Associating Neural Alterations and Genotype in Autism and Fragile X Syndrome: Incorporating Perceptual Phenotypes in Causal Modeling / Armando BERTONE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40-12 (December 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 40-12 (December 2010) . - p.1541-1548 Titre : Associating Neural Alterations and Genotype in Autism and Fragile X Syndrome: Incorporating Perceptual Phenotypes in Causal Modeling Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Armando BERTONE, Auteur ; Julie HANCK, Auteur ; Cary KOGAN, Auteur ; Avi CHAUDHURI, Auteur ; Kim CORNISH, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.1541-1548 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Fragile X syndrome  Vision  Neural networks  Causal model  Genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We have previously described (see companion paper, this issue) the utility of using perceptual signatures for defining and dissociating condition-specific neural functioning underlying early visual processes in autism and FXS. These perceptually-driven hypotheses are based on differential performance evidenced only at the earliest stages of visual information processing, mediated by local neural network functioning. In this paper, we first review how most large-scale neural models are unable to address atypical low-level perceptual functioning in autism, and then suggest how condition-specific, local neural endophenotypes (described in our companion paper) can be incorporated into causal models to infer target candidate gene or gene clusters that are implicated in autism’s pathogenesis. The usefulness of such a translational research approach is discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1110-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=114 [article] Associating Neural Alterations and Genotype in Autism and Fragile X Syndrome: Incorporating Perceptual Phenotypes in Causal Modeling [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Armando BERTONE, Auteur ; Julie HANCK, Auteur ; Cary KOGAN, Auteur ; Avi CHAUDHURI, Auteur ; Kim CORNISH, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.1541-1548. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 40-12 (December 2010) . - p.1541-1548 Mots-clés : Autism  Fragile X syndrome  Vision  Neural networks  Causal model  Genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We have previously described (see companion paper, this issue) the utility of using perceptual signatures for defining and dissociating condition-specific neural functioning underlying early visual processes in autism and FXS. These perceptually-driven hypotheses are based on differential performance evidenced only at the earliest stages of visual information processing, mediated by local neural network functioning. In this paper, we first review how most large-scale neural models are unable to address atypical low-level perceptual functioning in autism, and then suggest how condition-specific, local neural endophenotypes (described in our companion paper) can be incorporated into causal models to infer target candidate gene or gene clusters that are implicated in autism’s pathogenesis. The usefulness of such a translational research approach is discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1110-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=114

Atypical Face Perception in Autism: A Point of View? / Karine MORIN in Autism Research, 8-5 (October 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-5 (October 2015) . - p.497-506 Titre : Atypical Face Perception in Autism: A Point of View? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Karine MORIN, Auteur ; Jacalyn GUY, Auteur ; Claudine HABAK, Auteur ; Hugh R. WILSON, Auteur ; Linda PAGANI, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur ; Armando BERTONE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.497-506 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  face perception  local  global  synthetic faces  viewpoint change Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Face perception is the most commonly used visual metric of social perception in autism. However, when found to be atypical, the origin of face perception differences in autism is contentious. One hypothesis proposes that a locally oriented visual analysis, characteristic of individuals with autism, ultimately affects performance on face tasks where a global analysis is optimal. The objective of this study was to evaluate this hypothesis by assessing face identity discrimination with synthetic faces presented with and without changes in viewpoint, with the former condition minimizing access to local face attributes used for identity discrimination. Twenty-eight individuals with autism and 30 neurotypical participants performed a face identity discrimination task. Stimuli were synthetic faces extracted from traditional face photographs in both front and 20° side viewpoints, digitized from 37 points to provide a continuous measure of facial geometry. Face identity discrimination thresholds were obtained using a two-alternative, temporal forced choice match-to-sample paradigm. Analyses revealed an interaction between group and condition, with group differences found only for the viewpoint change condition, where performance in the autism group was decreased compared to that of neurotypical participants. The selective decrease in performance for the viewpoint change condition suggests that face identity discrimination in autism is more difficult when access to local cues is minimized, and/or when dependence on integrative analysis is increased. These results lend support to a perceptual contribution of atypical face perception in autism. Autism Res 2015, 8: 497–506. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1464 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 [article] Atypical Face Perception in Autism: A Point of View? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Karine MORIN, Auteur ; Jacalyn GUY, Auteur ; Claudine HABAK, Auteur ; Hugh R. WILSON, Auteur ; Linda PAGANI, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur ; Armando BERTONE, Auteur . - p.497-506. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-5 (October 2015) . - p.497-506 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  face perception  local  global  synthetic faces  viewpoint change Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Face perception is the most commonly used visual metric of social perception in autism. However, when found to be atypical, the origin of face perception differences in autism is contentious. One hypothesis proposes that a locally oriented visual analysis, characteristic of individuals with autism, ultimately affects performance on face tasks where a global analysis is optimal. The objective of this study was to evaluate this hypothesis by assessing face identity discrimination with synthetic faces presented with and without changes in viewpoint, with the former condition minimizing access to local face attributes used for identity discrimination. Twenty-eight individuals with autism and 30 neurotypical participants performed a face identity discrimination task. Stimuli were synthetic faces extracted from traditional face photographs in both front and 20° side viewpoints, digitized from 37 points to provide a continuous measure of facial geometry. Face identity discrimination thresholds were obtained using a two-alternative, temporal forced choice match-to-sample paradigm. Analyses revealed an interaction between group and condition, with group differences found only for the viewpoint change condition, where performance in the autism group was decreased compared to that of neurotypical participants. The selective decrease in performance for the viewpoint change condition suggests that face identity discrimination in autism is more difficult when access to local cues is minimized, and/or when dependence on integrative analysis is increased. These results lend support to a perceptual contribution of atypical face perception in autism. Autism Res 2015, 8: 497–506. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1464 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270

Audiovisual temporal binding window narrows with age in autistic individuals / Armando BERTONE in Autism Research, 16-2 (February 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-2 (February 2023) . - p.355-363 Titre : Audiovisual temporal binding window narrows with age in autistic individuals Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Armando BERTONE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.355-363 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Atypical sensory perception has been recognized in autistic individuals since its earliest descriptions and is now considered a key characteristic of autism. Although the integration of sensory information (multisensory integration; MSI) has been demonstrated to be altered in autism, less is known about how this perceptual process differs with age. This study aimed to assess the integration of audiovisual information across autistic children and adolescents. MSI was measured using a non-social, simultaneity judgment task. Variation in temporal sensitivity was evaluated via Gaussian curve fitting procedures, allowing us to compare the width of temporal binding windows (TBWs), where wider TBWs indicate less sensitivity to temporal alignment. We compared TBWs in age and IQ matched groups of autistic (n = 32) and neurotypical (NT; n = 73) children and adolescents. The sensory profile of all participants was also measured. Across all ages assessed (i.e., 6 through 18â€years), TBWs were negatively correlated with age in the autistic group. A significant correlation was not found in the NT group. When compared as a function of child (6-12â€years) and adolescent (13-18â€years) age groups, a significant interaction of group (autism vs NT) by age group was found, whereby TBWs became narrower with age in the autistic, but not neurotypical group. We also found a significant main effect of age and no significant main effect of group. Results suggest that TBW differences between autistic and neurotypical groups diminishes with increasing age, indicating an atypical developmental profile of MSI in autism which ameliorates across development. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2860 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=495 [article] Audiovisual temporal binding window narrows with age in autistic individuals [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Armando BERTONE, Auteur . - p.355-363. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 16-2 (February 2023) . - p.355-363 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Atypical sensory perception has been recognized in autistic individuals since its earliest descriptions and is now considered a key characteristic of autism. Although the integration of sensory information (multisensory integration; MSI) has been demonstrated to be altered in autism, less is known about how this perceptual process differs with age. This study aimed to assess the integration of audiovisual information across autistic children and adolescents. MSI was measured using a non-social, simultaneity judgment task. Variation in temporal sensitivity was evaluated via Gaussian curve fitting procedures, allowing us to compare the width of temporal binding windows (TBWs), where wider TBWs indicate less sensitivity to temporal alignment. We compared TBWs in age and IQ matched groups of autistic (n = 32) and neurotypical (NT; n = 73) children and adolescents. The sensory profile of all participants was also measured. Across all ages assessed (i.e., 6 through 18â€years), TBWs were negatively correlated with age in the autistic group. A significant correlation was not found in the NT group. When compared as a function of child (6-12â€years) and adolescent (13-18â€years) age groups, a significant interaction of group (autism vs NT) by age group was found, whereby TBWs became narrower with age in the autistic, but not neurotypical group. We also found a significant main effect of age and no significant main effect of group. Results suggest that TBW differences between autistic and neurotypical groups diminishes with increasing age, indicating an atypical developmental profile of MSI in autism which ameliorates across development. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2860 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=495

Brief Report: An Exploration of Cognitive Flexibility of Autistic Adolescents with Low Intelligence Using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task / Stephanie Lock Man LUNG in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53-4 (April 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-4 (April 2023) . - p.1726-1732 Titre : Brief Report: An Exploration of Cognitive Flexibility of Autistic Adolescents with Low Intelligence Using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephanie Lock Man LUNG, Auteur ; Armando BERTONE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1726-1732 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Cognitive flexibility (CF) is the ability to shift between concepts or rules. Difficulty with CF is associated with autism (i.e., ASD) as it contributes to repetitive behaviours. However, little is known about CF skills of autistic adolescents with low intelligence. This study uses the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST) to assess the CF of 36 adolescents, all with a Weschler full-scale IQ between 50 and 85, 14 of whom had an ASD diagnosis. The results indicated no statistically significant differences in WCST performance between those with and without ASD. It was also found that performance IQ significantly contributed to the WCST performance in the ASD group only, suggesting an autism-specific role of non-verbal cognitive functioning in CF. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05134-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=500 [article] Brief Report: An Exploration of Cognitive Flexibility of Autistic Adolescents with Low Intelligence Using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephanie Lock Man LUNG, Auteur ; Armando BERTONE, Auteur . - p.1726-1732. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-4 (April 2023) . - p.1726-1732 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Cognitive flexibility (CF) is the ability to shift between concepts or rules. Difficulty with CF is associated with autism (i.e., ASD) as it contributes to repetitive behaviours. However, little is known about CF skills of autistic adolescents with low intelligence. This study uses the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST) to assess the CF of 36 adolescents, all with a Weschler full-scale IQ between 50 and 85, 14 of whom had an ASD diagnosis. The results indicated no statistically significant differences in WCST performance between those with and without ASD. It was also found that performance IQ significantly contributed to the WCST performance in the ASD group only, suggesting an autism-specific role of non-verbal cognitive functioning in CF. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05134-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=500

Characterizing Attention Resource Capacity in Autism: A Multiple Object Tracking Study / Bianca LEVY ; Jocelyn FAUBERT ; Armando BERTONE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-8 (August 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-8 (August 2024) . - p.2802-2815 Titre : Characterizing Attention Resource Capacity in Autism: A Multiple Object Tracking Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Bianca LEVY, Auteur ; Jocelyn FAUBERT, Auteur ; Armando BERTONE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2802-2815 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The extant literature aimed at characterizing attentional capability in autistics has presented inconsistent findings. This inconsistency and uncertainty may be the product of different theoretical and methodological approaches used to define attention in autism. In the current study, we investigate whether the allocation of attentional resources to task demands, and attention resource capacity, differs between autistics with no comorbid attention-deficit diagnosis (n = 55) and age-matched neurotypicals (n = 55). We compared differences in capacity and the allocation of resources by manipulating attentional load in a Multiple Object-Tracking (MOT) task, a robust, versatile, and ecological measure of selective, sustained, and distributed attention. While autistics demonstrated lower MOT performance, this difference disappeared when we accounted for fluid reasoning intelligence. Additionally, the similarity in the trend of MOT performance at increasing levels of attentional load between autistics and neurotypicals suggests no differences in the allocation of attentional resources to task demands. Taken together, our study suggests that higher-order cognitive abilities, such as intelligence, should be considered when characterizing attention across the autistic population in research. Similarly, our findings highlight the importance of considering cognitive competence when assessing attentional capabilities in autistic individuals, which could have significant implications for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and support. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-05974-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=534 [article] Characterizing Attention Resource Capacity in Autism: A Multiple Object Tracking Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Bianca LEVY, Auteur ; Jocelyn FAUBERT, Auteur ; Armando BERTONE, Auteur . - p.2802-2815. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-8 (August 2024) . - p.2802-2815 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The extant literature aimed at characterizing attentional capability in autistics has presented inconsistent findings. This inconsistency and uncertainty may be the product of different theoretical and methodological approaches used to define attention in autism. In the current study, we investigate whether the allocation of attentional resources to task demands, and attention resource capacity, differs between autistics with no comorbid attention-deficit diagnosis (n = 55) and age-matched neurotypicals (n = 55). We compared differences in capacity and the allocation of resources by manipulating attentional load in a Multiple Object-Tracking (MOT) task, a robust, versatile, and ecological measure of selective, sustained, and distributed attention. While autistics demonstrated lower MOT performance, this difference disappeared when we accounted for fluid reasoning intelligence. Additionally, the similarity in the trend of MOT performance at increasing levels of attentional load between autistics and neurotypicals suggests no differences in the allocation of attentional resources to task demands. Taken together, our study suggests that higher-order cognitive abilities, such as intelligence, should be considered when characterizing attention across the autistic population in research. Similarly, our findings highlight the importance of considering cognitive competence when assessing attentional capabilities in autistic individuals, which could have significant implications for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and support. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-05974-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=534

A Developmental Perspective of Global and Local Visual Perception in Autism Spectrum Disorder / J. GUY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-7 (July 2019)  

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Epidemiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders / Lisa R. FRENCH

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Far visual acuity is unremarkable in autism: Do we need to focus on crowding? / Luc KEITA in Autism Research, 3-6 (December 2010)  

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Identifying the functions of restricted and repetitive behaviours and interests in Autism: A scoping review / Ève PICARD ; Isabelle SOULIERES ; Armando BERTONE in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 117 (September 2024)  

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Multisensory Integration of Low-level Information in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Measuring Susceptibility to the Flash-Beep Illusion / Vanessa A. BAO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-8 (August 2017)  

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Postural Hypo-Reactivity in Autism is Contingent on Development and Visual Environment: A Fully Immersive Virtual Reality Study / Selma GREFFOU in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42-6 (June 2012)  

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The developmental trajectory of contrast sensitivity in autism spectrum disorder / Jacalyn GUY in Autism Research, 9-8 (August 2016)  

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Using Perceptual Signatures to Define and Dissociate Condition-Specific Neural Etiology: Autism and Fragile X Syndrome as Model Conditions / Armando BERTONE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40-12 (December 2010)  

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Within- and Cross-Modal Integration and Attention in the Autism Spectrum / Genevieve CHARBONNEAU in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-1 (January 2020)  

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