audiological abnormality, no significant differences were identified on measures of communication; however, results of correlational analyses indicated that variability in hearing thresholds at middle range frequencies (2000 Hz) was significantly related to performance on all measures of speech articulation and language after correction for multiple comparisons (r = −0.48 to r = −0.53, P <  0.0045). These findings suggest that dichotomized classification of clinical audiology may not be sufficient to understand the role of subclinical hearing loss in ASD symptomatology and that treatment studies for mild/subclinical hearing loss in this population may be worthwhile. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1495 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282 [article] Audiometric Profiles in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Does Subclinical Hearing Loss Impact Communication? [texte imprimé] / Carly DEMOPOULOS, Auteur ; Jeffrey D. LEWINE, Auteur . - p.107-120. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 9-1 (January 2016) . - p.107-120 Mots-clés : autism  audiology  communication  hearing  auditory brainstem response Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Rates of hearing impairment in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are higher than those reported in the general population. Although ASD is not caused by hearing impairment, it may exacerbate symptomatology. Participants with ASD (N = 60) and typically developing peers (N = 16) aged 5–18 years underwent a comprehensive audiological screening (pure tone audiometry, uncomfortable loudness level, tympanometry, acoustic reflexes, distortion product otoacoustic emissions, and auditory brainstem response) and assessment of communication abilities (expressive/receptive language, articulation, phonological awareness, and vocal affect recognition). Incidence of abnormal findings on at least one measure of audiological functioning was higher for the ASD group (55%) than controls (14.9%) or the general population estimate (6%). The presence of sound sensitivity was also considerably higher for the ASD group (37%) compared with controls (0%) or general population estimates (8–15%). When participants with ASD were dichotomized into groups with and without evidence of clinical audiological abnormality, no significant differences were identified on measures of communication; however, results of correlational analyses indicated that variability in hearing thresholds at middle range frequencies (2000 Hz) was significantly related to performance on all measures of speech articulation and language after correction for multiple comparisons (r = −0.48 to r = −0.53, P <  0.0045). These findings suggest that dichotomized classification of clinical audiology may not be sufficient to understand the role of subclinical hearing loss in ASD symptomatology and that treatment studies for mild/subclinical hearing loss in this population may be worthwhile. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1495 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282

Neural correlates of communication skill and symptom severity in autism: A voxel-based morphometry study / Lauren K. PARKS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 3-2 (April-june 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 3-2 (April-june 2009) . - p.444-454 Titre : Neural correlates of communication skill and symptom severity in autism: A voxel-based morphometry study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lauren K. PARKS, Auteur ; Dina E. HILL, Auteur ; Robert J. THOMA, Auteur ; Matthew J. EULER, Auteur ; Jeffrey D. LEWINE, Auteur ; Ronald A. YEO, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.444-454 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism VBM Communication Severity Heterogeneity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although many studies have compared the brains of normal controls and individuals with autism, especially older, higher-functioning individuals with autism, little is known of the neural correlates of the vast clinical heterogeneity characteristic of the disorder. In this study, we used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to examine gray matter correlates of variation in communication skill and symptom severity within a heterogeneous group of 33 children with autism ranging in age from 3.4 to 11.4 years. Greater gray matter (GM) volume was associated with better communication skills in numerous frontal regions, especially in the left middle frontal gyrus. Further, greater GM volume in the right inferior frontal gyrus was associated with reduced severity of symptoms of autism. However, increased total GM volume was correlated with more severe symptoms of autism at a trend level, consistent with other studies, suggesting that while increased total GM volume is generally predictive of greater autistic severity, specific local increases in GM volume result in a reduction in symptoms. Our results suggest that communication and symptom severity have distinct neuroanatomic correlates and draw attention to the importance of studying the neuroanatomy of clinical heterogeneity within the autistic population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2008.09.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=709 [article] Neural correlates of communication skill and symptom severity in autism: A voxel-based morphometry study [texte imprimé] / Lauren K. PARKS, Auteur ; Dina E. HILL, Auteur ; Robert J. THOMA, Auteur ; Matthew J. EULER, Auteur ; Jeffrey D. LEWINE, Auteur ; Ronald A. YEO, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.444-454. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 3-2 (April-june 2009) . - p.444-454 Mots-clés : Autism VBM Communication Severity Heterogeneity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although many studies have compared the brains of normal controls and individuals with autism, especially older, higher-functioning individuals with autism, little is known of the neural correlates of the vast clinical heterogeneity characteristic of the disorder. In this study, we used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to examine gray matter correlates of variation in communication skill and symptom severity within a heterogeneous group of 33 children with autism ranging in age from 3.4 to 11.4 years. Greater gray matter (GM) volume was associated with better communication skills in numerous frontal regions, especially in the left middle frontal gyrus. Further, greater GM volume in the right inferior frontal gyrus was associated with reduced severity of symptoms of autism. However, increased total GM volume was correlated with more severe symptoms of autism at a trend level, consistent with other studies, suggesting that while increased total GM volume is generally predictive of greater autistic severity, specific local increases in GM volume result in a reduction in symptoms. Our results suggest that communication and symptom severity have distinct neuroanatomic correlates and draw attention to the importance of studying the neuroanatomy of clinical heterogeneity within the autistic population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2008.09.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=709

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