Dépouillements

The experiences of adults with autism spectrum disorder: Self-determination and quality of life / So Yoon KIM in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 60 (April 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.1-15 Titre : The experiences of adults with autism spectrum disorder: Self-determination and quality of life Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : So Yoon KIM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-15 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adults  Autism spectrum disorder  First-person experience  Self-determination  Quality of life  Review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Researchers have suggested self-determined individuals are more likely to initiate changes to achieve specific goals, resulting in higher quality of life (QoL). However, the links between self-determination and overall life experiences and QoL of adults with ASD are not well understood. Method A qualitative review based on critical interpretive synthesis (CIS) framework was conducted to investigate what is currently known about the association between self-determination and the life experiences of adults with ASD. A comprehensive structured literature search was conducted to locate empirical studies in peer-reviewed journals that described first-hand experiences of individuals with ASD over 18 years of age. Of 44 identified studies, 14 studies included evidence of self-determined behaviors in adults with ASD. Results Self-determination is implicated in five domains of life experiences– employment status, social participation, advocacy, positive identity, and stress management –and individuals with ASD perceive a relationship between self-determination and QoL. Limitations in the current literature on adults with ASD are identified. Conclusions Services and supports that provide more natural opportunities for acquiring and exercising self-determination skills are needed to promote QoL of adults with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.12.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387 [article] The experiences of adults with autism spectrum disorder: Self-determination and quality of life [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / So Yoon KIM, Auteur . - p.1-15. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.1-15 Mots-clés : Adults  Autism spectrum disorder  First-person experience  Self-determination  Quality of life  Review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Researchers have suggested self-determined individuals are more likely to initiate changes to achieve specific goals, resulting in higher quality of life (QoL). However, the links between self-determination and overall life experiences and QoL of adults with ASD are not well understood. Method A qualitative review based on critical interpretive synthesis (CIS) framework was conducted to investigate what is currently known about the association between self-determination and the life experiences of adults with ASD. A comprehensive structured literature search was conducted to locate empirical studies in peer-reviewed journals that described first-hand experiences of individuals with ASD over 18 years of age. Of 44 identified studies, 14 studies included evidence of self-determined behaviors in adults with ASD. Results Self-determination is implicated in five domains of life experiences– employment status, social participation, advocacy, positive identity, and stress management –and individuals with ASD perceive a relationship between self-determination and QoL. Limitations in the current literature on adults with ASD are identified. Conclusions Services and supports that provide more natural opportunities for acquiring and exercising self-determination skills are needed to promote QoL of adults with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.12.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387

How perceived support relates to child autism symptoms and care-related stress in parents caring for a child with autism / Sonja GOEDEKE in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 60 (April 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.36-47 Titre : How perceived support relates to child autism symptoms and care-related stress in parents caring for a child with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sonja GOEDEKE, Auteur ; Daniel SHEPHERD, Auteur ; Jason LANDON, Auteur ; Steve TAYLOR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.36-47 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Perceived support  Care-related stress  ASD symptoms Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Caring for a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be stressful and subsequently affect parents’ ability to manage their child’s symptoms. In this research, we explore the effects of perceived levels of support on parents’ care-related stress and on ASD symptoms. Method Participants (n?=?585) completed an online survey which included ratings of support (partner, family, friend, professionals), how they perceived their child’s symptoms, their care-related stress, and ratings of their child’s interventions. Results Results indicate that parents perceive partners and families as providing greater support than friends and professionals. However, perceptions of family support decrease with both parent and child age. Perceived family support did not appear to influence parents’ perceptions of their child’s symptoms, although partner support moderated the relationship between particular symptom subsets and care-related stress. Professional support was related to a decrease in care-related stress levels. Finally, some sources of support were associated with perceived effectiveness and stress reduction in relation to specific interventions. Conclusions Partners and family provide an important support role for parents yet may need education and support to assist them in this role on an ongoing basis. Understanding how professionals can better support parents in their caregiving role is also important. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.01.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387 [article] How perceived support relates to child autism symptoms and care-related stress in parents caring for a child with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sonja GOEDEKE, Auteur ; Daniel SHEPHERD, Auteur ; Jason LANDON, Auteur ; Steve TAYLOR, Auteur . - p.36-47. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.36-47 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Perceived support  Care-related stress  ASD symptoms Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Caring for a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be stressful and subsequently affect parents’ ability to manage their child’s symptoms. In this research, we explore the effects of perceived levels of support on parents’ care-related stress and on ASD symptoms. Method Participants (n?=?585) completed an online survey which included ratings of support (partner, family, friend, professionals), how they perceived their child’s symptoms, their care-related stress, and ratings of their child’s interventions. Results Results indicate that parents perceive partners and families as providing greater support than friends and professionals. However, perceptions of family support decrease with both parent and child age. Perceived family support did not appear to influence parents’ perceptions of their child’s symptoms, although partner support moderated the relationship between particular symptom subsets and care-related stress. Professional support was related to a decrease in care-related stress levels. Finally, some sources of support were associated with perceived effectiveness and stress reduction in relation to specific interventions. Conclusions Partners and family provide an important support role for parents yet may need education and support to assist them in this role on an ongoing basis. Understanding how professionals can better support parents in their caregiving role is also important. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.01.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387

General health of adults with autism spectrum disorders – A whole country population cross-sectional study / Ewelina RYDZEWSKA in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 60 (April 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.59-66 Titre : General health of adults with autism spectrum disorders – A whole country population cross-sectional study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ewelina RYDZEWSKA, Auteur ; Laura A. HUGHES-MCCORMACK, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Angela HENDERSON, Auteur ; Cecilia MACINTYRE, Auteur ; Julie RINTOUL, Auteur ; Sally-Ann COOPER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.59-66 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Adults  General health status  Health inequalities  Observational study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background General health status in adult populations with autism spectrum disorders has been little studied. We aimed to investigate general health status and predictors of poor health in adults with autism spectrum disorders compared with other adults. Method Whole country data were drawn from Scotland’s Census, 2011. We calculated and compared the frequencies of health status in adults with and without autism spectrum disorders. We then used logistic regressions to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of autism predicting poor general health in the whole population, adjusted for age and gender, and OR (95% CI) of age and gender predicting poor general health within the autism spectrum disorders population. Results Autism spectrum disorders were reported for 6649/3,746,584 (0.2%) adults aged 25+years, of whom 46.8% (N?=?3111) had poor general health, compared with 23.7% (N?=?887,878) of other people. Poor health was common across the entire lifecourse for adults with autism spectrum disorders. Autism had OR?=?5.1 (4.9–5.4, 95% CI) for predicting poor general health, or OR?=?7.5 (6.9–8.2, 95% CI) when the interaction with age was included. Poorer health was more common at older age, and for women. Conclusions Poor general health merits attention across the full lifecourse for adults with autism. Health practitioners need to be alert to the burden of potential health problems to seek them out to be addressed, and so the health agenda can turn towards potential mechanisms for prevention and better support for adults who may call upon services for people with autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.01.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387 [article] General health of adults with autism spectrum disorders – A whole country population cross-sectional study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ewelina RYDZEWSKA, Auteur ; Laura A. HUGHES-MCCORMACK, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Angela HENDERSON, Auteur ; Cecilia MACINTYRE, Auteur ; Julie RINTOUL, Auteur ; Sally-Ann COOPER, Auteur . - p.59-66. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.59-66 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Adults  General health status  Health inequalities  Observational study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background General health status in adult populations with autism spectrum disorders has been little studied. We aimed to investigate general health status and predictors of poor health in adults with autism spectrum disorders compared with other adults. Method Whole country data were drawn from Scotland’s Census, 2011. We calculated and compared the frequencies of health status in adults with and without autism spectrum disorders. We then used logistic regressions to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of autism predicting poor general health in the whole population, adjusted for age and gender, and OR (95% CI) of age and gender predicting poor general health within the autism spectrum disorders population. Results Autism spectrum disorders were reported for 6649/3,746,584 (0.2%) adults aged 25+years, of whom 46.8% (N?=?3111) had poor general health, compared with 23.7% (N?=?887,878) of other people. Poor health was common across the entire lifecourse for adults with autism spectrum disorders. Autism had OR?=?5.1 (4.9–5.4, 95% CI) for predicting poor general health, or OR?=?7.5 (6.9–8.2, 95% CI) when the interaction with age was included. Poorer health was more common at older age, and for women. Conclusions Poor general health merits attention across the full lifecourse for adults with autism. Health practitioners need to be alert to the burden of potential health problems to seek them out to be addressed, and so the health agenda can turn towards potential mechanisms for prevention and better support for adults who may call upon services for people with autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.01.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387

Homozygosity for the 10-repeat dopamine transporter (DAT1) allele is associated with reduced EEG response in males with ASD / Calvin P. SJAARDA in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 60 (April 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.25-35 Titre : Homozygosity for the 10-repeat dopamine transporter (DAT1) allele is associated with reduced EEG response in males with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Calvin P. SJAARDA, Auteur ; Mark A. SABBAGH, Auteur ; Shalandra WOOD, Auteur ; Jessica WARD-KING, Auteur ; Amy J. M. MCNAUGHTON, Auteur ; Melissa L. HUDSON, Auteur ; Mingda TAO, Auteur ; Muhammad AYUB, Auteur ; Xudong LIU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.25-35 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  Autism  Electroencephalogram  DAT1  Dopamine  Face processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have reduced interest in human faces and atypical event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in response to face stimuli, suggesting that face processing may be a functional marker of ASD susceptibility. Method This report explored the visual processing of individuals with ASD (n?=?50) compared with their first-degree relatives (n?=?117) using electroencephalogram (EEG), and associated EEG response with specific polymorphisms in the COMT, OXTR, SLC6A4 and DAT1 genes. Results Polymorphisms in the COMT and OXTR genes were not associated with any specific EEG response; on the other hand, the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism located upstream of SLC6A4 was associated with increased latency of the P1 component of the EEG response, and DAT1 genotype correlated with reduced amplitude of the N170 component in male participants with ASD. Conclusion These results suggest an interaction between DAT1 genotype and male participants with ASD characterized by reduced cognitive performance when processing faces as measured by EEG. Identifying ASD functional markers and grouping individuals with shared genetic biomarkers or endophenotypes may facilitate greater understanding of the heterogeneity underlying ASD leading to improved diagnosis and treatment of ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.12.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387 [article] Homozygosity for the 10-repeat dopamine transporter (DAT1) allele is associated with reduced EEG response in males with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Calvin P. SJAARDA, Auteur ; Mark A. SABBAGH, Auteur ; Shalandra WOOD, Auteur ; Jessica WARD-KING, Auteur ; Amy J. M. MCNAUGHTON, Auteur ; Melissa L. HUDSON, Auteur ; Mingda TAO, Auteur ; Muhammad AYUB, Auteur ; Xudong LIU, Auteur . - p.25-35. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.25-35 Mots-clés : ASD  Autism  Electroencephalogram  DAT1  Dopamine  Face processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have reduced interest in human faces and atypical event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in response to face stimuli, suggesting that face processing may be a functional marker of ASD susceptibility. Method This report explored the visual processing of individuals with ASD (n?=?50) compared with their first-degree relatives (n?=?117) using electroencephalogram (EEG), and associated EEG response with specific polymorphisms in the COMT, OXTR, SLC6A4 and DAT1 genes. Results Polymorphisms in the COMT and OXTR genes were not associated with any specific EEG response; on the other hand, the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism located upstream of SLC6A4 was associated with increased latency of the P1 component of the EEG response, and DAT1 genotype correlated with reduced amplitude of the N170 component in male participants with ASD. Conclusion These results suggest an interaction between DAT1 genotype and male participants with ASD characterized by reduced cognitive performance when processing faces as measured by EEG. Identifying ASD functional markers and grouping individuals with shared genetic biomarkers or endophenotypes may facilitate greater understanding of the heterogeneity underlying ASD leading to improved diagnosis and treatment of ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.12.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387

Autism and employment: What works / Susan M. HAYWARD in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 60 (April 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.48-58 Titre : Autism and employment: What works Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Susan M. HAYWARD, Auteur ; Keith R. MCVILLY, Auteur ; Mark A. STOKES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.48-58 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  Diversity  Human resources  Inclusion  Sustainability  Women Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Introduction People with autism have been identified as having a substantial contribution to make in the technology sector. Their intellectual abilities coupled with their focus and attention to detail have been recognized as desirable traits making them highly productive. However, these individuals report difficulties in employment, and there is a paucity of literature concerning the factors that attract and retain them; particularly from their viewpoint. Method Data was collected from 76 adults; 44 with autism and 32 neuro-typical (NT; i.e., adults without autism). Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis in which the major themes of: work relationships, and environment; as well as person-organization fit, diversity climate, and bargaining emerged. Quantitative analysis then determined if these themes were more/less likely to be reported by individuals with autism. Results Those with autism (vs NT individuals) were more likely to indicate enablers, or reasons for occupational longevity consistent with collegial understanding, the physical occupational environment, and circumstances that limited contact with others. Conclusions The results reflect what is known clinically about Autism Spectrum Disorder, and are consistent with Conservation of Resources and Social Exchange theories. It was concluded that vocational assistance for individuals with autism requires intervention at both individual and organizational levels. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.01.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387 [article] Autism and employment: What works [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Susan M. HAYWARD, Auteur ; Keith R. MCVILLY, Auteur ; Mark A. STOKES, Auteur . - p.48-58. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.48-58 Mots-clés : ASD  Diversity  Human resources  Inclusion  Sustainability  Women Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Introduction People with autism have been identified as having a substantial contribution to make in the technology sector. Their intellectual abilities coupled with their focus and attention to detail have been recognized as desirable traits making them highly productive. However, these individuals report difficulties in employment, and there is a paucity of literature concerning the factors that attract and retain them; particularly from their viewpoint. Method Data was collected from 76 adults; 44 with autism and 32 neuro-typical (NT; i.e., adults without autism). Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis in which the major themes of: work relationships, and environment; as well as person-organization fit, diversity climate, and bargaining emerged. Quantitative analysis then determined if these themes were more/less likely to be reported by individuals with autism. Results Those with autism (vs NT individuals) were more likely to indicate enablers, or reasons for occupational longevity consistent with collegial understanding, the physical occupational environment, and circumstances that limited contact with others. Conclusions The results reflect what is known clinically about Autism Spectrum Disorder, and are consistent with Conservation of Resources and Social Exchange theories. It was concluded that vocational assistance for individuals with autism requires intervention at both individual and organizational levels. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.01.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387

Predictors of handwriting performance among children with autism spectrum disorder / Sara ROSENBLUM in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 60 (April 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.16-24 Titre : Predictors of handwriting performance among children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sara ROSENBLUM, Auteur ; Hemda AMIT BEN-SIMHON, Auteur ; Sonya MEYER, Auteur ; Eynat GAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.16-24 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Handwriting  Executive functions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Literature indicates that deficient handwriting abilities among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) relate especially to their overall legibility and speed. The aim of this study was to investigate further whether the handwriting production process in children with ASD relates to lower-level processes, such as visual perception, motor coordination, and visual-motor integration, and to higher-level processes, such as executive functions. Method Sixty children aged 9–12 years, including 30 children with ASD and 30 controls with typical development participated in the study. Parents completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) questionnaire. The children were tested using the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (VMI-V) and performed a story-writing task on a sheet of paper affixed to an electroic tablet of ComPET, a computerized penmanship evaluation tool. Results Significant differences were found between children with ASD and children with typical development in executive function, in all BRIEF scales, and in the visual-motor integration and motor coordination sections of the VMI-V, but not in the VMI-V visual-perception subtest. Visual-motor integration did not predict handwriting process measures. However, executive functions—specifically working memory and shifting—correlated with the handwriting process measures of children with ASD and were found to predict the handwriting. Conclusion The results of this study provide further insight into the handwriting difficulties of children with ASD by highlighting the role of executive functions, specifically working memory and shifting, in the story-writing process of children with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.01.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387 [article] Predictors of handwriting performance among children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sara ROSENBLUM, Auteur ; Hemda AMIT BEN-SIMHON, Auteur ; Sonya MEYER, Auteur ; Eynat GAL, Auteur . - p.16-24. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.16-24 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Handwriting  Executive functions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Literature indicates that deficient handwriting abilities among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) relate especially to their overall legibility and speed. The aim of this study was to investigate further whether the handwriting production process in children with ASD relates to lower-level processes, such as visual perception, motor coordination, and visual-motor integration, and to higher-level processes, such as executive functions. Method Sixty children aged 9–12 years, including 30 children with ASD and 30 controls with typical development participated in the study. Parents completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) questionnaire. The children were tested using the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (VMI-V) and performed a story-writing task on a sheet of paper affixed to an electroic tablet of ComPET, a computerized penmanship evaluation tool. Results Significant differences were found between children with ASD and children with typical development in executive function, in all BRIEF scales, and in the visual-motor integration and motor coordination sections of the VMI-V, but not in the VMI-V visual-perception subtest. Visual-motor integration did not predict handwriting process measures. However, executive functions—specifically working memory and shifting—correlated with the handwriting process measures of children with ASD and were found to predict the handwriting. Conclusion The results of this study provide further insight into the handwriting difficulties of children with ASD by highlighting the role of executive functions, specifically working memory and shifting, in the story-writing process of children with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.01.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387