Dépouillements

Mood dysregulation across developmental psychopathology — general concepts and disorder / Argyris STRINGARIS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-11 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1095-1097 Titre : Mood dysregulation across developmental psychopathology — general concepts and disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Argyris STRINGARIS, Auteur ; Richard ROWE, Auteur ; Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1095-1097 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182 [article] Mood dysregulation across developmental psychopathology — general concepts and disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Argyris STRINGARIS, Auteur ; Richard ROWE, Auteur ; Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1095-1097. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1095-1097 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182

Defining the developmental parameters of temper loss in early childhood: implications for developmental psychopathology / Lauren S. WAKSCHLAG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-11 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1099-1108 Titre : Defining the developmental parameters of temper loss in early childhood: implications for developmental psychopathology Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lauren S. WAKSCHLAG, Auteur ; Seung W. CHOI, Auteur ; Alice S. CARTER, Auteur ; Heide HULLSIEK, Auteur ; James L. BURNS, Auteur ; Kimberly J. MCCARTHY, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Margaret J. BRIGGS-GOWAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1099-1108 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Developmental psychopathology  temper tantrums  disruptive  behavior  preschool psychopathology  dimensional Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Temper modulation problems are both a hallmark of early childhood and a common mental health concern. Thus, characterizing specific behavioral manifestations of temper loss along a dimension from normative misbehaviors to clinically significant problems is an important step toward identifying clinical thresholds. Methods:  Parent-reported patterns of temper loss were delineated in a diverse community sample of preschoolers (n = 1,490). A developmentally sensitive questionnaire, the Multidimensional Assessment of Preschool Disruptive Behavior (MAP-DB), was used to assess temper loss in terms of tantrum features and anger regulation. Specific aims were: (a) document the normative distribution of temper loss in preschoolers from normative misbehaviors to clinically concerning temper loss behaviors, and test for sociodemographic differences; (b) use Item Response Theory (IRT) to model a Temper Loss dimension; and (c) examine associations of temper loss and concurrent emotional and behavioral problems. Results:  Across sociodemographic subgroups, a unidimensional Temper Loss model fit the data well. Nearly all (83.7%) preschoolers had tantrums sometimes but only 8.6% had daily tantrums. Normative misbehaviors occurred more frequently than clinically concerning temper loss behaviors. Milder behaviors tended to reflect frustration in expectable contexts, whereas clinically concerning problem indicators were unpredictable, prolonged, and/or destructive. In multivariate models, Temper Loss was associated with emotional and behavioral problems. Conclusions:  Parent reports on a developmentally informed questionnaire, administered to a large and diverse sample, distinguished normative and problematic manifestations of preschool temper loss. A developmental, dimensional approach shows promise for elucidating the boundaries between normative early childhood temper loss and emergent psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02595.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182 [article] Defining the developmental parameters of temper loss in early childhood: implications for developmental psychopathology [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lauren S. WAKSCHLAG, Auteur ; Seung W. CHOI, Auteur ; Alice S. CARTER, Auteur ; Heide HULLSIEK, Auteur ; James L. BURNS, Auteur ; Kimberly J. MCCARTHY, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Margaret J. BRIGGS-GOWAN, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1099-1108. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1099-1108 Mots-clés : Developmental psychopathology  temper tantrums  disruptive  behavior  preschool psychopathology  dimensional Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Temper modulation problems are both a hallmark of early childhood and a common mental health concern. Thus, characterizing specific behavioral manifestations of temper loss along a dimension from normative misbehaviors to clinically significant problems is an important step toward identifying clinical thresholds. Methods:  Parent-reported patterns of temper loss were delineated in a diverse community sample of preschoolers (n = 1,490). A developmentally sensitive questionnaire, the Multidimensional Assessment of Preschool Disruptive Behavior (MAP-DB), was used to assess temper loss in terms of tantrum features and anger regulation. Specific aims were: (a) document the normative distribution of temper loss in preschoolers from normative misbehaviors to clinically concerning temper loss behaviors, and test for sociodemographic differences; (b) use Item Response Theory (IRT) to model a Temper Loss dimension; and (c) examine associations of temper loss and concurrent emotional and behavioral problems. Results:  Across sociodemographic subgroups, a unidimensional Temper Loss model fit the data well. Nearly all (83.7%) preschoolers had tantrums sometimes but only 8.6% had daily tantrums. Normative misbehaviors occurred more frequently than clinically concerning temper loss behaviors. Milder behaviors tended to reflect frustration in expectable contexts, whereas clinically concerning problem indicators were unpredictable, prolonged, and/or destructive. In multivariate models, Temper Loss was associated with emotional and behavioral problems. Conclusions:  Parent reports on a developmentally informed questionnaire, administered to a large and diverse sample, distinguished normative and problematic manifestations of preschool temper loss. A developmental, dimensional approach shows promise for elucidating the boundaries between normative early childhood temper loss and emergent psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02595.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182

The Affective Reactivity Index: a concise irritability scale for clinical and research settings / Argyris STRINGARIS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-11 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1109-1117 Titre : The Affective Reactivity Index: a concise irritability scale for clinical and research settings Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Argyris STRINGARIS, Auteur ; Robert GOODMAN, Auteur ; Sumudu FERDINANDO, Auteur ; Varun RAZDAN, Auteur ; Eli MUHRER, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Melissa A. BROTMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1109-1117 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mood dysregulation  Affective Reactivity Index  irritability  depression  bipolar Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Irritable mood has recently become a matter of intense scientific interest. Here, we present data from two samples, one from the United States and the other from the United Kingdom, demonstrating the clinical and research utility of the parent- and self-report forms of the Affective Reactivity Index (ARI), a concise dimensional measure of irritability. Methods:  The US sample (n = 218) consisted of children and adolescents recruited at the National Institute of Mental Health meeting criteria for bipolar disorder (BD, n = 39), severe mood dysregulation (SMD, n = 67), children at family risk for BD (n = 35), or were healthy volunteers (n = 77). The UK sample (n = 88) was comprised of children from a generic mental health setting and healthy volunteers from primary and secondary schools. Results:  Parent- and self-report scales of the ARI showed excellent internal consistencies and formed a single factor in the two samples. In the US sample, the ARI showed a gradation with irritability significantly increasing from healthy volunteers through to SMD. Irritability was significantly higher in SMD than in BD by parent-report, but this did not reach significance by self-report. In the UK sample, parent-rated irritability was differentially related to emotional problems. Conclusions:  Irritability can be measured using a concise instrument both in a highly specialized US, as well as a general UK child mental health setting. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02561.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182 [article] The Affective Reactivity Index: a concise irritability scale for clinical and research settings [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Argyris STRINGARIS, Auteur ; Robert GOODMAN, Auteur ; Sumudu FERDINANDO, Auteur ; Varun RAZDAN, Auteur ; Eli MUHRER, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Melissa A. BROTMAN, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1109-1117. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1109-1117 Mots-clés : Mood dysregulation  Affective Reactivity Index  irritability  depression  bipolar Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Irritable mood has recently become a matter of intense scientific interest. Here, we present data from two samples, one from the United States and the other from the United Kingdom, demonstrating the clinical and research utility of the parent- and self-report forms of the Affective Reactivity Index (ARI), a concise dimensional measure of irritability. Methods:  The US sample (n = 218) consisted of children and adolescents recruited at the National Institute of Mental Health meeting criteria for bipolar disorder (BD, n = 39), severe mood dysregulation (SMD, n = 67), children at family risk for BD (n = 35), or were healthy volunteers (n = 77). The UK sample (n = 88) was comprised of children from a generic mental health setting and healthy volunteers from primary and secondary schools. Results:  Parent- and self-report scales of the ARI showed excellent internal consistencies and formed a single factor in the two samples. In the US sample, the ARI showed a gradation with irritability significantly increasing from healthy volunteers through to SMD. Irritability was significantly higher in SMD than in BD by parent-report, but this did not reach significance by self-report. In the UK sample, parent-rated irritability was differentially related to emotional problems. Conclusions:  Irritability can be measured using a concise instrument both in a highly specialized US, as well as a general UK child mental health setting. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02561.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182

Links between infant temperament and neurophysiological measures of attention to happy and fearful faces / Marina MARTINOS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-11 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1118-1127 Titre : Links between infant temperament and neurophysiological measures of attention to happy and fearful faces Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marina MARTINOS, Auteur ; Anna MATHESON, Auteur ; Michelle DE HAAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1118-1127 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention  Nc  emotion  self-regulation  negative emotionality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Developing control of attention helps infants to regulate their emotions, and individual differences in attention skills may shape how infants perceive and respond to their socio-emotional environments. This study examined whether the temperamental dimensions of self-regulation and negative emotionality relate to infants’ attention skills and whether the emotional content of the attended stimulus affects this relation. Methods:  Event-related potentials provided a neurophysiological index of attention (Nc) while 3 to 13-month-old infants viewed images of happy and fearful facial expressions. Temperament was measured via parent report using the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised. Results:  The peak latency of the Nc was slower for infants with lower regulatory capacity, independent of facial expression. The amplitude of the Nc over right fronto-central electrodes was related to both self-regulation and negative emotionality, but the effects differed by emotion: infants with better self-regulation had larger Nc responses to fearful faces, and infants scoring higher on negative emotionality had larger Nc responses to happy faces. These results are discussed in relation to the development of executive attention networks and their modulation by the amygdala. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02599.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182 [article] Links between infant temperament and neurophysiological measures of attention to happy and fearful faces [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marina MARTINOS, Auteur ; Anna MATHESON, Auteur ; Michelle DE HAAN, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1118-1127. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1118-1127 Mots-clés : Attention  Nc  emotion  self-regulation  negative emotionality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Developing control of attention helps infants to regulate their emotions, and individual differences in attention skills may shape how infants perceive and respond to their socio-emotional environments. This study examined whether the temperamental dimensions of self-regulation and negative emotionality relate to infants’ attention skills and whether the emotional content of the attended stimulus affects this relation. Methods:  Event-related potentials provided a neurophysiological index of attention (Nc) while 3 to 13-month-old infants viewed images of happy and fearful facial expressions. Temperament was measured via parent report using the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised. Results:  The peak latency of the Nc was slower for infants with lower regulatory capacity, independent of facial expression. The amplitude of the Nc over right fronto-central electrodes was related to both self-regulation and negative emotionality, but the effects differed by emotion: infants with better self-regulation had larger Nc responses to fearful faces, and infants scoring higher on negative emotionality had larger Nc responses to happy faces. These results are discussed in relation to the development of executive attention networks and their modulation by the amygdala. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02599.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182

Dimensions of oppositional defiant disorder in 3-year-old preschoolers / Lourdes EZPELETA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-11 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1128-1138 Titre : Dimensions of oppositional defiant disorder in 3-year-old preschoolers Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lourdes EZPELETA, Auteur ; Roser GRANERO, Auteur ; Nuria DE LA OSA CHAPARRO, Auteur ; Eva PENELO, Auteur ; Josep M. DOMENECH, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1128-1138 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Comorbidity  dimensions  headstrong  irritability  negative affect  oppositional defiant disorder  preschool  Trouble oppositionnel avec provocation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  To test the factor structure of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms and to study the relationships between the proposed dimensions and external variables in a community sample of preschool children. Method:  A sample of 1,341 3-year-old preschoolers was randomly selected and screened for a double-phase design. In total, 622 families were assessed with a diagnostic semi-structured interview and questionnaires on psychopathology, temperament and executive functioning completed by parents and teachers. Results:  Using categorical and dimensional symptoms of ODD it was possible to confirm, cross-informant and cross-method, distinct dimensions for defining the structure of ODD: one made up of irritable and headstrong and the other of negative affect, oppositional behaviour and antagonistic behaviour. Specific associations with DSM-IV disorders were found, and irritable was associated with anxiety disorders, whereas headstrong was associated with disruptive disorders, including aggressive and non-aggressive CD symptoms. Also, negative affect was associated with anxiety disorders and non-aggressive CD symptoms, oppositional behaviour with disruptive disorders and aggressive CD symptoms, and antagonistic behaviours with disruptive disorders and, in boys, with mood disorders. The dimensions correlated with specific scales of psychopathology, temperament and executive functioning. Conclusions:  Oppositional defiant disorder is a heterogeneous disorder from preschool age. Different dimensions, with moderate to acceptable reliability and convergent and discriminant validity with other psychological constructs, can be identified early in life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02545.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182 [article] Dimensions of oppositional defiant disorder in 3-year-old preschoolers [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lourdes EZPELETA, Auteur ; Roser GRANERO, Auteur ; Nuria DE LA OSA CHAPARRO, Auteur ; Eva PENELO, Auteur ; Josep M. DOMENECH, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1128-1138. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1128-1138 Mots-clés : Comorbidity  dimensions  headstrong  irritability  negative affect  oppositional defiant disorder  preschool  Trouble oppositionnel avec provocation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  To test the factor structure of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms and to study the relationships between the proposed dimensions and external variables in a community sample of preschool children. Method:  A sample of 1,341 3-year-old preschoolers was randomly selected and screened for a double-phase design. In total, 622 families were assessed with a diagnostic semi-structured interview and questionnaires on psychopathology, temperament and executive functioning completed by parents and teachers. Results:  Using categorical and dimensional symptoms of ODD it was possible to confirm, cross-informant and cross-method, distinct dimensions for defining the structure of ODD: one made up of irritable and headstrong and the other of negative affect, oppositional behaviour and antagonistic behaviour. Specific associations with DSM-IV disorders were found, and irritable was associated with anxiety disorders, whereas headstrong was associated with disruptive disorders, including aggressive and non-aggressive CD symptoms. Also, negative affect was associated with anxiety disorders and non-aggressive CD symptoms, oppositional behaviour with disruptive disorders and aggressive CD symptoms, and antagonistic behaviours with disruptive disorders and, in boys, with mood disorders. The dimensions correlated with specific scales of psychopathology, temperament and executive functioning. Conclusions:  Oppositional defiant disorder is a heterogeneous disorder from preschool age. Different dimensions, with moderate to acceptable reliability and convergent and discriminant validity with other psychological constructs, can be identified early in life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02545.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182

Neuropsychological correlates of emotional lability in children with ADHD / Tobias BANASCHEWSKI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-11 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1139-1148 Titre : Neuropsychological correlates of emotional lability in children with ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Christine JENNEN-STEINMETZ, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Luise POUSTKA, Auteur ; Joseph A. SERGEANT, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Alexis C. FRAZIER-WOOD, Auteur ; Björn ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Wai CHEN, Auteur ; Henrik UEBEL, Auteur ; Wolff SCHLOTZ, Auteur ; Jaap VAN DER MEERE, Auteur ; Michael GILL, Auteur ; Iris MANOR, Auteur ; Ana MIRANDA, Auteur ; Fernando MULAS, Auteur ; Robert D. OADES, Auteur ; Herbert ROEYERS, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Hans-Christoph STEINHAUSEN, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1139-1148 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  neuropsychological performance  emotional lability  executive functions  delay aversion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Emotional lability (EL) is commonly seen in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The reasons for this association remain currently unknown. To address this question, we examined the relationship between ADHD and EL symptoms, and performance on a range of neuropsychological tasks to clarify whether EL symptoms are predicted by particular cognitive and/or motivational dysfunctions and whether these associations are mediated by the presence of ADHD symptoms. Methods:  A large multi-site sample of 424 carefully diagnosed ADHD cases and 564 unaffected siblings and controls aged 6–18 years performed a broad neuropsychological test battery, including a Go/No-Go Task, a warned four-choice Reaction Time task, the Maudsley Index of Childhood Delay Aversion and Digit span backwards. Neuropsychological variables were aggregated as indices of processing speed, response variability, executive functions, choice impulsivity and the influence of energetic and/or motivational factors. EL and ADHD symptoms were regressed on each neuropsychological variable in separate analyses controlling for age, gender and IQ, and, in subsequent regression analyses, for ADHD and EL symptoms respectively. Results:  Neuropsychological variables significantly predicted ADHD and EL symptoms with moderate-to-low regression coefficients. However, the association between neuropsychological parameters on EL disappeared entirely when the effect of ADHD symptoms was taken into account, revealing that the association between the neuropsychological performance measures and EL is completely mediated statistically by variations in ADHD symptoms. Conversely, neuropsychological effects on ADHD symptoms remained after EL symptom severity was taken into account. Conclusions:  The neuropsychological parameters examined, herein, predict ADHD more strongly than EL. They cannot explain EL symptoms beyond what is already accounted for by ADHD symptom severity. The association between EL and ADHD cannot be explained by these cognitive or motivational deficits. Alternative mechanisms, including overlapping genetic influences (pleiotropic effects) and/or alternative neuropsychological processes need to be considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02596.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182 [article] Neuropsychological correlates of emotional lability in children with ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Christine JENNEN-STEINMETZ, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Luise POUSTKA, Auteur ; Joseph A. SERGEANT, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Alexis C. FRAZIER-WOOD, Auteur ; Björn ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Wai CHEN, Auteur ; Henrik UEBEL, Auteur ; Wolff SCHLOTZ, Auteur ; Jaap VAN DER MEERE, Auteur ; Michael GILL, Auteur ; Iris MANOR, Auteur ; Ana MIRANDA, Auteur ; Fernando MULAS, Auteur ; Robert D. OADES, Auteur ; Herbert ROEYERS, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Hans-Christoph STEINHAUSEN, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1139-1148. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1139-1148 Mots-clés : ADHD  neuropsychological performance  emotional lability  executive functions  delay aversion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Emotional lability (EL) is commonly seen in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The reasons for this association remain currently unknown. To address this question, we examined the relationship between ADHD and EL symptoms, and performance on a range of neuropsychological tasks to clarify whether EL symptoms are predicted by particular cognitive and/or motivational dysfunctions and whether these associations are mediated by the presence of ADHD symptoms. Methods:  A large multi-site sample of 424 carefully diagnosed ADHD cases and 564 unaffected siblings and controls aged 6–18 years performed a broad neuropsychological test battery, including a Go/No-Go Task, a warned four-choice Reaction Time task, the Maudsley Index of Childhood Delay Aversion and Digit span backwards. Neuropsychological variables were aggregated as indices of processing speed, response variability, executive functions, choice impulsivity and the influence of energetic and/or motivational factors. EL and ADHD symptoms were regressed on each neuropsychological variable in separate analyses controlling for age, gender and IQ, and, in subsequent regression analyses, for ADHD and EL symptoms respectively. Results:  Neuropsychological variables significantly predicted ADHD and EL symptoms with moderate-to-low regression coefficients. However, the association between neuropsychological parameters on EL disappeared entirely when the effect of ADHD symptoms was taken into account, revealing that the association between the neuropsychological performance measures and EL is completely mediated statistically by variations in ADHD symptoms. Conversely, neuropsychological effects on ADHD symptoms remained after EL symptom severity was taken into account. Conclusions:  The neuropsychological parameters examined, herein, predict ADHD more strongly than EL. They cannot explain EL symptoms beyond what is already accounted for by ADHD symptom severity. The association between EL and ADHD cannot be explained by these cognitive or motivational deficits. Alternative mechanisms, including overlapping genetic influences (pleiotropic effects) and/or alternative neuropsychological processes need to be considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02596.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182

Cross-sectional and longitudinal abnormalities in brain structure in children with severe mood dysregulation or bipolar disorder / Nancy E. ADLEMAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-11 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1149-1156 Titre : Cross-sectional and longitudinal abnormalities in brain structure in children with severe mood dysregulation or bipolar disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nancy E. ADLEMAN, Auteur ; Stephen J. FROMM, Auteur ; Varun RAZDAN, Auteur ; Reilly KAYSER, Auteur ; Daniel P. DICKSTEIN, Auteur ; Melissa A. BROTMAN, Auteur ; Daniel Samuel PINE, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1149-1156 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Severe mood dysregulation  bipolar disorder  pediatric  longitudinal  neuroimaging  voxel-based morphometry  Trouble de l'humeur Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  There is debate as to whether chronic irritability (operationalized as severe mood dysregulation, SMD) is a developmental form of bipolar disorder (BD). Although structural brain abnormalities in BD have been demonstrated, no study compares neuroanatomy among SMD, BD, and healthy volunteers (HV) either cross-sectionally or over time. Furthermore, the developmental trajectories of structural abnormalities in BD or SMD are unknown. This study provides such data in BD, SMD, and HV. Methods:  An optimized, modulated voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis was conducted on structural MRI scans from 201 children (78 SMD, 55 BD, and 68 HV). In addition, 92 children (31 SMD, 34 BD, and 27 HV) were rescanned after 2 years (mean interval 1.99 ± 0.94 years), to compare time-related changes among the three groups. Results:  Cross-sectionally, the groups differed in gray matter (GM) volume in presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), insula, and globus pallidus. The cortical differences were driven mainly by increased GM volume in HV compared with BD and SMD. In globus pallidus, there was increased GM in BD compared with HV and SMD. Longitudinally, group-by-time interactions were evident in two clusters in the superior/inferior parietal lobule (R SPL/IPL) and in the precuneus. In both clusters, the interactions were driven by an abnormal increase in volume in BD. Conclusions:  Cross-sectionally, both BD and SMD are associated with structural abnormalities in frontal cortex, insula, and basal ganglia. Although some of these deficits overlap (insula and DLPFC), others differentiate SMD and BD (pre-SMA and globus pallidus). Abnormal developmental trajectories in lateral parietal cortex and precuneus are present in, and unique to, BD. Because of the high proportion of co-occurring ADHD in the SMD subjects, we could not separate effects of ADHD from those of SMD, and future research including a nonirritable ADHD group must address this issue. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02568.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182 [article] Cross-sectional and longitudinal abnormalities in brain structure in children with severe mood dysregulation or bipolar disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nancy E. ADLEMAN, Auteur ; Stephen J. FROMM, Auteur ; Varun RAZDAN, Auteur ; Reilly KAYSER, Auteur ; Daniel P. DICKSTEIN, Auteur ; Melissa A. BROTMAN, Auteur ; Daniel Samuel PINE, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1149-1156. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1149-1156 Mots-clés : Severe mood dysregulation  bipolar disorder  pediatric  longitudinal  neuroimaging  voxel-based morphometry  Trouble de l'humeur Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  There is debate as to whether chronic irritability (operationalized as severe mood dysregulation, SMD) is a developmental form of bipolar disorder (BD). Although structural brain abnormalities in BD have been demonstrated, no study compares neuroanatomy among SMD, BD, and healthy volunteers (HV) either cross-sectionally or over time. Furthermore, the developmental trajectories of structural abnormalities in BD or SMD are unknown. This study provides such data in BD, SMD, and HV. Methods:  An optimized, modulated voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis was conducted on structural MRI scans from 201 children (78 SMD, 55 BD, and 68 HV). In addition, 92 children (31 SMD, 34 BD, and 27 HV) were rescanned after 2 years (mean interval 1.99 ± 0.94 years), to compare time-related changes among the three groups. Results:  Cross-sectionally, the groups differed in gray matter (GM) volume in presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), insula, and globus pallidus. The cortical differences were driven mainly by increased GM volume in HV compared with BD and SMD. In globus pallidus, there was increased GM in BD compared with HV and SMD. Longitudinally, group-by-time interactions were evident in two clusters in the superior/inferior parietal lobule (R SPL/IPL) and in the precuneus. In both clusters, the interactions were driven by an abnormal increase in volume in BD. Conclusions:  Cross-sectionally, both BD and SMD are associated with structural abnormalities in frontal cortex, insula, and basal ganglia. Although some of these deficits overlap (insula and DLPFC), others differentiate SMD and BD (pre-SMA and globus pallidus). Abnormal developmental trajectories in lateral parietal cortex and precuneus are present in, and unique to, BD. Because of the high proportion of co-occurring ADHD in the SMD subjects, we could not separate effects of ADHD from those of SMD, and future research including a nonirritable ADHD group must address this issue. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02568.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182

Severe mood problems in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / Emily SIMONOFF in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-11 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1157-1166 Titre : Severe mood problems in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Catherine R. G. JONES, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1157-1166 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Severe mood dysregulation  mood disorders  childhood autism  autism spectrum disorder  SNAP  Trouble de l'humeur Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Introduction:  Severe mood dysregulation and problems (SMP) in otherwise typically developing youth are recognized as an important mental health problem with a distinct set of clinical features, family history and neurocognitive characteristics. SMP in people with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have not previously been explored. Method:  We studied a longitudinal, population-based cohort of adolescents with ASD in which we collected parent-reported symptoms of SMP that included rage, low and labile mood and depressive thoughts. Ninety-one adolescents with ASD provided data at age 16 years, of whom 79 had additional data from age 12. We studied whether SMP have similar correlates to those seen in typically developing youth. Results:  Severe mood problems were associated with current (parent-rated) and earlier (parent- and teacher-rated) emotional problems. The number of prior psychiatric diagnoses increased the risk of subsequent SMP. Intellectual ability and adaptive functioning did not predict to SMP. Maternal mental health problems rated at 12 and 16 years were associated with SMP. Autism severity as rated by parents was associated with SMP, but the relationship did not hold for clinician ratings of autistic symptoms or diagnosis. SMP were associated with difficulty in identifying the facial expression of surprise, but not with performance recognizing other emotions. Relationships between SMP and tests of executive function (card sort and trail making) were not significant after controlling for IQ. Conclusions:  This is the first study of the behavioural and cognitive correlates of severe mood problems in ASD. As in typically developing youth, SMP in adolescents with ASD are related to other affective symptoms and maternal mental health problems. Previously reported links to deficits in emotion recognition and cognitive flexibility were not found in the current sample. Further research is warranted using categorical and validated measures of SMP. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02600.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182 [article] Severe mood problems in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Catherine R. G. JONES, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1157-1166. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1157-1166 Mots-clés : Severe mood dysregulation  mood disorders  childhood autism  autism spectrum disorder  SNAP  Trouble de l'humeur Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Introduction:  Severe mood dysregulation and problems (SMP) in otherwise typically developing youth are recognized as an important mental health problem with a distinct set of clinical features, family history and neurocognitive characteristics. SMP in people with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have not previously been explored. Method:  We studied a longitudinal, population-based cohort of adolescents with ASD in which we collected parent-reported symptoms of SMP that included rage, low and labile mood and depressive thoughts. Ninety-one adolescents with ASD provided data at age 16 years, of whom 79 had additional data from age 12. We studied whether SMP have similar correlates to those seen in typically developing youth. Results:  Severe mood problems were associated with current (parent-rated) and earlier (parent- and teacher-rated) emotional problems. The number of prior psychiatric diagnoses increased the risk of subsequent SMP. Intellectual ability and adaptive functioning did not predict to SMP. Maternal mental health problems rated at 12 and 16 years were associated with SMP. Autism severity as rated by parents was associated with SMP, but the relationship did not hold for clinician ratings of autistic symptoms or diagnosis. SMP were associated with difficulty in identifying the facial expression of surprise, but not with performance recognizing other emotions. Relationships between SMP and tests of executive function (card sort and trail making) were not significant after controlling for IQ. Conclusions:  This is the first study of the behavioural and cognitive correlates of severe mood problems in ASD. As in typically developing youth, SMP in adolescents with ASD are related to other affective symptoms and maternal mental health problems. Previously reported links to deficits in emotion recognition and cognitive flexibility were not found in the current sample. Further research is warranted using categorical and validated measures of SMP. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02600.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182

Irritable oppositional defiance and callous unemotional traits: is the association partially explained by peer victimization? / Edward D. BARKER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-11 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1167-1175 Titre : Irritable oppositional defiance and callous unemotional traits: is the association partially explained by peer victimization? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Edward D. BARKER, Auteur ; Randall T. SALEKIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1167-1175 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children  peer victimization  depression  anxiety  callous-unemotional traits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Irritability is a subdimension of ODD, which predicts mainly to internalizing disorders, and to a lesser extent, conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits. Given that youth with similar dispositions as the irritable types – as well as youth high in callous-unemotional (CU) traits – have both been reported to experience high levels of victimization by peers, the authors examined an extension of the failure model (Patterson & Capaldi, 1990): that irritability increases peer victimization, which, in turn, predicts both CU and internalizing symptoms. Sample:  Using data from 5,923 mother-child pairs participating in The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, the authors tested the outcomes of internalizing difficulties and callous-unemotional traits (based on mother report at age 13) via the predictors (at ages 8 and 10) of irritability (mother report) and the experience of peer victimization (youth report). Results:  Irritability and peer victimization (age 10) directly predicted both CU and internalizing difficulties (age 13). Contrary to strict interpretation of the failure model, the significant indirect pathway described peer victimization (age 8) as increasing irritability (age 10), which, in turn, increased both CU and internalizing difficulties (age 13). Conclusion:  Results suggest that – for youth with irritable dispositions – co-occurring CU and internalizing difficulties can be acquired via adverse experiences in the social environment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02579.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182 [article] Irritable oppositional defiance and callous unemotional traits: is the association partially explained by peer victimization? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Edward D. BARKER, Auteur ; Randall T. SALEKIN, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1167-1175. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1167-1175 Mots-clés : Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children  peer victimization  depression  anxiety  callous-unemotional traits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Irritability is a subdimension of ODD, which predicts mainly to internalizing disorders, and to a lesser extent, conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits. Given that youth with similar dispositions as the irritable types – as well as youth high in callous-unemotional (CU) traits – have both been reported to experience high levels of victimization by peers, the authors examined an extension of the failure model (Patterson & Capaldi, 1990): that irritability increases peer victimization, which, in turn, predicts both CU and internalizing symptoms. Sample:  Using data from 5,923 mother-child pairs participating in The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, the authors tested the outcomes of internalizing difficulties and callous-unemotional traits (based on mother report at age 13) via the predictors (at ages 8 and 10) of irritability (mother report) and the experience of peer victimization (youth report). Results:  Irritability and peer victimization (age 10) directly predicted both CU and internalizing difficulties (age 13). Contrary to strict interpretation of the failure model, the significant indirect pathway described peer victimization (age 8) as increasing irritability (age 10), which, in turn, increased both CU and internalizing difficulties (age 13). Conclusion:  Results suggest that – for youth with irritable dispositions – co-occurring CU and internalizing difficulties can be acquired via adverse experiences in the social environment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02579.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182

An affective dimension within oppositional defiant disorder symptoms among boys: personality and psychopathology outcomes into early adulthood / Jeffrey D. BURKE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-11 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1176-1183 Titre : An affective dimension within oppositional defiant disorder symptoms among boys: personality and psychopathology outcomes into early adulthood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jeffrey D. BURKE, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1176-1183 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Oppositional defiant disorder  irritability  depression  anxiety  neuroticism  Trouble oppositionnel avec provocation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  A dimension of negatively oriented affect within oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms, which has been described as irritability, has been shown to predict depression and anxiety. Related constructs have been linked to temperament and personality constructs. However, only a few studies have examined the prediction from irritability within ODD to psychopathology or personality outcomes. Further, no studies have investigated whether irritability distinguishes among classes of youth. Methods:  Data from a clinic-referred sample of 7–12-year-old boys followed up to age 18 were used. Measures included structured clinical interviews with parents through adolescence, and youth self-report of depression and personality domains at age 18. Results:  Variable-oriented analyses found predictive links between irritability and outcomes of depression, anxiety, and Neuroticism. Latent classes of youth were distinguished by the presence or absence of irritability symptoms. Youth classified by irritability symptoms at baseline were significantly more likely to show anxiety and depression through adolescence and depression and Neuroticism at 18. No relationship was observed for the other of the Big Five personality factors. Conclusion:  Irritability symptoms within ODD distinguish youth at risk for persisting problems with internalizing disorders and Neuroticism into adulthood. The findings are suggestive of a model in which the early emergence of irritability marks life-course risks for specific types of psychopathology and personality problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02598.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182 [article] An affective dimension within oppositional defiant disorder symptoms among boys: personality and psychopathology outcomes into early adulthood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jeffrey D. BURKE, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1176-1183. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1176-1183 Mots-clés : Oppositional defiant disorder  irritability  depression  anxiety  neuroticism  Trouble oppositionnel avec provocation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  A dimension of negatively oriented affect within oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms, which has been described as irritability, has been shown to predict depression and anxiety. Related constructs have been linked to temperament and personality constructs. However, only a few studies have examined the prediction from irritability within ODD to psychopathology or personality outcomes. Further, no studies have investigated whether irritability distinguishes among classes of youth. Methods:  Data from a clinic-referred sample of 7–12-year-old boys followed up to age 18 were used. Measures included structured clinical interviews with parents through adolescence, and youth self-report of depression and personality domains at age 18. Results:  Variable-oriented analyses found predictive links between irritability and outcomes of depression, anxiety, and Neuroticism. Latent classes of youth were distinguished by the presence or absence of irritability symptoms. Youth classified by irritability symptoms at baseline were significantly more likely to show anxiety and depression through adolescence and depression and Neuroticism at 18. No relationship was observed for the other of the Big Five personality factors. Conclusion:  Irritability symptoms within ODD distinguish youth at risk for persisting problems with internalizing disorders and Neuroticism into adulthood. The findings are suggestive of a model in which the early emergence of irritability marks life-course risks for specific types of psychopathology and personality problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02598.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182

An experimental test of differential susceptibility to parenting among emotionally-dysregulated children in a randomized controlled trial for oppositional behavior / Stephen SCOTT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-11 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1184-1193 Titre : An experimental test of differential susceptibility to parenting among emotionally-dysregulated children in a randomized controlled trial for oppositional behavior Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephen SCOTT, Auteur ; Thomas G. O'CONNOR, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1184-1193 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Emotional dysfunction  parenting  differential susceptibility  RCT Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  The concept of differential susceptibility has challenged the potential meaning of personal traits such as poor ability to regulate emotions. Under the traditional model of diathesis/stress, personal characteristics such as liability to angry outbursts are seen as essentially disadvantageous, emerging under duress in a way that is maladaptive. In contrast, with differential susceptibility, there is the same poorer functioning under adverse conditions but, under favorable conditions, individuals with the trait function better than those without it. To date, there have been limited studies on response under positive environments. We used the experimental power of an intervention trial to test the differential susceptibility hypothesis that children with emotional dysregulation would show greater response to an experimentally induced improvement in their parenting environment. Methods:  Data were from the SPOKES trial (ISRCTN 77566446), a randomized controlled trial of 112 school children who were 5–6-years old, screened for elevated levels of oppositionality, randomized to parenting groups or control; 109 (97%) were followed-up a year later. Using DSM-IV oppositional-defiant symptoms, children were divided into an Emotionally-Dysregulated type (ED, n = 68) and a Headstrong type (n = 44). The parenting intervention was the Incredible Years program supplemented by positive strategies to use when reading with children. Assessment of conduct problems and parenting was by semistructured interviews. Results:  At follow-up, parents of Emotionally-Dysregulated and Headstrong children allocated to the intervention showed significant improvements in their parenting strategies to an equal extent compared to parents in the control group. However, the Emotionally-Dysregulated children showed a significantly greater decrease in conduct problems between intervention and control groups (treatment effect-size 0.84 standard deviations) than the Headstrong (es 0.20 SD), p = 0.04. Conclusions:  Using the power of a controlled experiment, this study showed that children who exhibited Emotionally-Dysregulated behavior pretreatment were more responsive to improvements in parental care that were experimentally induced. The findings extend prior work on differential sensitivity in suggesting that children exhibiting irascibility and emotionality may show greater susceptibility to the caregiving environment, and may identify a subset of children who respond better to existing treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02586.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182 [article] An experimental test of differential susceptibility to parenting among emotionally-dysregulated children in a randomized controlled trial for oppositional behavior [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephen SCOTT, Auteur ; Thomas G. O'CONNOR, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1184-1193. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-11 (November 2012) . - p.1184-1193 Mots-clés : Emotional dysfunction  parenting  differential susceptibility  RCT Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  The concept of differential susceptibility has challenged the potential meaning of personal traits such as poor ability to regulate emotions. Under the traditional model of diathesis/stress, personal characteristics such as liability to angry outbursts are seen as essentially disadvantageous, emerging under duress in a way that is maladaptive. In contrast, with differential susceptibility, there is the same poorer functioning under adverse conditions but, under favorable conditions, individuals with the trait function better than those without it. To date, there have been limited studies on response under positive environments. We used the experimental power of an intervention trial to test the differential susceptibility hypothesis that children with emotional dysregulation would show greater response to an experimentally induced improvement in their parenting environment. Methods:  Data were from the SPOKES trial (ISRCTN 77566446), a randomized controlled trial of 112 school children who were 5–6-years old, screened for elevated levels of oppositionality, randomized to parenting groups or control; 109 (97%) were followed-up a year later. Using DSM-IV oppositional-defiant symptoms, children were divided into an Emotionally-Dysregulated type (ED, n = 68) and a Headstrong type (n = 44). The parenting intervention was the Incredible Years program supplemented by positive strategies to use when reading with children. Assessment of conduct problems and parenting was by semistructured interviews. Results:  At follow-up, parents of Emotionally-Dysregulated and Headstrong children allocated to the intervention showed significant improvements in their parenting strategies to an equal extent compared to parents in the control group. However, the Emotionally-Dysregulated children showed a significantly greater decrease in conduct problems between intervention and control groups (treatment effect-size 0.84 standard deviations) than the Headstrong (es 0.20 SD), p = 0.04. Conclusions:  Using the power of a controlled experiment, this study showed that children who exhibited Emotionally-Dysregulated behavior pretreatment were more responsive to improvements in parental care that were experimentally induced. The findings extend prior work on differential sensitivity in suggesting that children exhibiting irascibility and emotionality may show greater susceptibility to the caregiving environment, and may identify a subset of children who respond better to existing treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02586.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=182