Beyond Expectations: Autism, Understanding Embarrassment, and the Relationship with Theory of Mind / Ashleigh HILLIER in Autism, 6-3 (September 2002)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 6-3 (September 2002) . - p.299-314 Titre : Beyond Expectations: Autism, Understanding Embarrassment, and the Relationship with Theory of Mind Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ashleigh HILLIER, Auteur ; Lesley ALLINSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.299-314 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The ability of high-functioning individuals with autism to understand the complex emotion of embarrassment, and how this relates to an understanding of theory of mind, was investigated. Scenarios involving embarrassing and non-embarrassing situations were presented to a group with autism and three comparison groups. Participants were required to rate the level of embarrassment felt by the protagonist and to justify their choices. The results indicated that those with autism generally gave similar ratings of embarrassment as the comparison groups, but did show significant difficulty with non-embarrassing scenarios, and in providing appropriate justifications for embarrassment. In addition, a significant relationship between scores from false belief tasks and justification scores was found, supporting the proposed link between theory of mind skills and understanding embarrassment. Participants with autism did, however, show a higher than expected understanding of this complex emotion. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361302006003007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=209 [article] Beyond Expectations: Autism, Understanding Embarrassment, and the Relationship with Theory of Mind [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ashleigh HILLIER, Auteur ; Lesley ALLINSON, Auteur . - p.299-314. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 6-3 (September 2002) . - p.299-314 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The ability of high-functioning individuals with autism to understand the complex emotion of embarrassment, and how this relates to an understanding of theory of mind, was investigated. Scenarios involving embarrassing and non-embarrassing situations were presented to a group with autism and three comparison groups. Participants were required to rate the level of embarrassment felt by the protagonist and to justify their choices. The results indicated that those with autism generally gave similar ratings of embarrassment as the comparison groups, but did show significant difficulty with non-embarrassing scenarios, and in providing appropriate justifications for embarrassment. In addition, a significant relationship between scores from false belief tasks and justification scores was found, supporting the proposed link between theory of mind skills and understanding embarrassment. Participants with autism did, however, show a higher than expected understanding of this complex emotion. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361302006003007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=209

Brief Report: Structure of Personal Narratives of Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Allyssa MCCABE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-3 (March 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-3 (March 2013) . - p.733-738 Titre : Brief Report: Structure of Personal Narratives of Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Allyssa MCCABE, Auteur ; Ashleigh HILLIER, Auteur ; Claudia SHAPIRO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.733-738 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Asperger’s syndrome  Narrative  Pragmatic language  Emergent adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Young adults with High Functioning Autism and a matched comparison group told personal narratives using a standard conversational procedure. Longest narratives were determined (i.e., number of propositions included) and scored using an analysis that looks at the organization of a narrative around a highpoint. The group with Autism Spectrum Disorder produced narratives with significantly poorer HP macrostructure and introduced proportionately fewer propositions with conjunctions. Such impairments in the ability to make sense of personal experiences both reflect and contribute to difficulty in social-emotional functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1585-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=192 [article] Brief Report: Structure of Personal Narratives of Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Allyssa MCCABE, Auteur ; Ashleigh HILLIER, Auteur ; Claudia SHAPIRO, Auteur . - p.733-738. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-3 (March 2013) . - p.733-738 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Asperger’s syndrome  Narrative  Pragmatic language  Emergent adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Young adults with High Functioning Autism and a matched comparison group told personal narratives using a standard conversational procedure. Longest narratives were determined (i.e., number of propositions included) and scored using an analysis that looks at the organization of a narrative around a highpoint. The group with Autism Spectrum Disorder produced narratives with significantly poorer HP macrostructure and introduced proportionately fewer propositions with conjunctions. Such impairments in the ability to make sense of personal experiences both reflect and contribute to difficulty in social-emotional functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1585-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=192

Changes in Restricted Repetitive Behaviors with age: A study of high-functioning adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders / Monali CHOWDHURY in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 4-2 (April-June 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 4-2 (April-June 2010) . - p.210-216 Titre : Changes in Restricted Repetitive Behaviors with age: A study of high-functioning adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Monali CHOWDHURY, Auteur ; Ashleigh HILLIER, Auteur ; Betsey A. BENSON, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.210-216 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism-Spectrum-Disorders Restricted-Repetitive-Behaviors High-functioning Adult Age Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The existing literature suggests that while impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) continue into adulthood, some behavioral symptoms tend to abate with age. However, there is a dearth of research examining changes in ASD symptoms from childhood to adulthood, especially for Restricted Repetitive Behaviors (RRBs). We examined age-related changes in RRBs in a sample of 34 high-functioning adults with ASDs at current age and retrospectively at age 4–5 years using the Autism Diagnostic Interview—Revised, and the Repetitive Behavior Scale—Revised. We found significant changes in all RRBs over time with the exception of the Self-injurious Behavior subscale of the RBS-R. In addition, the degree of change also differed for RRB subtypes. Based on the RBS-R, the highest proportion of participants showed improvements on the Compulsive Behavior subscale (75%), and the lowest proportion showed improvement on the Restricted Behavior subscale (44.1%). We also found a low base rate for certain symptoms (e.g., self-injurious behavior, unusual preoccupations, and unusual sensory interests) in this sample of higher-functioning individuals with ASDs. Future research should examine further changes in RRBs in late adulthood and also evaluate contextual variables that are likely to be related to symptom abatement over time. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2009.09.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=973 [article] Changes in Restricted Repetitive Behaviors with age: A study of high-functioning adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Monali CHOWDHURY, Auteur ; Ashleigh HILLIER, Auteur ; Betsey A. BENSON, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.210-216. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 4-2 (April-June 2010) . - p.210-216 Mots-clés : Autism-Spectrum-Disorders Restricted-Repetitive-Behaviors High-functioning Adult Age Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The existing literature suggests that while impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) continue into adulthood, some behavioral symptoms tend to abate with age. However, there is a dearth of research examining changes in ASD symptoms from childhood to adulthood, especially for Restricted Repetitive Behaviors (RRBs). We examined age-related changes in RRBs in a sample of 34 high-functioning adults with ASDs at current age and retrospectively at age 4–5 years using the Autism Diagnostic Interview—Revised, and the Repetitive Behavior Scale—Revised. We found significant changes in all RRBs over time with the exception of the Self-injurious Behavior subscale of the RBS-R. In addition, the degree of change also differed for RRB subtypes. Based on the RBS-R, the highest proportion of participants showed improvements on the Compulsive Behavior subscale (75%), and the lowest proportion showed improvement on the Restricted Behavior subscale (44.1%). We also found a low base rate for certain symptoms (e.g., self-injurious behavior, unusual preoccupations, and unusual sensory interests) in this sample of higher-functioning individuals with ASDs. Future research should examine further changes in RRBs in late adulthood and also evaluate contextual variables that are likely to be related to symptom abatement over time. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2009.09.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=973

Network Model of Decreased Context Utilization in Autism Spectrum Disorder / David Q. BEVERSDORF in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37-6 (July 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 37-6 (July 2007) . - p.1040-1048 Titre : Network Model of Decreased Context Utilization in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David Q. BEVERSDORF, Auteur ; Ashleigh HILLIER, Auteur ; Ananth NARAYANAN, Auteur ; John D. HUGHES, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1040-1048 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Neural-network False-memory Semantic Memory Hippocampus Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) demonstrate impaired utilization of context, which allows for superior performance on the “false memory” task. We report the application of a simplified parallel distributed processing model of context utilization to the false memory task. For individuals without ASD, experiments support a model wherein presentation of one word, e.g., ‘‘apple,’’ strongly activates the neighboring nodes of closely related words such as ‘‘fruit,’’ ‘‘tree,’’ whereas in ASD these neighboring nodes are relatively less activated. We demonstrate this model to be consistent with the superior performance on recognition testing on the false memory test, but not on free recall. This may have an anatomic basis in diminished hippocampal neuronal arborization and the abnormal minicolumnar pathology in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0242-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=154 [article] Network Model of Decreased Context Utilization in Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David Q. BEVERSDORF, Auteur ; Ashleigh HILLIER, Auteur ; Ananth NARAYANAN, Auteur ; John D. HUGHES, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1040-1048. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 37-6 (July 2007) . - p.1040-1048 Mots-clés : Autism Neural-network False-memory Semantic Memory Hippocampus Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) demonstrate impaired utilization of context, which allows for superior performance on the “false memory” task. We report the application of a simplified parallel distributed processing model of context utilization to the false memory task. For individuals without ASD, experiments support a model wherein presentation of one word, e.g., ‘‘apple,’’ strongly activates the neighboring nodes of closely related words such as ‘‘fruit,’’ ‘‘tree,’’ whereas in ASD these neighboring nodes are relatively less activated. We demonstrate this model to be consistent with the superior performance on recognition testing on the false memory test, but not on free recall. This may have an anatomic basis in diminished hippocampal neuronal arborization and the abnormal minicolumnar pathology in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0242-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=154

Outcomes of a Social and Vocational Skills Support Group for Adolescents and Young Adults on the Autism Spectrum / Ashleigh HILLIER in Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 22-2 (Summer 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inFocus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities > 22-2 (Summer 2007) . - p.107-115 Titre : Outcomes of a Social and Vocational Skills Support Group for Adolescents and Young Adults on the Autism Spectrum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ashleigh HILLIER, Auteur ; Tom FISH, Auteur ; Patricia CLOPPERT, Auteur ; David Q. BEVERSDORF, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.107-115 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) frequently experience social isolation and vocational failure. Although social skills groups are vital, relatively few model programs have been developed for this age group. This article reviews the model and evaluation of the Aspirations program, an 8-week social and vocational skills support group for adolescents and young adults with ASD. Self-report measures, including appraisal of peer relations and empathy, were completed pre- and post-Aspirations. Data from structured observations were also examined for changes in frequency of contributions made by group members over the course of the program. In addition, notes taken during staff meetings and feedback sessions with group members, and separately with their parents, were reviewed for further evidence of the program's success. The results from these measures support the efficacy of the Aspirations program and provide insight into implementing a successful model for this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10883576070220020201 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=144 [article] Outcomes of a Social and Vocational Skills Support Group for Adolescents and Young Adults on the Autism Spectrum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ashleigh HILLIER, Auteur ; Tom FISH, Auteur ; Patricia CLOPPERT, Auteur ; David Q. BEVERSDORF, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.107-115. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities > 22-2 (Summer 2007) . - p.107-115 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) frequently experience social isolation and vocational failure. Although social skills groups are vital, relatively few model programs have been developed for this age group. This article reviews the model and evaluation of the Aspirations program, an 8-week social and vocational skills support group for adolescents and young adults with ASD. Self-report measures, including appraisal of peer relations and empathy, were completed pre- and post-Aspirations. Data from structured observations were also examined for changes in frequency of contributions made by group members over the course of the program. In addition, notes taken during staff meetings and feedback sessions with group members, and separately with their parents, were reviewed for further evidence of the program's success. The results from these measures support the efficacy of the Aspirations program and provide insight into implementing a successful model for this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10883576070220020201 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=144

Supporting university students with autism spectrum disorder / Ashleigh HILLIER in Autism, 22-1 (January 2018)  

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University-Focused Interventions / Grace Lee SIMMONS ; Ashleigh HILLIER ; Susan W. WHITE ; Debbie SPAIN ; Francisco M. MUSICH ; Susan W. WHITE

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