Brain structure abnormalities in adolescent girls with conduct disorder / Graeme FAIRCHILD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-1 (January 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-1 (January 2013) . - 86-95 Titre : Brain structure abnormalities in adolescent girls with conduct disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Graeme FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Cindy C. HAGAN, Auteur ; Nicholas D. WALSH, Auteur ; Luca PASSAMONTI, Auteur ; Andrew J. CALDER, Auteur ; Ian M. GOODYER, Auteur Article en page(s) : 86-95 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Conduct disorder  callous-unemotional traits  voxel-based morphometry  anterior insula  amygdala  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Conduct disorder (CD) in female adolescents is associated with a range of negative outcomes, including teenage pregnancy and antisocial personality disorder. Although recent studies have documented changes in brain structure and function in male adolescents with CD, there have been no neuroimaging studies of female adolescents with CD. Our primary objective was to investigate whether female adolescents with CD show changes in grey matter volume. Our secondary aim was to assess for sex differences in the relationship between CD and brain structure. Methods: Female adolescents with CD (n = 22) and healthy control participants matched in age, performance IQ and handedness (n = 20) underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging. Group comparisons of grey matter volume were performed using voxel-based morphometry. We also tested for sex differences using archive data obtained from male CD and control participants. Results: Female adolescents with CD showed reduced bilateral anterior insula and right striatal grey matter volumes compared with healthy controls. Aggressive CD symptoms were negatively correlated with right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex volume, whereas callous-unemotional traits were positively correlated with bilateral orbitofrontal cortex volume. The sex differences analyses revealed a main effect of diagnosis on right amygdala volume (reflecting reduced amygdala volume in the combined CD group relative to controls) and sex-by-diagnosis interactions in bilateral anterior insula. Conclusions: We observed structural abnormalities in brain regions involved in emotion processing, reward and empathy in female adolescents with CD, which broadly overlap with those reported in previous studies of CD in male adolescents. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02617.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=186 [article] Brain structure abnormalities in adolescent girls with conduct disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Graeme FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Cindy C. HAGAN, Auteur ; Nicholas D. WALSH, Auteur ; Luca PASSAMONTI, Auteur ; Andrew J. CALDER, Auteur ; Ian M. GOODYER, Auteur . - 86-95. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-1 (January 2013) . - 86-95 Mots-clés : Conduct disorder  callous-unemotional traits  voxel-based morphometry  anterior insula  amygdala  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Conduct disorder (CD) in female adolescents is associated with a range of negative outcomes, including teenage pregnancy and antisocial personality disorder. Although recent studies have documented changes in brain structure and function in male adolescents with CD, there have been no neuroimaging studies of female adolescents with CD. Our primary objective was to investigate whether female adolescents with CD show changes in grey matter volume. Our secondary aim was to assess for sex differences in the relationship between CD and brain structure. Methods: Female adolescents with CD (n = 22) and healthy control participants matched in age, performance IQ and handedness (n = 20) underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging. Group comparisons of grey matter volume were performed using voxel-based morphometry. We also tested for sex differences using archive data obtained from male CD and control participants. Results: Female adolescents with CD showed reduced bilateral anterior insula and right striatal grey matter volumes compared with healthy controls. Aggressive CD symptoms were negatively correlated with right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex volume, whereas callous-unemotional traits were positively correlated with bilateral orbitofrontal cortex volume. The sex differences analyses revealed a main effect of diagnosis on right amygdala volume (reflecting reduced amygdala volume in the combined CD group relative to controls) and sex-by-diagnosis interactions in bilateral anterior insula. Conclusions: We observed structural abnormalities in brain regions involved in emotion processing, reward and empathy in female adolescents with CD, which broadly overlap with those reported in previous studies of CD in male adolescents. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02617.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=186

Mapping the structural organization of the brain in conduct disorder: replication of findings in two independent samples / Graeme FAIRCHILD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-9 (September 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-9 (September 2016) . - p.1018-1026 Titre : Mapping the structural organization of the brain in conduct disorder: replication of findings in two independent samples Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Graeme FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Nicola TOSCHI, Auteur ; Kate SULLY, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Cindy C. HAGAN, Auteur ; Stefano DICIOTTI, Auteur ; Ian M. GOODYER, Auteur ; Andrew J. CALDER, Auteur ; Luca PASSAMONTI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1018-1026 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cortical thickness  structural covariance  conduct disorder  antisocial behavior  developmental taxonomic theory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Neuroimaging methods that allow researchers to investigate structural covariance between brain regions are increasingly being used to study psychiatric disorders. Structural covariance analyses are particularly well suited for studying disorders with putative neurodevelopmental origins as they appear sensitive to changes in the synchronized maturation of different brain regions. We assessed interregional correlations in cortical thickness as a measure of structural covariance, and applied this method to investigate the coordinated development of different brain regions in conduct disorder (CD). We also assessed whether structural covariance measures could differentiate between the childhood-onset (CO-CD) and adolescence-onset (AO-CD) subtypes of CD, which may differ in terms of etiology and adult outcomes. Methods We examined interregional correlations in cortical thickness in male youths with CO-CD or AO-CD relative to healthy controls (HCs) in two independent datasets. The age range in the Cambridge sample was 16–21 years (mean: 18.0), whereas the age range of the Southampton sample was 13–18 years (mean: 16.7). We used FreeSurfer to perform segmentations and applied structural covariance methods to the resulting parcellations. Results In both samples, CO-CD participants displayed a strikingly higher number of significant cross-cortical correlations compared to HC or AO-CD participants, whereas AO-CD participants presented fewer significant correlations than HCs. Group differences in the strength of the interregional correlations were observed in both samples, and each set of results remained significant when controlling for IQ and comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms. Conclusions This study provides new evidence for quantitative differences in structural brain organization between the CO-CD and AO-CD subtypes, and supports the hypothesis that both subtypes of CD have neurodevelopmental origins. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12581 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 [article] Mapping the structural organization of the brain in conduct disorder: replication of findings in two independent samples [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Graeme FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Nicola TOSCHI, Auteur ; Kate SULLY, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Cindy C. HAGAN, Auteur ; Stefano DICIOTTI, Auteur ; Ian M. GOODYER, Auteur ; Andrew J. CALDER, Auteur ; Luca PASSAMONTI, Auteur . - p.1018-1026. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-9 (September 2016) . - p.1018-1026 Mots-clés : Cortical thickness  structural covariance  conduct disorder  antisocial behavior  developmental taxonomic theory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Neuroimaging methods that allow researchers to investigate structural covariance between brain regions are increasingly being used to study psychiatric disorders. Structural covariance analyses are particularly well suited for studying disorders with putative neurodevelopmental origins as they appear sensitive to changes in the synchronized maturation of different brain regions. We assessed interregional correlations in cortical thickness as a measure of structural covariance, and applied this method to investigate the coordinated development of different brain regions in conduct disorder (CD). We also assessed whether structural covariance measures could differentiate between the childhood-onset (CO-CD) and adolescence-onset (AO-CD) subtypes of CD, which may differ in terms of etiology and adult outcomes. Methods We examined interregional correlations in cortical thickness in male youths with CO-CD or AO-CD relative to healthy controls (HCs) in two independent datasets. The age range in the Cambridge sample was 16–21 years (mean: 18.0), whereas the age range of the Southampton sample was 13–18 years (mean: 16.7). We used FreeSurfer to perform segmentations and applied structural covariance methods to the resulting parcellations. Results In both samples, CO-CD participants displayed a strikingly higher number of significant cross-cortical correlations compared to HC or AO-CD participants, whereas AO-CD participants presented fewer significant correlations than HCs. Group differences in the strength of the interregional correlations were observed in both samples, and each set of results remained significant when controlling for IQ and comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms. Conclusions This study provides new evidence for quantitative differences in structural brain organization between the CO-CD and AO-CD subtypes, and supports the hypothesis that both subtypes of CD have neurodevelopmental origins. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12581 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292

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