Aberrant functioning of the theory-of-mind network in children and adolescents with autism / Rajesh K. KANA in Molecular Autism, (October 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > (October 2015) . - p.1-12 Titre : Aberrant functioning of the theory-of-mind network in children and adolescents with autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur ; Jose O. MAXIMO, Auteur ; Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Timothy A. KELLER, Auteur ; Sarah E. SCHIPUL, Auteur ; Vladimir L. CHERKASSKY, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Marcel Adam JUST, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-12 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Theory-of-mind (ToM), the ability to infer people’s thoughts and feelings, is a pivotal skill in effective social interactions. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have been found to have altered ToM skills, which significantly impacts the quality of their social interactions. Neuroimaging studies have reported altered activation of the ToM cortical network, especially in adults with autism, yet little is known about the brain responses underlying ToM in younger individuals with ASD. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study investigated the neural mechanisms underlying ToM in high-functioning children and adolescents with ASD and matched typically developing (TD) peers. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-015-0052-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=277 [article] Aberrant functioning of the theory-of-mind network in children and adolescents with autism [texte imprimé] / Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur ; Jose O. MAXIMO, Auteur ; Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Timothy A. KELLER, Auteur ; Sarah E. SCHIPUL, Auteur ; Vladimir L. CHERKASSKY, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Marcel Adam JUST, Auteur . - p.1-12. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > (October 2015) . - p.1-12 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Theory-of-mind (ToM), the ability to infer people’s thoughts and feelings, is a pivotal skill in effective social interactions. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have been found to have altered ToM skills, which significantly impacts the quality of their social interactions. Neuroimaging studies have reported altered activation of the ToM cortical network, especially in adults with autism, yet little is known about the brain responses underlying ToM in younger individuals with ASD. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study investigated the neural mechanisms underlying ToM in high-functioning children and adolescents with ASD and matched typically developing (TD) peers. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-015-0052-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=277

Brain Function Differences in Language Processing in Children and Adults with Autism / Diane L. WILLIAMS in Autism Research, 6-4 (August 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 6-4 (August 2013) . - p.288-302 Titre : Brain Function Differences in Language Processing in Children and Adults with Autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Vladimir L. CHERKASSKY, Auteur ; Robert A. MASON, Auteur ; Timothy A. KELLER, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Marcel Adam JUST, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.288-302 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : FMRI  language processing  development  functional connectivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Comparison of brain function between children and adults with autism provides an understanding of the effects of the disorder and associated maturational differences on language processing. Functional imaging (functional magnetic resonance imaging) was used to examine brain activation and cortical synchronization during the processing of literal and ironic texts in 15 children with autism, 14 children with typical development, 13 adults with autism, and 12 adult controls. Both the children and adults with autism had lower functional connectivity (synchronization of brain activity among activated areas) than their age and ability comparison group in the left hemisphere language network during irony processing, and neither autism group had an increase in functional connectivity in response to increased task demands. Activation differences for the literal and irony conditions occurred in key language-processing regions (left middle temporal, left pars triangularis, left pars opercularis, left medial frontal, and right middle temporal). The children and adults with autism differed from each other in the use of some brain regions during the irony task, with the adults with autism having activation levels similar to those of the control groups. Overall, the children and adults with autism differed from the adult and child controls in (a) the degree of network coordination, (b) the distribution of the workload among member nodes, and (3) the dynamic recruitment of regions in response to text content. Moreover, the differences between the two autism age groups may be indicative of positive changes in the neural function related to language processing associated with maturation and/or educational experience. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1291 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212 [article] Brain Function Differences in Language Processing in Children and Adults with Autism [texte imprimé] / Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Vladimir L. CHERKASSKY, Auteur ; Robert A. MASON, Auteur ; Timothy A. KELLER, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Marcel Adam JUST, Auteur . - p.288-302. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 6-4 (August 2013) . - p.288-302 Mots-clés : FMRI  language processing  development  functional connectivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Comparison of brain function between children and adults with autism provides an understanding of the effects of the disorder and associated maturational differences on language processing. Functional imaging (functional magnetic resonance imaging) was used to examine brain activation and cortical synchronization during the processing of literal and ironic texts in 15 children with autism, 14 children with typical development, 13 adults with autism, and 12 adult controls. Both the children and adults with autism had lower functional connectivity (synchronization of brain activity among activated areas) than their age and ability comparison group in the left hemisphere language network during irony processing, and neither autism group had an increase in functional connectivity in response to increased task demands. Activation differences for the literal and irony conditions occurred in key language-processing regions (left middle temporal, left pars triangularis, left pars opercularis, left medial frontal, and right middle temporal). The children and adults with autism differed from each other in the use of some brain regions during the irony task, with the adults with autism having activation levels similar to those of the control groups. Overall, the children and adults with autism differed from the adult and child controls in (a) the degree of network coordination, (b) the distribution of the workload among member nodes, and (3) the dynamic recruitment of regions in response to text content. Moreover, the differences between the two autism age groups may be indicative of positive changes in the neural function related to language processing associated with maturation and/or educational experience. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1291 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212

Cortical underconnectivity coupled with preserved visuospatial cognition in autism: Evidence from an fMRI study of an embedded figures task / Saudamini Roy DAMARLA in Autism Research, 3-5 (October 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 3-5 (October 2010) . - p.273-279 Titre : Cortical underconnectivity coupled with preserved visuospatial cognition in autism: Evidence from an fMRI study of an embedded figures task Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Saudamini Roy DAMARLA, Auteur ; Timothy A. KELLER, Auteur ; Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur ; Vladimir L. CHERKASSKY, Auteur ; Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Marcel Adam JUST, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.273-279 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : embedded figures task  functional connectivity  corpus callosum  functional MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with high-functioning autism sometimes exhibit intact or superior performance on visuospatial tasks, in contrast to impaired functioning in other domains such as language comprehension, executive tasks, and social functions. The goal of the current study was to investigate the neural bases of preserved visuospatial processing in high-functioning autism from the perspective of the cortical underconnectivity theory. We used a combination of behavioral, functional magnetic resonance imaging, functional connectivity, and corpus callosum morphometric methodological tools. Thirteen participants with high-functioning autism and 13 controls (age-, IQ-, and gender-matched) were scanned while performing an Embedded Figures Task. Despite the ability of the autism group to attain behavioral performance comparable to the control group, the brain imaging results revealed several group differences consistent with the cortical underconnectivity account of autism. First, relative to controls, the autism group showed less activation in the left dorsolateral prefrontal and inferior parietal areas and more activation in visuospatial (bilateral superior parietal extending to inferior parietal and right occipital) areas. Second, the autism group demonstrated lower functional connectivity between higher-order working memory/executive areas and visuospatial regions (between frontal and parietal-occipital). Third, the size of the corpus callosum (an index of anatomical connectivity) was positively correlated with frontal–posterior (parietal and occipital) functional connectivity in the autism group. Thus, even in the visuospatial domain, where preserved performance among people with autism is observed, the neuroimaging signatures of cortical underconnectivity persist. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.153 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=115 [article] Cortical underconnectivity coupled with preserved visuospatial cognition in autism: Evidence from an fMRI study of an embedded figures task [texte imprimé] / Saudamini Roy DAMARLA, Auteur ; Timothy A. KELLER, Auteur ; Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur ; Vladimir L. CHERKASSKY, Auteur ; Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Marcel Adam JUST, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.273-279. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 3-5 (October 2010) . - p.273-279 Mots-clés : embedded figures task  functional connectivity  corpus callosum  functional MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with high-functioning autism sometimes exhibit intact or superior performance on visuospatial tasks, in contrast to impaired functioning in other domains such as language comprehension, executive tasks, and social functions. The goal of the current study was to investigate the neural bases of preserved visuospatial processing in high-functioning autism from the perspective of the cortical underconnectivity theory. We used a combination of behavioral, functional magnetic resonance imaging, functional connectivity, and corpus callosum morphometric methodological tools. Thirteen participants with high-functioning autism and 13 controls (age-, IQ-, and gender-matched) were scanned while performing an Embedded Figures Task. Despite the ability of the autism group to attain behavioral performance comparable to the control group, the brain imaging results revealed several group differences consistent with the cortical underconnectivity account of autism. First, relative to controls, the autism group showed less activation in the left dorsolateral prefrontal and inferior parietal areas and more activation in visuospatial (bilateral superior parietal extending to inferior parietal and right occipital) areas. Second, the autism group demonstrated lower functional connectivity between higher-order working memory/executive areas and visuospatial regions (between frontal and parietal-occipital). Third, the size of the corpus callosum (an index of anatomical connectivity) was positively correlated with frontal–posterior (parietal and occipital) functional connectivity in the autism group. Thus, even in the visuospatial domain, where preserved performance among people with autism is observed, the neuroimaging signatures of cortical underconnectivity persist. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.153 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=115

Reduced White Matter Integrity and Deficits in Neuropsychological Functioning in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Sarah M. HAIGH in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.702-714 Titre : Reduced White Matter Integrity and Deficits in Neuropsychological Functioning in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sarah M. HAIGH, Auteur ; Timothy A. KELLER, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Shaun M. EACK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.702-714 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Dti  Fa  Matrics  Tbss  adults  autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is currently viewed as a disorder of cortical systems connectivity, with a heavy emphasis being on the structural integrity of white matter tracts. However, the majority of the literature to date has focused on children with ASD. Understanding the integrity of white matter tracts in adults may help reveal the nature of ASD pathology in adulthood and the potential contributors to cognitive impairment. This study examined white matter water diffusion using diffusion tensor imaging in relation to neuropsychological measures of cognition in a sample of 45 adults with ASD compared to 20 age, gender, and full-scale-IQ-matched healthy volunteers. Tract-based spatial statistics were used to assess differences in diffusion along white matter tracts between groups using permutation testing. The following neuropsychological measures of cognition were assessed: processing speed, attention vigilance, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition. Results indicated that fractional anisotropy (FA) was significantly reduced in adults with ASD in the anterior thalamic radiation (P = 0.022) and the right cingulum (P = 0.008). All neuropsychological measures were worse in the ASD group, but none of the measures significantly correlated with reduced FA in either tract in the adults with ASD or in the healthy volunteers. Together, this indicates that the tracts that are the most impacted in autism may not be (at least directly) responsible for the behavioral deficits in ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 702-714. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: White matter tracts are the data cables in the brain that efficiently transfer information, and damage to these tracts could be the cause for the abnormal behaviors that are associated with autism. We found that two long-range tracts (the anterior thalamic radiation and the cingulum) were both impaired in autism but were not directly related to the impairments in behavior. This suggests that the abnormal tracts and behavior are the effects of another underlying mechanism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2271 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Reduced White Matter Integrity and Deficits in Neuropsychological Functioning in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Sarah M. HAIGH, Auteur ; Timothy A. KELLER, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Shaun M. EACK, Auteur . - p.702-714. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.702-714 Mots-clés : Dti  Fa  Matrics  Tbss  adults  autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is currently viewed as a disorder of cortical systems connectivity, with a heavy emphasis being on the structural integrity of white matter tracts. However, the majority of the literature to date has focused on children with ASD. Understanding the integrity of white matter tracts in adults may help reveal the nature of ASD pathology in adulthood and the potential contributors to cognitive impairment. This study examined white matter water diffusion using diffusion tensor imaging in relation to neuropsychological measures of cognition in a sample of 45 adults with ASD compared to 20 age, gender, and full-scale-IQ-matched healthy volunteers. Tract-based spatial statistics were used to assess differences in diffusion along white matter tracts between groups using permutation testing. The following neuropsychological measures of cognition were assessed: processing speed, attention vigilance, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition. Results indicated that fractional anisotropy (FA) was significantly reduced in adults with ASD in the anterior thalamic radiation (P = 0.022) and the right cingulum (P = 0.008). All neuropsychological measures were worse in the ASD group, but none of the measures significantly correlated with reduced FA in either tract in the adults with ASD or in the healthy volunteers. Together, this indicates that the tracts that are the most impacted in autism may not be (at least directly) responsible for the behavioral deficits in ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 702-714. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: White matter tracts are the data cables in the brain that efficiently transfer information, and damage to these tracts could be the cause for the abnormal behaviors that are associated with autism. We found that two long-range tracts (the anterior thalamic radiation and the cingulum) were both impaired in autism but were not directly related to the impairments in behavior. This suggests that the abnormal tracts and behavior are the effects of another underlying mechanism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2271 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

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