Colour perception in ADHD / Tobias BANASCHEWSKI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-6 (June 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-6 (June 2006) . - p.568–572 Titre : Colour perception in ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Sinje RUPPERT, Auteur ; Rosemary TANNOCK, Auteur ; Björn ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Andreas BECKER, Auteur ; Henrik UEBEL, Auteur ; Joseph A. SERGEANT, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.568–572 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Colour-vision attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder dopamine Stroop-Colour-Word-test Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with unexplained impairments on speeded naming of coloured stimuli. These deficits may reflect hypofunctioning retinal dopaminergic mechanisms impairing particularly blue–yellow colour discrimination. Colour perception and rapid colour naming ability were investigated in 14 children with ADHD and 13 healthy peers matched for age, gender, and IQ, using the Farnsworth–Munsell 100 Hue Test (FMT) and the Stroop-Colour-Word test. Children with ADHD committed more errors on the FMT, particularly on discrimination of colours along the blue–yellow axis, and were slower on Stroop subtests involving colour naming. However, the latter deficit was accounted for similarly by blue–yellow and red–green discrimination abilities. Blue–yellow colour perception problems in ADHD contribute to but do not fully explain the observed slowed colour naming. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01540.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=741 [article] Colour perception in ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Sinje RUPPERT, Auteur ; Rosemary TANNOCK, Auteur ; Björn ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Andreas BECKER, Auteur ; Henrik UEBEL, Auteur ; Joseph A. SERGEANT, Auteur . - 2006 . - p.568–572. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-6 (June 2006) . - p.568–572 Mots-clés : Colour-vision attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder dopamine Stroop-Colour-Word-test Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with unexplained impairments on speeded naming of coloured stimuli. These deficits may reflect hypofunctioning retinal dopaminergic mechanisms impairing particularly blue–yellow colour discrimination. Colour perception and rapid colour naming ability were investigated in 14 children with ADHD and 13 healthy peers matched for age, gender, and IQ, using the Farnsworth–Munsell 100 Hue Test (FMT) and the Stroop-Colour-Word test. Children with ADHD committed more errors on the FMT, particularly on discrimination of colours along the blue–yellow axis, and were slower on Stroop subtests involving colour naming. However, the latter deficit was accounted for similarly by blue–yellow and red–green discrimination abilities. Blue–yellow colour perception problems in ADHD contribute to but do not fully explain the observed slowed colour naming. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01540.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=741

Genetics of preparation and response control in ADHD: the role of DRD4 and DAT1 / Björn ALBRECHT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-8 (August 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-8 (August 2014) . - p.914-923 Titre : Genetics of preparation and response control in ADHD: the role of DRD4 and DAT1 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Björn ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; Henrik Uebel VON SANDERSLEBEN, Auteur ; Lilian VALKO, Auteur ; Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur ; Xiaohui XU, Auteur ; Renate DRECHSLER, Auteur ; Alexander HEISE, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Ueli C. MÜLLER, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Hans-Christoph STEINHAUSEN, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.914-923 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  ERP  endophenotypes  CPT  CNV  Nogo  P3 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Difficulties with performance and brain activity related to attentional orienting (Cue-P3), cognitive or response preparation (Cue-CNV) and inhibitory response control (Nogo-P3) during tasks tapping executive functions are familial in ADHD and may represent endophenotypes. The aim of this study was to clarify the impact of dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) and dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene polymorphisms on these processes in ADHD and control children. Methods Behavioural and electrophysiological parameters from cued continuous performance tests with low and high attentional load were assessed in boys with ADHD combined type (N = 94) and controls without family history of ADHD (N = 31). Both groups were split for the presence of at least one DRD4 7-repeat allele and the DAT1 10-6 haplotype. Results Children with ADHD showed diminished performance and lower Cue-P3, CNV and Nogo-P3 amplitudes. Children with DRD4 7R showed similar performance problems and lower Cue-P3 and CNV, but Nogo-P3 was not reduced. Children with the DAT1 10-6 haplotype had no difficulties with performance or Cue-P3 and CNV, but contrary to expectations increased Nogo-P3. There were no Genotype by ADHD interactions. Conclusions This study detected specific effects of DRD4 7R on performance and brain activity related to attentional orienting and response preparation, while DAT1 10-6 was associated with elevated brain activity related to inhibitory response control, which potentially compensates increased impulsivity. As these genotype effects were additive to the impact of ADHD, the current results indicate that DRD4 and DAT1 polymorphisms are functionally relevant risk factors for ADHD and presumably other disorders sharing these endophenotypes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12212 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=237 [article] Genetics of preparation and response control in ADHD: the role of DRD4 and DAT1 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Björn ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; Henrik Uebel VON SANDERSLEBEN, Auteur ; Lilian VALKO, Auteur ; Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur ; Xiaohui XU, Auteur ; Renate DRECHSLER, Auteur ; Alexander HEISE, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Ueli C. MÜLLER, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Hans-Christoph STEINHAUSEN, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur . - p.914-923. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-8 (August 2014) . - p.914-923 Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  ERP  endophenotypes  CPT  CNV  Nogo  P3 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Difficulties with performance and brain activity related to attentional orienting (Cue-P3), cognitive or response preparation (Cue-CNV) and inhibitory response control (Nogo-P3) during tasks tapping executive functions are familial in ADHD and may represent endophenotypes. The aim of this study was to clarify the impact of dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) and dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene polymorphisms on these processes in ADHD and control children. Methods Behavioural and electrophysiological parameters from cued continuous performance tests with low and high attentional load were assessed in boys with ADHD combined type (N = 94) and controls without family history of ADHD (N = 31). Both groups were split for the presence of at least one DRD4 7-repeat allele and the DAT1 10-6 haplotype. Results Children with ADHD showed diminished performance and lower Cue-P3, CNV and Nogo-P3 amplitudes. Children with DRD4 7R showed similar performance problems and lower Cue-P3 and CNV, but Nogo-P3 was not reduced. Children with the DAT1 10-6 haplotype had no difficulties with performance or Cue-P3 and CNV, but contrary to expectations increased Nogo-P3. There were no Genotype by ADHD interactions. Conclusions This study detected specific effects of DRD4 7R on performance and brain activity related to attentional orienting and response preparation, while DAT1 10-6 was associated with elevated brain activity related to inhibitory response control, which potentially compensates increased impulsivity. As these genotype effects were additive to the impact of ADHD, the current results indicate that DRD4 and DAT1 polymorphisms are functionally relevant risk factors for ADHD and presumably other disorders sharing these endophenotypes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12212 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=237

Is neurofeedback an efficacious treatment for ADHD? A randomised controlled clinical trial / Holger GEVENSLEBEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-7 (July 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-7 (July 2009) . - p.780-789 Titre : Is neurofeedback an efficacious treatment for ADHD? A randomised controlled clinical trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Holger GEVENSLEBEN, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Petra STUDER, Auteur ; Oliver KRATZ, Auteur ; Dieter SCHLAMP, Auteur ; Claudia VOGEL, Auteur ; Birgit HOLL, Auteur ; Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur ; Björn ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Gunther H. MOLL, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.780-789 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Neurofeedback attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder-(ADHD) slow-corticalpotentials-(SCPs) theta/beta-training randomised-controlled-trial-(RCT) EEG Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: For children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a reduction of inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity by neurofeedback (NF) has been reported in several studies. But so far, unspecific training effects have not been adequately controlled for and/or studies do not provide sufficient statistical power. To overcome these methodological shortcomings we evaluated the clinical efficacy of neurofeedback in children with ADHD in a multisite randomised controlled study using a computerised attention skills training as a control condition. Methods: 102 children with ADHD, aged 8 to 12 years, participated in the study. Children performed either 36 sessions of NF training or a computerised attention skills training within two blocks of about four weeks each (randomised group assignment). The combined NF treatment consisted of one block of theta/beta training and one block of slow cortical potential (SCP) training. Pre-training, intermediate and post-training assessment encompassed several behaviour rating scales (e.g., the German ADHD rating scale, FBB-HKS) completed by parents and teachers. Evaluation ('placebo') scales were applied to control for parental expectations and satisfaction with the treatment. Results: For parent and teacher ratings, improvements in the NF group were superior to those of the control group. For the parent-rated FBB-HKS total score (primary outcome measure), the effect size was .60. Comparable effects were obtained for the two NF protocols (theta/beta training, SCP training). Parental attitude towards the treatment did not differ between NF and control group. Conclusions: Superiority of the combined NF training indicates clinical efficacy of NF in children with ADHD. Future studies should further address the specificity of effects and how to optimise the benefit of NF as treatment module for ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02033.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=771 [article] Is neurofeedback an efficacious treatment for ADHD? A randomised controlled clinical trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Holger GEVENSLEBEN, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Petra STUDER, Auteur ; Oliver KRATZ, Auteur ; Dieter SCHLAMP, Auteur ; Claudia VOGEL, Auteur ; Birgit HOLL, Auteur ; Hartmut HEINRICH, Auteur ; Björn ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Gunther H. MOLL, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.780-789. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-7 (July 2009) . - p.780-789 Mots-clés : Neurofeedback attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder-(ADHD) slow-corticalpotentials-(SCPs) theta/beta-training randomised-controlled-trial-(RCT) EEG Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: For children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a reduction of inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity by neurofeedback (NF) has been reported in several studies. But so far, unspecific training effects have not been adequately controlled for and/or studies do not provide sufficient statistical power. To overcome these methodological shortcomings we evaluated the clinical efficacy of neurofeedback in children with ADHD in a multisite randomised controlled study using a computerised attention skills training as a control condition. Methods: 102 children with ADHD, aged 8 to 12 years, participated in the study. Children performed either 36 sessions of NF training or a computerised attention skills training within two blocks of about four weeks each (randomised group assignment). The combined NF treatment consisted of one block of theta/beta training and one block of slow cortical potential (SCP) training. Pre-training, intermediate and post-training assessment encompassed several behaviour rating scales (e.g., the German ADHD rating scale, FBB-HKS) completed by parents and teachers. Evaluation ('placebo') scales were applied to control for parental expectations and satisfaction with the treatment. Results: For parent and teacher ratings, improvements in the NF group were superior to those of the control group. For the parent-rated FBB-HKS total score (primary outcome measure), the effect size was .60. Comparable effects were obtained for the two NF protocols (theta/beta training, SCP training). Parental attitude towards the treatment did not differ between NF and control group. Conclusions: Superiority of the combined NF training indicates clinical efficacy of NF in children with ADHD. Future studies should further address the specificity of effects and how to optimise the benefit of NF as treatment module for ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02033.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=771

Neuropsychological correlates of emotional lability in children with ADHD / Tobias BANASCHEWSKI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-11 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1139-1148 Titre : Neuropsychological correlates of emotional lability in children with ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Christine JENNEN-STEINMETZ, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Luise POUSTKA, Auteur ; Joseph A. SERGEANT, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Alexis C. FRAZIER-WOOD, Auteur ; Björn ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Wai CHEN, Auteur ; Henrik UEBEL, Auteur ; Wolff SCHLOTZ, Auteur ; Jaap VAN DER MEERE, Auteur ; Michael GILL, Auteur ; Iris MANOR, Auteur ; Ana MIRANDA, Auteur ; Fernando MULAS, Auteur ; Robert D. OADES, Auteur ; Herbert ROEYERS, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Hans-Christoph STEINHAUSEN, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1139-1148 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  neuropsychological performance  emotional lability  executive functions  delay aversion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Emotional lability (EL) is commonly seen in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The reasons for this association remain currently unknown. To address this question, we examined the relationship between ADHD and EL symptoms, and performance on a range of neuropsychological tasks to clarify whether EL symptoms are predicted by particular cognitive and/or motivational dysfunctions and whether these associations are mediated by the presence of ADHD symptoms. Methods:  A large multi-site sample of 424 carefully diagnosed ADHD cases and 564 unaffected siblings and controls aged 6–18 years performed a broad neuropsychological test battery, including a Go/No-Go Task, a warned four-choice Reaction Time task, the Maudsley Index of Childhood Delay Aversion and Digit span backwards. Neuropsychological variables were aggregated as indices of processing speed, response variability, executive functions, choice impulsivity and the influence of energetic and/or motivational factors. EL and ADHD symptoms were regressed on each neuropsychological variable in separate analyses controlling for age, gender and IQ, and, in subsequent regression analyses, for ADHD and EL symptoms respectively. Results:  Neuropsychological variables significantly predicted ADHD and EL symptoms with moderate-to-low regression coefficients. However, the association between neuropsychological parameters on EL disappeared entirely when the effect of ADHD symptoms was taken into account, revealing that the association between the neuropsychological performance measures and EL is completely mediated statistically by variations in ADHD symptoms. Conversely, neuropsychological effects on ADHD symptoms remained after EL symptom severity was taken into account. Conclusions:  The neuropsychological parameters examined, herein, predict ADHD more strongly than EL. They cannot explain EL symptoms beyond what is already accounted for by ADHD symptom severity. The association between EL and ADHD cannot be explained by these cognitive or motivational deficits. Alternative mechanisms, including overlapping genetic influences (pleiotropic effects) and/or alternative neuropsychological processes need to be considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02596.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182 [article] Neuropsychological correlates of emotional lability in children with ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Christine JENNEN-STEINMETZ, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Luise POUSTKA, Auteur ; Joseph A. SERGEANT, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Alexis C. FRAZIER-WOOD, Auteur ; Björn ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Wai CHEN, Auteur ; Henrik UEBEL, Auteur ; Wolff SCHLOTZ, Auteur ; Jaap VAN DER MEERE, Auteur ; Michael GILL, Auteur ; Iris MANOR, Auteur ; Ana MIRANDA, Auteur ; Fernando MULAS, Auteur ; Robert D. OADES, Auteur ; Herbert ROEYERS, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Hans-Christoph STEINHAUSEN, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1139-1148. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1139-1148 Mots-clés : ADHD  neuropsychological performance  emotional lability  executive functions  delay aversion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Emotional lability (EL) is commonly seen in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The reasons for this association remain currently unknown. To address this question, we examined the relationship between ADHD and EL symptoms, and performance on a range of neuropsychological tasks to clarify whether EL symptoms are predicted by particular cognitive and/or motivational dysfunctions and whether these associations are mediated by the presence of ADHD symptoms. Methods:  A large multi-site sample of 424 carefully diagnosed ADHD cases and 564 unaffected siblings and controls aged 6–18 years performed a broad neuropsychological test battery, including a Go/No-Go Task, a warned four-choice Reaction Time task, the Maudsley Index of Childhood Delay Aversion and Digit span backwards. Neuropsychological variables were aggregated as indices of processing speed, response variability, executive functions, choice impulsivity and the influence of energetic and/or motivational factors. EL and ADHD symptoms were regressed on each neuropsychological variable in separate analyses controlling for age, gender and IQ, and, in subsequent regression analyses, for ADHD and EL symptoms respectively. Results:  Neuropsychological variables significantly predicted ADHD and EL symptoms with moderate-to-low regression coefficients. However, the association between neuropsychological parameters on EL disappeared entirely when the effect of ADHD symptoms was taken into account, revealing that the association between the neuropsychological performance measures and EL is completely mediated statistically by variations in ADHD symptoms. Conversely, neuropsychological effects on ADHD symptoms remained after EL symptom severity was taken into account. Conclusions:  The neuropsychological parameters examined, herein, predict ADHD more strongly than EL. They cannot explain EL symptoms beyond what is already accounted for by ADHD symptom severity. The association between EL and ADHD cannot be explained by these cognitive or motivational deficits. Alternative mechanisms, including overlapping genetic influences (pleiotropic effects) and/or alternative neuropsychological processes need to be considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02596.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182

Performance variability, impulsivity errors and the impact of incentives as gender-independent endophenotypes for ADHD / Henrik UEBEL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-2 (February 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-2 (February 2010) . - p.210-218 Titre : Performance variability, impulsivity errors and the impact of incentives as gender-independent endophenotypes for ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Henrik UEBEL, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Hanna CHRISTIANSEN, Auteur ; Rafaela MARCO, Auteur ; Iris MANOR, Auteur ; Ana MIRANDA, Auteur ; Norbert A. BORGER, Auteur ; Alexander HEISE, Auteur ; Ulrike SCHAFER, Auteur ; Robert D. OADES, Auteur ; Louise BUTLER, Auteur ; Aisling MULLIGAN, Auteur ; Wai CHEN, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Björn ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Jaap VAN DER MEERE, Auteur ; Penelope ANDREOU, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.210-218 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder ADHD endophenotype executive-function reaction-time-variability false-alarms state-regulation incentives Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common and highly heritable child psychiatric disorders. There is strong evidence that children with ADHD show slower and more variable responses in tasks such as Go/Nogo tapping aspects of executive functions like sustained attention and response control which may be modulated by motivational factors and/or state-regulation processes. The aim of this study was (1) to determine if these executive functions may constitute an endophenotype for ADHD; (2) to investigate for the first time whether known modulators of these executive functions may also be familial; and (3) to explore whether gender has an impact on these measures. Methods: Two hundred and five children with ADHD combined type, 173 nonaffected biological siblings and 53 controls with no known family history of ADHD were examined using a Go/Nogo task in the framework of a multi-centre study. Performance-measures and modulating effects of event-rate and incentives were examined. Shared familial effects on these measures were assessed, and the influence of gender was tested. Results: Children with ADHD responded more slowly and variably than nonaffected siblings or controls. Nonaffected siblings showed intermediate scores for reaction-time variability, false alarms and omission errors under fast and slow event-rates. A slower event-rate did not lead to reduced performance specific to ADHD. In the incentive condition, mean reaction-times speeded up and became less variable only in children with ADHD and their nonaffected siblings, while accuracy was improved in all groups. Males responded faster, but also committed more false alarms. There were no interactions of group by gender. Conclusions: Reaction-time variability and accuracy parameters could be useful neuropsychological endophenotypes for ADHD. Performance-modulating effects of incentives suggested a familially driven motivational dysfunction which may play an important role on etiologic pathways and treatment approaches for ADHD. The effects of gender were independent of familial effects or ADHD-status, which in turn suggests that the proposed endophenotypes are independent of gender. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02139.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=941 [article] Performance variability, impulsivity errors and the impact of incentives as gender-independent endophenotypes for ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Henrik UEBEL, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Hanna CHRISTIANSEN, Auteur ; Rafaela MARCO, Auteur ; Iris MANOR, Auteur ; Ana MIRANDA, Auteur ; Norbert A. BORGER, Auteur ; Alexander HEISE, Auteur ; Ulrike SCHAFER, Auteur ; Robert D. OADES, Auteur ; Louise BUTLER, Auteur ; Aisling MULLIGAN, Auteur ; Wai CHEN, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Björn ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Jaap VAN DER MEERE, Auteur ; Penelope ANDREOU, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.210-218. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-2 (February 2010) . - p.210-218 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder ADHD endophenotype executive-function reaction-time-variability false-alarms state-regulation incentives Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common and highly heritable child psychiatric disorders. There is strong evidence that children with ADHD show slower and more variable responses in tasks such as Go/Nogo tapping aspects of executive functions like sustained attention and response control which may be modulated by motivational factors and/or state-regulation processes. The aim of this study was (1) to determine if these executive functions may constitute an endophenotype for ADHD; (2) to investigate for the first time whether known modulators of these executive functions may also be familial; and (3) to explore whether gender has an impact on these measures. Methods: Two hundred and five children with ADHD combined type, 173 nonaffected biological siblings and 53 controls with no known family history of ADHD were examined using a Go/Nogo task in the framework of a multi-centre study. Performance-measures and modulating effects of event-rate and incentives were examined. Shared familial effects on these measures were assessed, and the influence of gender was tested. Results: Children with ADHD responded more slowly and variably than nonaffected siblings or controls. Nonaffected siblings showed intermediate scores for reaction-time variability, false alarms and omission errors under fast and slow event-rates. A slower event-rate did not lead to reduced performance specific to ADHD. In the incentive condition, mean reaction-times speeded up and became less variable only in children with ADHD and their nonaffected siblings, while accuracy was improved in all groups. Males responded faster, but also committed more false alarms. There were no interactions of group by gender. Conclusions: Reaction-time variability and accuracy parameters could be useful neuropsychological endophenotypes for ADHD. Performance-modulating effects of incentives suggested a familially driven motivational dysfunction which may play an important role on etiologic pathways and treatment approaches for ADHD. The effects of gender were independent of familial effects or ADHD-status, which in turn suggests that the proposed endophenotypes are independent of gender. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02139.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=941

---

1 (1 - 5 / 5)