Dépouillements

Issue Information in Autism Research, 10-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1329-1333 Titre : Issue Information Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.1329-1333 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1701 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 [article] Issue Information [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.1329-1333. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1329-1333 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1701 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310

Countering evidence denial and the promotion of pseudoscience in autism spectrum disorder / Isabel M. SMITH in Autism Research, 10-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1334-1337 Titre : Countering evidence denial and the promotion of pseudoscience in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Isabel M. SMITH, Auteur ; Noni E. MACDONALD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1334-1337 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  denialism  evidence  science communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This commentary introduces a framework within which clinical and research experts in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can address public instances of evidence denial and promotion of pseudoscience related to ASD. This is a generalized extension of work by a World Health Organization (WHO) group dedicated to reducing the influence of Vocal Vaccine Deniers through educating advocates in how to effectively defuse their arguments. The WHO guidelines were informed by conceptual work on the “denialism” phenomenon, and by studies in psychology, communication, vaccine science, and public health. Our goal is to introduce these ideas to, and encourage discussion within, the ASD research community. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1810 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 [article] Countering evidence denial and the promotion of pseudoscience in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Isabel M. SMITH, Auteur ; Noni E. MACDONALD, Auteur . - p.1334-1337. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1334-1337 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  denialism  evidence  science communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This commentary introduces a framework within which clinical and research experts in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can address public instances of evidence denial and promotion of pseudoscience related to ASD. This is a generalized extension of work by a World Health Organization (WHO) group dedicated to reducing the influence of Vocal Vaccine Deniers through educating advocates in how to effectively defuse their arguments. The WHO guidelines were informed by conceptual work on the “denialism” phenomenon, and by studies in psychology, communication, vaccine science, and public health. Our goal is to introduce these ideas to, and encourage discussion within, the ASD research community. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1810 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310

Next Generation Sequencing Mitochondrial DNA Analysis in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Ashok PATOWARY in Autism Research, 10-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1338-1343 Titre : Next Generation Sequencing Mitochondrial DNA Analysis in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ashok PATOWARY, Auteur ; Ryan NESBITT, Auteur ; Marilyn ARCHER, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; Zoran BRKANAC, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1338-1343 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : mitochondria  autism spectrum disorder  whole exome sequencing  single nucleotide variation  next generation sequencing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is a complex genetic disorder where both de-novo and inherited genetics factors play a role. Next generation sequencing approaches have been extensively used to identify rare variants associated with autism. To date, all such studies were focused on nuclear genome; thereby leaving the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation in autism unexplored. Recently, analytical tools have been developed to evaluate mtDNA in whole-exome data. We have analyzed the mtDNA sequence derived from whole-exome sequencing in 10 multiplex families. In one of the families we have identified two variants of interest in MT-ND5 gene that were previously determined to impair mitochondrial function. In addition in a second family we have identified two VOIs; mtDNA variant in MT-ATP6 and nuclear DNA variant in NDUFS4, where both VOIs are within mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complex. Our findings provide further support for the role of mitochondria in ASD and confirm that whole-exome sequencing allows for analysis of mtDNA, which sets a stage for further comprehensive genetic investigations of the role of mitochondria in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1792 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 [article] Next Generation Sequencing Mitochondrial DNA Analysis in Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ashok PATOWARY, Auteur ; Ryan NESBITT, Auteur ; Marilyn ARCHER, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; Zoran BRKANAC, Auteur . - p.1338-1343. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1338-1343 Mots-clés : mitochondria  autism spectrum disorder  whole exome sequencing  single nucleotide variation  next generation sequencing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is a complex genetic disorder where both de-novo and inherited genetics factors play a role. Next generation sequencing approaches have been extensively used to identify rare variants associated with autism. To date, all such studies were focused on nuclear genome; thereby leaving the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation in autism unexplored. Recently, analytical tools have been developed to evaluate mtDNA in whole-exome data. We have analyzed the mtDNA sequence derived from whole-exome sequencing in 10 multiplex families. In one of the families we have identified two variants of interest in MT-ND5 gene that were previously determined to impair mitochondrial function. In addition in a second family we have identified two VOIs; mtDNA variant in MT-ATP6 and nuclear DNA variant in NDUFS4, where both VOIs are within mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complex. Our findings provide further support for the role of mitochondria in ASD and confirm that whole-exome sequencing allows for analysis of mtDNA, which sets a stage for further comprehensive genetic investigations of the role of mitochondria in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1792 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310

Developmental functioning and medical Co-morbidity profile of children with complex and essential autism / Jaimie FLOR in Autism Research, 10-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1344-1352 Titre : Developmental functioning and medical Co-morbidity profile of children with complex and essential autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jaimie FLOR, Auteur ; Jayne BELLANDO, Auteur ; Maya LOPEZ, Auteur ; Amy SHUI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1344-1352 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  developmental  children  microcephaly  dysmorphology  essential autism complex autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) may be characterized as “complex” (those with microcephaly and/or dysmorphology) or “essential” (those with neither of these two). Previous studies found subjects in the complex group exhibited lower IQ scores, poorer response to behavioral intervention, more seizures and more abnormal EEGs and brain MRIs compared to the essential group. The objective of this study was to determine if there are differences in complex versus essential subjects based on several developmental/psychological measures as well as certain medical comorbidities. This study utilized data from 1,347 individuals (2–17 years old) well-characterized subjects enrolled in Autism Treatment Network (ATN) Registry. Head circumference measurement and the Autism Dysmorphology Measure (ADM) were used by trained physicians to classify subjects as complex or essential. Significantly lower scores were seen for complex subjects in cognitive level, adaptive behavior and quality of life. Complex subjects showed significantly increased physician-documented GI symptoms and were on a higher number of medications. No significant differences in autism severity scores, behavioral ratings and parent-reported sleep problems were found. After adjusting for multiple comparisons made, adaptive scores remained significantly lower for the complex group, and the complex group used a significantly higher number of medications and had increased GI symptoms. Complex and essential autism subtypes may have distinct developmental and medical correlates and thus underlines the importance of looking for microcephaly and dysmorphology, when evaluating a child with autism. Determining this distinction in autism may have implications in prognosis, identifying medical co-morbidities, directing diagnostic evaluations and treatment interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1779 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 [article] Developmental functioning and medical Co-morbidity profile of children with complex and essential autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jaimie FLOR, Auteur ; Jayne BELLANDO, Auteur ; Maya LOPEZ, Auteur ; Amy SHUI, Auteur . - p.1344-1352. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1344-1352 Mots-clés : autism  developmental  children  microcephaly  dysmorphology  essential autism complex autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) may be characterized as “complex” (those with microcephaly and/or dysmorphology) or “essential” (those with neither of these two). Previous studies found subjects in the complex group exhibited lower IQ scores, poorer response to behavioral intervention, more seizures and more abnormal EEGs and brain MRIs compared to the essential group. The objective of this study was to determine if there are differences in complex versus essential subjects based on several developmental/psychological measures as well as certain medical comorbidities. This study utilized data from 1,347 individuals (2–17 years old) well-characterized subjects enrolled in Autism Treatment Network (ATN) Registry. Head circumference measurement and the Autism Dysmorphology Measure (ADM) were used by trained physicians to classify subjects as complex or essential. Significantly lower scores were seen for complex subjects in cognitive level, adaptive behavior and quality of life. Complex subjects showed significantly increased physician-documented GI symptoms and were on a higher number of medications. No significant differences in autism severity scores, behavioral ratings and parent-reported sleep problems were found. After adjusting for multiple comparisons made, adaptive scores remained significantly lower for the complex group, and the complex group used a significantly higher number of medications and had increased GI symptoms. Complex and essential autism subtypes may have distinct developmental and medical correlates and thus underlines the importance of looking for microcephaly and dysmorphology, when evaluating a child with autism. Determining this distinction in autism may have implications in prognosis, identifying medical co-morbidities, directing diagnostic evaluations and treatment interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1779 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310

I tawt i taw a puddy tat: Gestures in canary row narrations by high-functioning youth with autism spectrum disorder / Laura B. SILVERMAN in Autism Research, 10-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1353-1363 Titre : I tawt i taw a puddy tat: Gestures in canary row narrations by high-functioning youth with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura B. SILVERMAN, Auteur ; Inge-Marie EIGSTI, Auteur ; Loisa BENNETTO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1353-1363 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  gesture  nonverbal communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined whether individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) produce co-speech gestures similarly to typically developing (TD) peers. Participants were 20 youth ages 10–18 years with high-functioning ASD and 21 TD controls matched on age, gender, verbal IQ, and handedness. Gestures were elicited using a classic narrative-retelling task, in which participants watched a Tweety and Sylvester cartoon and retold the cartoon to a confederate. Analyses compared gesture rate, type, and viewpoint (character, observer, dual) across groups. Communicative utility of gestures was measured via naïve coder ratings of whether a movement was a gesture, and the clarity of a gesture's meaning. The ASD group produced shorter narratives and fewer total gestures than the TD group. Accounting for narrative length, the ASD group produced fewer gestures per clause than the TD group; however, proportions of gesture types (iconic, deictic, beat, metaphoric, emblems) did not differ. Most notably, the ASD group's gestures were rated as less clearly gestures in terms of timing and well formedness, with lower certainty ratings for gesture meaning. Gesture clarity and gesture meaning scores were related to diagnostic measures of gesture competence in ASD. Findings suggest that although fluent children and adolescents with ASD use the same type of gestures as controls, their gestures are more difficult to understand, which has significant implications for their communicative abilities more broadly. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1785 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 [article] I tawt i taw a puddy tat: Gestures in canary row narrations by high-functioning youth with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura B. SILVERMAN, Auteur ; Inge-Marie EIGSTI, Auteur ; Loisa BENNETTO, Auteur . - p.1353-1363. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1353-1363 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  gesture  nonverbal communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined whether individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) produce co-speech gestures similarly to typically developing (TD) peers. Participants were 20 youth ages 10–18 years with high-functioning ASD and 21 TD controls matched on age, gender, verbal IQ, and handedness. Gestures were elicited using a classic narrative-retelling task, in which participants watched a Tweety and Sylvester cartoon and retold the cartoon to a confederate. Analyses compared gesture rate, type, and viewpoint (character, observer, dual) across groups. Communicative utility of gestures was measured via naïve coder ratings of whether a movement was a gesture, and the clarity of a gesture's meaning. The ASD group produced shorter narratives and fewer total gestures than the TD group. Accounting for narrative length, the ASD group produced fewer gestures per clause than the TD group; however, proportions of gesture types (iconic, deictic, beat, metaphoric, emblems) did not differ. Most notably, the ASD group's gestures were rated as less clearly gestures in terms of timing and well formedness, with lower certainty ratings for gesture meaning. Gesture clarity and gesture meaning scores were related to diagnostic measures of gesture competence in ASD. Findings suggest that although fluent children and adolescents with ASD use the same type of gestures as controls, their gestures are more difficult to understand, which has significant implications for their communicative abilities more broadly. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1785 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310

Latent constructs underlying sensory subtypes in children with autism: A preliminary study / Brittany N. HAND in Autism Research, 10-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1364-1371 Titre : Latent constructs underlying sensory subtypes in children with autism: A preliminary study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Brittany N. HAND, Auteur ; Simon DENNIS, Auteur ; Alison E. LANE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1364-1371 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  sensory subtypes  independent component analysis  sensory features  sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent reports identify sensory subtypes in ASD based on shared patterns of responses to daily sensory stimuli [Ausderau et al., 2014; Lane, Molloy, & Bishop, 2014]. Lane et al. propose that two broad sensory dimensions, sensory reactivity and multisensory integration, best explain the differences between subtypes, however this has yet to be tested. The present study tests this hypothesis by examining the latent constructs underlying Lane's sensory subtypes. Participants for this study were caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) aged 2–12 years. Caregiver responses on the Short Sensory Profile (SSP), used to establish Lane's sensory subtypes, were extracted from two existing datasets (total n?=?287). Independent component analyses were conducted to test the fit and interpretability of a two-construct structure underlying the SSP, and therefore, the sensory subtypes. The first construct was largely comprised of the taste/smell sensitivity domain, which describes hyper-reactivity to taste and smell stimuli. The second construct had a significant contribution from the low energy/weak domain, which describes behaviors that may be indicative of difficulties with multisensory integration. Findings provide initial support for our hypothesis that sensory reactivity and multisensory integration underlie Lane's sensory subtypes in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1787 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 [article] Latent constructs underlying sensory subtypes in children with autism: A preliminary study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Brittany N. HAND, Auteur ; Simon DENNIS, Auteur ; Alison E. LANE, Auteur . - p.1364-1371. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1364-1371 Mots-clés : autism  sensory subtypes  independent component analysis  sensory features  sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent reports identify sensory subtypes in ASD based on shared patterns of responses to daily sensory stimuli [Ausderau et al., 2014; Lane, Molloy, & Bishop, 2014]. Lane et al. propose that two broad sensory dimensions, sensory reactivity and multisensory integration, best explain the differences between subtypes, however this has yet to be tested. The present study tests this hypothesis by examining the latent constructs underlying Lane's sensory subtypes. Participants for this study were caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) aged 2–12 years. Caregiver responses on the Short Sensory Profile (SSP), used to establish Lane's sensory subtypes, were extracted from two existing datasets (total n?=?287). Independent component analyses were conducted to test the fit and interpretability of a two-construct structure underlying the SSP, and therefore, the sensory subtypes. The first construct was largely comprised of the taste/smell sensitivity domain, which describes hyper-reactivity to taste and smell stimuli. The second construct had a significant contribution from the low energy/weak domain, which describes behaviors that may be indicative of difficulties with multisensory integration. Findings provide initial support for our hypothesis that sensory reactivity and multisensory integration underlie Lane's sensory subtypes in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1787 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310

Infants at-risk for autism spectrum disorder: Patterns of vocalizations at 14 months / Dunia GARRIDO in Autism Research, 10-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1372-1383 Titre : Infants at-risk for autism spectrum disorder: Patterns of vocalizations at 14 months Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Dunia GARRIDO, Auteur ; Linda R. WATSON, Auteur ; Gloria CARBALLO, Auteur ; Rocio GARCIA-RETAMERO, Auteur ; Elizabeth R. CRAIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1372-1383 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  at-risk  early signs  speech  vocalizations Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Differences in the early development of children are crucial for early detection of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous studies have shown large differences between children later diagnosed with ASD and their typically developing peers in the early use of canonical vocalizations (i.e., vocalizations that include well-formed consonant–vowel syllables) and the use of vocalizations for communicative purposes. In this prospective study, we examined the extent to which infant vocalizations at 14 months would predict Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) diagnostic symptom groups, that is, Autism, Spectrum, and Non-ASD, for 82 community-identified at-risk infants at 23 months. Thirty-minute video samples were coded with the intention to categorize and quantify speech (canonical/noncanonical and directed/nondirected) and nonspeech vocalizations (atypical, distress, and pleasure vocalizations). Our results revealed that more canonical directed (OR?=?1.039, P?=?.036), and fewer noncanonical directed (OR=.607, P?=?.002) and noncanonical nondirected (OR?=?1.200, P?=?.049) vocalizations were associated with a greater likelihood of being in the Non-ASD group versus the Autism group, with no variables significantly predicting Autism versus Spectrum group membership. Despite some statistically significant findings, models performed poorly in classifying children into correct ASD symptom group at age 23 months based on vocalizations at 14 months. Thus, the utility of infant vocalizations alone for predicting toddler clinical outcomes among infants initially identified at an elevated risk for ASD appears limited; however, considering the structure and function of early vocalizations combined with other early developmental and behavioral features may improve the confidence for clinicians in making an early diagnosis of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1788 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 [article] Infants at-risk for autism spectrum disorder: Patterns of vocalizations at 14 months [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Dunia GARRIDO, Auteur ; Linda R. WATSON, Auteur ; Gloria CARBALLO, Auteur ; Rocio GARCIA-RETAMERO, Auteur ; Elizabeth R. CRAIS, Auteur . - p.1372-1383. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1372-1383 Mots-clés : autism  at-risk  early signs  speech  vocalizations Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Differences in the early development of children are crucial for early detection of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous studies have shown large differences between children later diagnosed with ASD and their typically developing peers in the early use of canonical vocalizations (i.e., vocalizations that include well-formed consonant–vowel syllables) and the use of vocalizations for communicative purposes. In this prospective study, we examined the extent to which infant vocalizations at 14 months would predict Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) diagnostic symptom groups, that is, Autism, Spectrum, and Non-ASD, for 82 community-identified at-risk infants at 23 months. Thirty-minute video samples were coded with the intention to categorize and quantify speech (canonical/noncanonical and directed/nondirected) and nonspeech vocalizations (atypical, distress, and pleasure vocalizations). Our results revealed that more canonical directed (OR?=?1.039, P?=?.036), and fewer noncanonical directed (OR=.607, P?=?.002) and noncanonical nondirected (OR?=?1.200, P?=?.049) vocalizations were associated with a greater likelihood of being in the Non-ASD group versus the Autism group, with no variables significantly predicting Autism versus Spectrum group membership. Despite some statistically significant findings, models performed poorly in classifying children into correct ASD symptom group at age 23 months based on vocalizations at 14 months. Thus, the utility of infant vocalizations alone for predicting toddler clinical outcomes among infants initially identified at an elevated risk for ASD appears limited; however, considering the structure and function of early vocalizations combined with other early developmental and behavioral features may improve the confidence for clinicians in making an early diagnosis of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1788 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310

Internal noise estimates correlate with autistic traits / Greta VILIDAITE in Autism Research, 10-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1384-1391 Titre : Internal noise estimates correlate with autistic traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Greta VILIDAITE, Auteur ; Miaomiao YU, Auteur ; Daniel H. BAKER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1384-1391 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : internal noise  neural noise  double-pass  sensory  autism quotient  decision making Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous neuroimaging research has reported increased internal (neural) noise in sensory systems of autistic individuals. However, it is unclear if this difference has behavioural or perceptual consequences, as previous attempts at measuring internal noise in ASD psychophysically have been indirect. Here, we use a “gold standard” psychophysical double-pass paradigm to investigate the relationship between internal noise and autistic traits in the neurotypical population (n?=?43). We measured internal noise in three tasks (contrast perception, facial expression intensity perception, and number summation) to estimate a global internal noise factor using principal components analysis. This global internal noise was positively correlated with autistic traits (rs?=?0.32, P?=?0.035). This suggests that increased internal noise is associated with the ASD phenotype even in subclinical populations. The finding is discussed in relation to the neural and genetic basis of internal noise in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1781 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 [article] Internal noise estimates correlate with autistic traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Greta VILIDAITE, Auteur ; Miaomiao YU, Auteur ; Daniel H. BAKER, Auteur . - p.1384-1391. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1384-1391 Mots-clés : internal noise  neural noise  double-pass  sensory  autism quotient  decision making Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous neuroimaging research has reported increased internal (neural) noise in sensory systems of autistic individuals. However, it is unclear if this difference has behavioural or perceptual consequences, as previous attempts at measuring internal noise in ASD psychophysically have been indirect. Here, we use a “gold standard” psychophysical double-pass paradigm to investigate the relationship between internal noise and autistic traits in the neurotypical population (n?=?43). We measured internal noise in three tasks (contrast perception, facial expression intensity perception, and number summation) to estimate a global internal noise factor using principal components analysis. This global internal noise was positively correlated with autistic traits (rs?=?0.32, P?=?0.035). This suggests that increased internal noise is associated with the ASD phenotype even in subclinical populations. The finding is discussed in relation to the neural and genetic basis of internal noise in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1781 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310

Global and local visual processing in autism: An objective assessment approach / Kritika NAYAR in Autism Research, 10-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1392-1404 Titre : Global and local visual processing in autism: An objective assessment approach Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kritika NAYAR, Auteur ; Angela C. VOYLES, Auteur ; Lynne KIORPES, Auteur ; Adriana DI MARTINO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1392-1404 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : global visual processing  local visual processing  Kanizsa illusory contours  eye tracking  autism spectrum disorder  match-to-sample task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined global and local visual processing in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) via a match-to-sample task using Kanizsa illusory contours (KIC). School-aged children with ASD (n?=?28) and age-matched typically developing controls (n?=?22; 7–13 years) performed a sequential match-to-sample between a solid shape (sample) and two illusory alternatives. We tracked eye gaze and behavioral performance in two task conditions: one with and one without local interference from background noise elements. While analyses revealed lower accuracy and longer reaction time in ASD in the condition with local interference only, eye tracking robustly captured ASD-related global atypicalities across both conditions. Specifically, relative to controls, children with ASD showed decreased fixations to KIC centers, indicating reduced global perception. Notably, they did not differ from controls in regard to fixations to local elements or touch response location. These results indicate impaired global perception in the absence of heightened local processing in ASD. They also underscore the utility of eye-tracking measures as objective indices of global/local visual processing strategies in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1782 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 [article] Global and local visual processing in autism: An objective assessment approach [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kritika NAYAR, Auteur ; Angela C. VOYLES, Auteur ; Lynne KIORPES, Auteur ; Adriana DI MARTINO, Auteur . - p.1392-1404. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1392-1404 Mots-clés : global visual processing  local visual processing  Kanizsa illusory contours  eye tracking  autism spectrum disorder  match-to-sample task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined global and local visual processing in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) via a match-to-sample task using Kanizsa illusory contours (KIC). School-aged children with ASD (n?=?28) and age-matched typically developing controls (n?=?22; 7–13 years) performed a sequential match-to-sample between a solid shape (sample) and two illusory alternatives. We tracked eye gaze and behavioral performance in two task conditions: one with and one without local interference from background noise elements. While analyses revealed lower accuracy and longer reaction time in ASD in the condition with local interference only, eye tracking robustly captured ASD-related global atypicalities across both conditions. Specifically, relative to controls, children with ASD showed decreased fixations to KIC centers, indicating reduced global perception. Notably, they did not differ from controls in regard to fixations to local elements or touch response location. These results indicate impaired global perception in the absence of heightened local processing in ASD. They also underscore the utility of eye-tracking measures as objective indices of global/local visual processing strategies in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1782 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310

Auditory spatial attention to speech and complex non-speech sounds in children with autism spectrum disorder / Laura N. SOSKEY in Autism Research, 10-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1405-1416 Titre : Auditory spatial attention to speech and complex non-speech sounds in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura N. SOSKEY, Auteur ; Paul D. ALLEN, Auteur ; Loisa BENNETTO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1405-1416 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  children  auditory spatial attention  acoustic complexity  speech Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : One of the earliest observable impairments in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a failure to orient to speech and other social stimuli. Auditory spatial attention, a key component of orienting to sounds in the environment, has been shown to be impaired in adults with ASD. Additionally, specific deficits in orienting to social sounds could be related to increased acoustic complexity of speech. We aimed to characterize auditory spatial attention in children with ASD and neurotypical controls, and to determine the effect of auditory stimulus complexity on spatial attention. In a spatial attention task, target and distractor sounds were played randomly in rapid succession from speakers in a free-field array. Participants attended to a central or peripheral location, and were instructed to respond to target sounds at the attended location while ignoring nearby sounds. Stimulus-specific blocks evaluated spatial attention for simple non-speech tones, speech sounds (vowels), and complex non-speech sounds matched to vowels on key acoustic properties. Children with ASD had significantly more diffuse auditory spatial attention than neurotypical children when attending front, indicated by increased responding to sounds at adjacent non-target locations. No significant differences in spatial attention emerged based on stimulus complexity. Additionally, in the ASD group, more diffuse spatial attention was associated with more severe ASD symptoms but not with general inattention symptoms. Spatial attention deficits have important implications for understanding social orienting deficits and atypical attentional processes that contribute to core deficits of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1790 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 [article] Auditory spatial attention to speech and complex non-speech sounds in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura N. SOSKEY, Auteur ; Paul D. ALLEN, Auteur ; Loisa BENNETTO, Auteur . - p.1405-1416. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1405-1416 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  children  auditory spatial attention  acoustic complexity  speech Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : One of the earliest observable impairments in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a failure to orient to speech and other social stimuli. Auditory spatial attention, a key component of orienting to sounds in the environment, has been shown to be impaired in adults with ASD. Additionally, specific deficits in orienting to social sounds could be related to increased acoustic complexity of speech. We aimed to characterize auditory spatial attention in children with ASD and neurotypical controls, and to determine the effect of auditory stimulus complexity on spatial attention. In a spatial attention task, target and distractor sounds were played randomly in rapid succession from speakers in a free-field array. Participants attended to a central or peripheral location, and were instructed to respond to target sounds at the attended location while ignoring nearby sounds. Stimulus-specific blocks evaluated spatial attention for simple non-speech tones, speech sounds (vowels), and complex non-speech sounds matched to vowels on key acoustic properties. Children with ASD had significantly more diffuse auditory spatial attention than neurotypical children when attending front, indicated by increased responding to sounds at adjacent non-target locations. No significant differences in spatial attention emerged based on stimulus complexity. Additionally, in the ASD group, more diffuse spatial attention was associated with more severe ASD symptoms but not with general inattention symptoms. Spatial attention deficits have important implications for understanding social orienting deficits and atypical attentional processes that contribute to core deficits of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1790 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310

Is there sexual dimorphism of hyperserotonemia in autism spectrum disorder? / Lauren C. SHUFFREY in Autism Research, 10-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1417-1423 Titre : Is there sexual dimorphism of hyperserotonemia in autism spectrum disorder? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lauren C. SHUFFREY, Auteur ; Stephen J. GUTER, Auteur ; Shannon DELANEY, Auteur ; Suma JACOB, Auteur ; George M. ANDERSON, Auteur ; James S. SUTCLIFFE, Auteur ; Edwin H. Jr COOK, Auteur ; Jeremy VEENSTRA-VANDERWEELE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1417-1423 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : serotonin  5-HT  autism spectrum disorder  hyperserotonemia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Approximately 30% of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have elevated whole blood serotonin (5-HT) levels. Genetic linkage and association studies of ASD and of whole blood 5-HT levels as a quantitative trait have revealed sexual dimorphism. Few studies have examined the presence of a sex difference on hyperserotonemia within ASD. To assess whether the rate of hyperserotonemia is different in males than in females with ASD, we measured whole blood 5-HT levels in 292 children and adolescents with ASD, the largest sample in which this biomarker has been assessed. Based upon previous work suggesting that hyperserotonemia is more common prior to puberty, we focused our analysis on the 182 pre-pubertal children with ASD. 42% of pre-pubertal participants were within the hyperserotonemia range. In this population, we found that males were significantly more likely to manifest hyperserotonemia than females (P?=?0.03). As expected, no significant difference was found in the post-pubertal population. Additional work will be needed to replicate this intriguing finding and to understand whether it could potentially explain differences in patterns of ASD risk between males and females. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1791 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 [article] Is there sexual dimorphism of hyperserotonemia in autism spectrum disorder? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lauren C. SHUFFREY, Auteur ; Stephen J. GUTER, Auteur ; Shannon DELANEY, Auteur ; Suma JACOB, Auteur ; George M. ANDERSON, Auteur ; James S. SUTCLIFFE, Auteur ; Edwin H. Jr COOK, Auteur ; Jeremy VEENSTRA-VANDERWEELE, Auteur . - p.1417-1423. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1417-1423 Mots-clés : serotonin  5-HT  autism spectrum disorder  hyperserotonemia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Approximately 30% of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have elevated whole blood serotonin (5-HT) levels. Genetic linkage and association studies of ASD and of whole blood 5-HT levels as a quantitative trait have revealed sexual dimorphism. Few studies have examined the presence of a sex difference on hyperserotonemia within ASD. To assess whether the rate of hyperserotonemia is different in males than in females with ASD, we measured whole blood 5-HT levels in 292 children and adolescents with ASD, the largest sample in which this biomarker has been assessed. Based upon previous work suggesting that hyperserotonemia is more common prior to puberty, we focused our analysis on the 182 pre-pubertal children with ASD. 42% of pre-pubertal participants were within the hyperserotonemia range. In this population, we found that males were significantly more likely to manifest hyperserotonemia than females (P?=?0.03). As expected, no significant difference was found in the post-pubertal population. Additional work will be needed to replicate this intriguing finding and to understand whether it could potentially explain differences in patterns of ASD risk between males and females. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1791 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310

Identification of likely associations between cerebral folate deficiency and complex genetic- and metabolic pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders by utilization of a pilot interaction modeling approach / Daniel KRSI?KA in Autism Research, 10-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1424-1435 Titre : Identification of likely associations between cerebral folate deficiency and complex genetic- and metabolic pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders by utilization of a pilot interaction modeling approach Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Daniel KRSI?KA, Auteur ; Jan GERYK, Auteur ; Markéta VL?KOVÁ, Auteur ; Marketa HAVLOVICOVA, Auteur ; Milan MACEK, Auteur ; Radka POUROVÁ, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1424-1435 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  cerebral folate deficiency  knowledge databases  folate  genetic variation  interaction modeling  metabolic pathways Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recently, cerebral folate deficiency (CFD) was suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, the exact role of folate metabolism in the pathogenesis of ASD, identification of underlying pathogenic mechanisms and impaired metabolic pathways remain unexplained. The aim of our study was to develop and test a novel, unbiased, bioinformatics approach in order to identify links between ASD and disturbed cerebral metabolism by focusing on abnormal folate metabolism, which could foster patient stratification and novel therapeutic interventions. An unbiased, automatable, computational workflow interaction model was developed using available data from public databases. The interaction network model of ASD-associated genes with known cerebral expression and function (SFARI) and metabolic networks (MetScape), including connections to known metabolic substrates, metabolites and cofactors involving folates, was established. Intersection of bioinformatically created networks resulted in a limited amount of interaction modules pointing to common disturbed metabolic pathways, linking ASD to CFD. Two independent interaction modules (comprising three pathways) covering enzymes encoded by ASD-related genes and folate cofactors utilizing enzymes were generated. Module 1 suggested possible interference of CFD with serine and lysine metabolism, while module 2 identified correlations with purine metabolism and inosine monophosphate production. Since our approach was primarily conceived as a proof of principle, further amendments of the presented initial model are necessary to obtain additional actionable outcomes. Our modelling strategy identified not only previously known interactions supported by evidence-based analyses, but also novel plausible interactions, which could be validated in subsequent functional and/or clinical studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1780 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 [article] Identification of likely associations between cerebral folate deficiency and complex genetic- and metabolic pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders by utilization of a pilot interaction modeling approach [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Daniel KRSI?KA, Auteur ; Jan GERYK, Auteur ; Markéta VL?KOVÁ, Auteur ; Marketa HAVLOVICOVA, Auteur ; Milan MACEK, Auteur ; Radka POUROVÁ, Auteur . - p.1424-1435. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1424-1435 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  cerebral folate deficiency  knowledge databases  folate  genetic variation  interaction modeling  metabolic pathways Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recently, cerebral folate deficiency (CFD) was suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, the exact role of folate metabolism in the pathogenesis of ASD, identification of underlying pathogenic mechanisms and impaired metabolic pathways remain unexplained. The aim of our study was to develop and test a novel, unbiased, bioinformatics approach in order to identify links between ASD and disturbed cerebral metabolism by focusing on abnormal folate metabolism, which could foster patient stratification and novel therapeutic interventions. An unbiased, automatable, computational workflow interaction model was developed using available data from public databases. The interaction network model of ASD-associated genes with known cerebral expression and function (SFARI) and metabolic networks (MetScape), including connections to known metabolic substrates, metabolites and cofactors involving folates, was established. Intersection of bioinformatically created networks resulted in a limited amount of interaction modules pointing to common disturbed metabolic pathways, linking ASD to CFD. Two independent interaction modules (comprising three pathways) covering enzymes encoded by ASD-related genes and folate cofactors utilizing enzymes were generated. Module 1 suggested possible interference of CFD with serine and lysine metabolism, while module 2 identified correlations with purine metabolism and inosine monophosphate production. Since our approach was primarily conceived as a proof of principle, further amendments of the presented initial model are necessary to obtain additional actionable outcomes. Our modelling strategy identified not only previously known interactions supported by evidence-based analyses, but also novel plausible interactions, which could be validated in subsequent functional and/or clinical studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1780 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310

Priority service needs and receipt across the lifespan for individuals with autism spectrum disorder / Jonathan K. Y. LAI in Autism Research, 10-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1436-1447 Titre : Priority service needs and receipt across the lifespan for individuals with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jonathan K. Y. LAI, Auteur ; Jonathan A. WEISS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1436-1447 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  predictors  service need  service receipt  priority needs Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have a range of health, community, and social support needs across the lifespan that create age-specific challenges in navigating service sectors. In this study, we set out to identify the priority needs of individuals with ASD across the lifespan, and the factors that predict receiving priority services. Participants included 3,317 individuals with ASD from a Canada-wide online caregiver survey, stratified into five age groups (preschool, elementary school age, adolescence, emerging adulthood, adulthood). Priority receipt was calculated as a ratio of current services that corresponded to individualized priority need. Age-stratified Poisson regression analyses were used to identify the sociodemographic, clinical and systemic predictors of priority receipt. Results indicate that the distribution of priority need varied by age, except for social skills programming, which was a high across all groups. The number of high and moderate priority needs diversified with age. Overall, 30% of individuals had none of their priority needs met and priority receipt decreased with age. Systemic factors were most consistently related to priority receipt across the lifespan. Understanding patterns and correlates of priority needs and use that currently exist in different age groups can inform policies to improve service access. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1786 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 [article] Priority service needs and receipt across the lifespan for individuals with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jonathan K. Y. LAI, Auteur ; Jonathan A. WEISS, Auteur . - p.1436-1447. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1436-1447 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  predictors  service need  service receipt  priority needs Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have a range of health, community, and social support needs across the lifespan that create age-specific challenges in navigating service sectors. In this study, we set out to identify the priority needs of individuals with ASD across the lifespan, and the factors that predict receiving priority services. Participants included 3,317 individuals with ASD from a Canada-wide online caregiver survey, stratified into five age groups (preschool, elementary school age, adolescence, emerging adulthood, adulthood). Priority receipt was calculated as a ratio of current services that corresponded to individualized priority need. Age-stratified Poisson regression analyses were used to identify the sociodemographic, clinical and systemic predictors of priority receipt. Results indicate that the distribution of priority need varied by age, except for social skills programming, which was a high across all groups. The number of high and moderate priority needs diversified with age. Overall, 30% of individuals had none of their priority needs met and priority receipt decreased with age. Systemic factors were most consistently related to priority receipt across the lifespan. Understanding patterns and correlates of priority needs and use that currently exist in different age groups can inform policies to improve service access. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1786 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310

Scientific Summaries for Families with ASD in Autism Research, 10-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1448-1452 Titre : Scientific Summaries for Families with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.1448-1452 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1849 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 [article] Scientific Summaries for Families with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.1448-1452. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1448-1452 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1849 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310

INSAR President's Message – August 2017 in Autism Research, 10-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1453-1454 Titre : INSAR President's Message – August 2017 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.1453-1454 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1840 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310 [article] INSAR President's Message – August 2017 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.1453-1454. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-8 (August 2017) . - p.1453-1454 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1840 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=310