10 recherche sur le mot-clé 'Dti'

Brain Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Volumetric Analysis: Grey and White Matter Changes in Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Anna PICHIECCHIO in Autism - Open Access, 6-1 ([01/01/2016])  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism - Open Access > 6-1 [01/01/2016] . - 7 p. Titre : Brain Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Volumetric Analysis: Grey and White Matter Changes in Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anna PICHIECCHIO, Auteur ; Tiziana CARIGI, Auteur ; Niels BERGSLAND, Auteur ; Sara GIANFELICE, Auteur ; Fulvia PALESI, Auteur ; Matteo ALESSIO CHIAPPEDI, Auteur ; Giorgio ROSSI, Auteur ; Stefano BASTIANELLO, Auteur ; Umberto BALOTTIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 7 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : DTI  Brain MRI  Autism spectrum disorders  Early childhood  Volumetric analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We aimed to investigate whether DTI metrics and volumetric analysis could detect regional abnormalities in young Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) children. A sample of 22 pre-school children affected by ASD and a group of 10 age-matched controls underwent a conventional and advanced MRI protocol, including DTI and 3D T1-weighted imaging. Volumetric analysis revealed no significant differences between the ASD children and the controls, while the DTI results suggested an early involvement of both the cerebellum and the supratentorial grey matter (GM) in young ASD children, with fractional anisotropy (FA) emerging the most sensitive parameter.GM-FA changes correlated with Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic (ADOS-G) and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). Further investigation in a larger sample is warranted in order to confirm a potential primary role of GM versus WM changes in the complex aetiopathogenesis of ASD. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2165-7890.1000161 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=410 [article] Brain Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Volumetric Analysis: Grey and White Matter Changes in Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anna PICHIECCHIO, Auteur ; Tiziana CARIGI, Auteur ; Niels BERGSLAND, Auteur ; Sara GIANFELICE, Auteur ; Fulvia PALESI, Auteur ; Matteo ALESSIO CHIAPPEDI, Auteur ; Giorgio ROSSI, Auteur ; Stefano BASTIANELLO, Auteur ; Umberto BALOTTIN, Auteur . - 7 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism - Open Access > 6-1 [01/01/2016] . - 7 p. Mots-clés : DTI  Brain MRI  Autism spectrum disorders  Early childhood  Volumetric analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We aimed to investigate whether DTI metrics and volumetric analysis could detect regional abnormalities in young Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) children. A sample of 22 pre-school children affected by ASD and a group of 10 age-matched controls underwent a conventional and advanced MRI protocol, including DTI and 3D T1-weighted imaging. Volumetric analysis revealed no significant differences between the ASD children and the controls, while the DTI results suggested an early involvement of both the cerebellum and the supratentorial grey matter (GM) in young ASD children, with fractional anisotropy (FA) emerging the most sensitive parameter.GM-FA changes correlated with Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic (ADOS-G) and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). Further investigation in a larger sample is warranted in order to confirm a potential primary role of GM versus WM changes in the complex aetiopathogenesis of ASD. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2165-7890.1000161 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=410

Neural correlates of language variability in preschool-aged boys with autism spectrum disorder / Letitia R. NAIGLES in Autism Research, 10-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-6 (June 2017) . - p.1107-1119 Titre : Neural correlates of language variability in preschool-aged boys with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Letitia R. NAIGLES, Auteur ; Ryan JOHNSON, Auteur ; Ann MASTERGEORGE, Auteur ; Sally OZONOFF, Auteur ; Sally J ROGERS, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1107-1119 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : DTI  brain imaging  language development  preschoolers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism vary widely in their language abilities, yet the neural correlates of this language variability remain unclear, especially early in development. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to examine diffusivity measures along the length of 18 major fiber tracts in 104 preschool-aged boys with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The boys were assigned to subgroups according to their level of language development (Low: no/low language, Middle: small vocabulary, High: large vocabulary and grammar), based on their raw scores on the expressive language (EL) and receptive language (RL) sections of the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL). Results indicate that the subgroups differed in fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD) along the inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) in both hemispheres. Moreover, FA correlated significantly with Mullen EL and RL raw scores, but not ADOS severity score, along the left and right ILF. Subgroups also differed in MD (but not FA) along the left superior longitudinal fasiculus and left corticospinal tract, but these differences were not correlated with language scores. These findings suggest that white matter microstructure in the left and right ILF varies in relation to lexical development in young males with ASD. The findings also support the use of raw scores on language-relevant standardized tests for assessing early language-brain relationships. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1756 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=309 [article] Neural correlates of language variability in preschool-aged boys with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Letitia R. NAIGLES, Auteur ; Ryan JOHNSON, Auteur ; Ann MASTERGEORGE, Auteur ; Sally OZONOFF, Auteur ; Sally J ROGERS, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur . - p.1107-1119. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-6 (June 2017) . - p.1107-1119 Mots-clés : DTI  brain imaging  language development  preschoolers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism vary widely in their language abilities, yet the neural correlates of this language variability remain unclear, especially early in development. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to examine diffusivity measures along the length of 18 major fiber tracts in 104 preschool-aged boys with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The boys were assigned to subgroups according to their level of language development (Low: no/low language, Middle: small vocabulary, High: large vocabulary and grammar), based on their raw scores on the expressive language (EL) and receptive language (RL) sections of the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL). Results indicate that the subgroups differed in fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD) along the inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) in both hemispheres. Moreover, FA correlated significantly with Mullen EL and RL raw scores, but not ADOS severity score, along the left and right ILF. Subgroups also differed in MD (but not FA) along the left superior longitudinal fasiculus and left corticospinal tract, but these differences were not correlated with language scores. These findings suggest that white matter microstructure in the left and right ILF varies in relation to lexical development in young males with ASD. The findings also support the use of raw scores on language-relevant standardized tests for assessing early language-brain relationships. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1756 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=309

Autistic traits and individual brain differences: functional network efficiency reflects attentional and social impairments, structural nodal efficiencies index systemising and theory-of-mind skills / Subhadip PAUL in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 3p. Titre : Autistic traits and individual brain differences: functional network efficiency reflects attentional and social impairments, structural nodal efficiencies index systemising and theory-of-mind skills Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Subhadip PAUL, Auteur ; Aditi ARORA, Auteur ; Rashi MIDHA, Auteur ; Dinh VU, Auteur ; Prasun K. ROY, Auteur ; Matthew K. BELMONTE, Auteur Article en page(s) : 3p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention  Autism  Dti  Dimensional  Functional connectivity  Graph theory  Social  Theory-of-mind  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism is characterised not only by impaired social cognitive 'empathising' but also by superior rule-based 'systemising'. These cognitive domains intertwine within the categorical diagnosis of autism, yet behavioural genetics suggest largely independent heritability, and separable brain mechanisms. We sought to determine whether quantitative behavioural measures of autistic traits are dimensionally associated with structural and functional brain network integrity, and whether brain bases of autistic traits vary independently across individuals. METHODS: Thirty right-handed neurotypical adults (12 females) were administered psychometric (Social Responsiveness Scale, Autism Spectrum Quotient and Systemising Quotient) and behavioural (Attention Network Test and theory-of-mind reaction time) measures of autistic traits, and structurally (diffusion tensor imaging) and functionally (500 s of 2 Hz eyes-closed resting fMRI) derived graph-theoretic measures of efficiency of information integration were computed throughout the brain and within subregions. RESULTS: Social impairment was positively associated with functional efficiency (r = .47, p = .006), globally and within temporo-parietal and prefrontal cortices. Delayed orienting of attention likewise was associated with greater functional efficiency (r = - .46, p = .0133). Systemising was positively associated with global structural efficiency (r = .38, p = 0.018), driven specifically by temporal pole; theory-of-mind reaction time was related to structural efficiency (r = - .40, p = 0.0153) within right supramarginal gyrus. LIMITATIONS: Interpretation of these relationships is complicated by the many senses of the term 'connectivity', including functional, structural and computational; by the approximation inherent in group functional anatomical parcellations when confronted with individual variation in functional anatomy; and by the validity, sensitivity and specificity of the several survey and experimental behavioural measures applied as correlates of brain structure and function. CONCLUSIONS: Functional connectivities highlight distributed networks associated with domain-general properties such as attentional orienting and social cognition broadly, associating more impaired behaviour with more efficient brain networks that may reflect heightened feedforward information flow subserving autistic strengths and deficits alike. Structural connectivity results highlight specific anatomical nodes of convergence, reflecting cognitive and neuroanatomical independence of systemising and theory-of-mind. In addition, this work shows that individual differences in theory-of-mind related to brain structure can be measured behaviourally, and offers neuroanatomical evidence to pin down the slippery construct of 'systemising' as the capacity to construct invariant contextual associations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00377-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442 [article] Autistic traits and individual brain differences: functional network efficiency reflects attentional and social impairments, structural nodal efficiencies index systemising and theory-of-mind skills [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Subhadip PAUL, Auteur ; Aditi ARORA, Auteur ; Rashi MIDHA, Auteur ; Dinh VU, Auteur ; Prasun K. ROY, Auteur ; Matthew K. BELMONTE, Auteur . - 3p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 3p. Mots-clés : Attention  Autism  Dti  Dimensional  Functional connectivity  Graph theory  Social  Theory-of-mind  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism is characterised not only by impaired social cognitive 'empathising' but also by superior rule-based 'systemising'. These cognitive domains intertwine within the categorical diagnosis of autism, yet behavioural genetics suggest largely independent heritability, and separable brain mechanisms. We sought to determine whether quantitative behavioural measures of autistic traits are dimensionally associated with structural and functional brain network integrity, and whether brain bases of autistic traits vary independently across individuals. METHODS: Thirty right-handed neurotypical adults (12 females) were administered psychometric (Social Responsiveness Scale, Autism Spectrum Quotient and Systemising Quotient) and behavioural (Attention Network Test and theory-of-mind reaction time) measures of autistic traits, and structurally (diffusion tensor imaging) and functionally (500 s of 2 Hz eyes-closed resting fMRI) derived graph-theoretic measures of efficiency of information integration were computed throughout the brain and within subregions. RESULTS: Social impairment was positively associated with functional efficiency (r = .47, p = .006), globally and within temporo-parietal and prefrontal cortices. Delayed orienting of attention likewise was associated with greater functional efficiency (r = - .46, p = .0133). Systemising was positively associated with global structural efficiency (r = .38, p = 0.018), driven specifically by temporal pole; theory-of-mind reaction time was related to structural efficiency (r = - .40, p = 0.0153) within right supramarginal gyrus. LIMITATIONS: Interpretation of these relationships is complicated by the many senses of the term 'connectivity', including functional, structural and computational; by the approximation inherent in group functional anatomical parcellations when confronted with individual variation in functional anatomy; and by the validity, sensitivity and specificity of the several survey and experimental behavioural measures applied as correlates of brain structure and function. CONCLUSIONS: Functional connectivities highlight distributed networks associated with domain-general properties such as attentional orienting and social cognition broadly, associating more impaired behaviour with more efficient brain networks that may reflect heightened feedforward information flow subserving autistic strengths and deficits alike. Structural connectivity results highlight specific anatomical nodes of convergence, reflecting cognitive and neuroanatomical independence of systemising and theory-of-mind. In addition, this work shows that individual differences in theory-of-mind related to brain structure can be measured behaviourally, and offers neuroanatomical evidence to pin down the slippery construct of 'systemising' as the capacity to construct invariant contextual associations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00377-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442

Brainstem white matter microstructure is associated with hyporesponsiveness and overall sensory features in autistic children / Olivia SURGENT in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 48 p. Titre : Brainstem white matter microstructure is associated with hyporesponsiveness and overall sensory features in autistic children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Olivia SURGENT, Auteur ; Ali RIAZ, Auteur ; Karla K. AUSDERAU, Auteur ; Nagesh ADLURU, Auteur ; Gregory R. KIRK, Auteur ; Jose GUERRERO-GONZALEZ, Auteur ; Emily C. SKALETSKI, Auteur ; Steven R. KECSKEMETI, Auteur ; Douglas C. DEAN III, Auteur ; Susan ELLIS WEISMER, Auteur ; Andrew L. ALEXANDER, Auteur ; Brittany G. TRAVERS, Auteur Article en page(s) : 48 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Child  White Matter  Brain  Quality of Life  Autistic Disorder  Brain Stem  Autism  Brainstem  Dti  Sensory features  Voxel-based analysis  White matter  TherVoyant). While both companies are involved in developing MRI-based surgery  techniques, neither are associated with any current areas of his research,  including the present publication. All other authors report no biomedical  financial interests of potential conflicts of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Elevated or reduced responses to sensory stimuli, known as sensory features, are common in autistic individuals and often impact quality of life. Little is known about the neurobiological basis of sensory features in autistic children. However, the brainstem may offer critical insights as it has been associated with both basic sensory processing and core features of autism. METHODS: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and parent-report of sensory features were acquired from 133 children (61 autistic children with and 72 non-autistic children, 6-11 years-old). Leveraging novel DWI processing techniques, we investigated the relationship between sensory features and white matter microstructure properties (free-water-elimination-corrected fractional anisotropy [FA] and mean diffusivity [MD]) in precisely delineated brainstem white matter tracts. Follow-up analyses assessed relationships between microstructure and sensory response patterns/modalities and analyzed whole brain white matter using voxel-based analysis. RESULTS: Results revealed distinct relationships between brainstem microstructure and sensory features in autistic children compared to non-autistic children. In autistic children, more prominent sensory features were generally associated with lower MD. Further, in autistic children, sensory hyporesponsiveness and tactile responsivity were strongly associated with white matter microstructure in nearly all brainstem tracts. Follow-up voxel-based analyses confirmed that these relationships were more prominent in the brainstem/cerebellum, with additional sensory-brain findings in the autistic group in the white matter of the primary motor and somatosensory cortices, the occipital lobe, the inferior parietal lobe, and the thalamic projections. LIMITATIONS: All participants communicated via spoken language and acclimated to the sensory environment of an MRI session, which should be considered when assessing the generalizability of this work to the whole of the autism spectrum. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest unique brainstem white matter contributions to sensory features in autistic children compared to non-autistic children. The brainstem correlates of sensory features underscore the potential reflex-like nature of behavioral responses to sensory stimuli in autism and have implications for how we conceptualize and address sensory features in autistic populations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00524-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491 [article] Brainstem white matter microstructure is associated with hyporesponsiveness and overall sensory features in autistic children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Olivia SURGENT, Auteur ; Ali RIAZ, Auteur ; Karla K. AUSDERAU, Auteur ; Nagesh ADLURU, Auteur ; Gregory R. KIRK, Auteur ; Jose GUERRERO-GONZALEZ, Auteur ; Emily C. SKALETSKI, Auteur ; Steven R. KECSKEMETI, Auteur ; Douglas C. DEAN III, Auteur ; Susan ELLIS WEISMER, Auteur ; Andrew L. ALEXANDER, Auteur ; Brittany G. TRAVERS, Auteur . - 48 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 48 p. Mots-clés : Humans  Child  White Matter  Brain  Quality of Life  Autistic Disorder  Brain Stem  Autism  Brainstem  Dti  Sensory features  Voxel-based analysis  White matter  TherVoyant). While both companies are involved in developing MRI-based surgery  techniques, neither are associated with any current areas of his research,  including the present publication. All other authors report no biomedical  financial interests of potential conflicts of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Elevated or reduced responses to sensory stimuli, known as sensory features, are common in autistic individuals and often impact quality of life. Little is known about the neurobiological basis of sensory features in autistic children. However, the brainstem may offer critical insights as it has been associated with both basic sensory processing and core features of autism. METHODS: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and parent-report of sensory features were acquired from 133 children (61 autistic children with and 72 non-autistic children, 6-11 years-old). Leveraging novel DWI processing techniques, we investigated the relationship between sensory features and white matter microstructure properties (free-water-elimination-corrected fractional anisotropy [FA] and mean diffusivity [MD]) in precisely delineated brainstem white matter tracts. Follow-up analyses assessed relationships between microstructure and sensory response patterns/modalities and analyzed whole brain white matter using voxel-based analysis. RESULTS: Results revealed distinct relationships between brainstem microstructure and sensory features in autistic children compared to non-autistic children. In autistic children, more prominent sensory features were generally associated with lower MD. Further, in autistic children, sensory hyporesponsiveness and tactile responsivity were strongly associated with white matter microstructure in nearly all brainstem tracts. Follow-up voxel-based analyses confirmed that these relationships were more prominent in the brainstem/cerebellum, with additional sensory-brain findings in the autistic group in the white matter of the primary motor and somatosensory cortices, the occipital lobe, the inferior parietal lobe, and the thalamic projections. LIMITATIONS: All participants communicated via spoken language and acclimated to the sensory environment of an MRI session, which should be considered when assessing the generalizability of this work to the whole of the autism spectrum. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest unique brainstem white matter contributions to sensory features in autistic children compared to non-autistic children. The brainstem correlates of sensory features underscore the potential reflex-like nature of behavioral responses to sensory stimuli in autism and have implications for how we conceptualize and address sensory features in autistic populations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00524-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491

Childhood sleep disturbances and white matter microstructure in preadolescence / T. A. MULDER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-11 (November 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-11 (November 2019) . - p.1242-1250 Titre : Childhood sleep disturbances and white matter microstructure in preadolescence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : T. A. MULDER, Auteur ; D. KOCEVSKA, Auteur ; R. L. MUETZEL, Auteur ; M. E. KOOPMAN-VERHOEFF, Auteur ; M. H. HILLEGERS, Auteur ; T. WHITE, Auteur ; H. TIEMEIER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1242-1250 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Dti  Sleep problems  repeated measurements  white matter microstructure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Sleep problems occur in up to 30% of children and have been associated with adverse developmental outcomes. However, due to a lack of longitudinal neuroimaging studies, the neurobiological changes that may underlie some of these associations have remained unclear. This study explored the association between sleep problems during childhood and white matter (WM) microstructure in preadolescence. METHODS: Children from the population-based birth cohort, the Generation R Study, who had repeatedly assessed sleep problems between 1.5 and 10 years of age and a MRI scan at age 10 (N = 2,449), were included. Mothers reported on their child's sleep problems using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL 1.5-5) when children were 1.5, 3, and 6 years of age. At age 2, mothers completed very similar questions. At age 10, both children and their mothers reported on sleep problems. We used whole-brain and tract-specific fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values obtained through diffusion tensor imaging as measures of WM microstructure. RESULTS: Childhood sleep problems at 1.5, 2, and 6 years of age were associated with less WM microstructural integrity (approximately 0.05 SD lower global FA score per 1-SD sleep problems). In repeated-measures analyses, children with more sleep problems (per 1-SD) at baseline had lower FA values at age 10 in particular in the corticospinal tract (-0.12 SD, 95% CI:-0.20;-0.05), the uncinate fasciculus (-0.12 SD, 95% CI:-0.19;-0.05), and the forceps major (-0.11 SD, 95% CI:-0.18;-0.03), although effect estimates across the tracts did not differ substantially. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood sleep disturbances are associated with less WM microstructural integrity in preadolescence. Our results show that early neurodevelopment may be a period of particular vulnerability to sleep problems. This study cannot demonstrate causality but suggests that preventive interventions addressing sleep problems should be further explored to test whether they impact adverse neurodevelopment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13085 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408 [article] Childhood sleep disturbances and white matter microstructure in preadolescence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / T. A. MULDER, Auteur ; D. KOCEVSKA, Auteur ; R. L. MUETZEL, Auteur ; M. E. KOOPMAN-VERHOEFF, Auteur ; M. H. HILLEGERS, Auteur ; T. WHITE, Auteur ; H. TIEMEIER, Auteur . - p.1242-1250. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-11 (November 2019) . - p.1242-1250 Mots-clés : Dti  Sleep problems  repeated measurements  white matter microstructure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Sleep problems occur in up to 30% of children and have been associated with adverse developmental outcomes. However, due to a lack of longitudinal neuroimaging studies, the neurobiological changes that may underlie some of these associations have remained unclear. This study explored the association between sleep problems during childhood and white matter (WM) microstructure in preadolescence. METHODS: Children from the population-based birth cohort, the Generation R Study, who had repeatedly assessed sleep problems between 1.5 and 10 years of age and a MRI scan at age 10 (N = 2,449), were included. Mothers reported on their child's sleep problems using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL 1.5-5) when children were 1.5, 3, and 6 years of age. At age 2, mothers completed very similar questions. At age 10, both children and their mothers reported on sleep problems. We used whole-brain and tract-specific fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values obtained through diffusion tensor imaging as measures of WM microstructure. RESULTS: Childhood sleep problems at 1.5, 2, and 6 years of age were associated with less WM microstructural integrity (approximately 0.05 SD lower global FA score per 1-SD sleep problems). In repeated-measures analyses, children with more sleep problems (per 1-SD) at baseline had lower FA values at age 10 in particular in the corticospinal tract (-0.12 SD, 95% CI:-0.20;-0.05), the uncinate fasciculus (-0.12 SD, 95% CI:-0.19;-0.05), and the forceps major (-0.11 SD, 95% CI:-0.18;-0.03), although effect estimates across the tracts did not differ substantially. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood sleep disturbances are associated with less WM microstructural integrity in preadolescence. Our results show that early neurodevelopment may be a period of particular vulnerability to sleep problems. This study cannot demonstrate causality but suggests that preventive interventions addressing sleep problems should be further explored to test whether they impact adverse neurodevelopment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13085 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408

Individual differences in white matter of the uncinate fasciculus and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus: possible early biomarkers for callous-unemotional behaviors in young children with disruptive behavior problems / P. A. GRAZIANO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-1 (January 2022)  

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Reduced White Matter Integrity and Deficits in Neuropsychological Functioning in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Sarah M. HAIGH in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

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Structural and functional connectivity in the default mode network in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome / M. C. PADULA in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 7-1 (December 2015)  

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White matter integrity in Asperger syndrome: a preliminary diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging study in adults / Oswald J.N. BLOEMEN in Autism Research, 3-5 (October 2010)  

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Widespread Disrupted White Matter Microstructure in Autism Spectrum Disorders / J. FITZGERALD in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-7 (July 2019)  

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