Acoustic Exaggeration Enhances Speech Discrimination in Young Autistic Children / Luodi YU ; Lizhi BAN ; Aiwen Yi ; Jing Xin ; Suping Li ; Suiping WANG ; Laurent MOTTRON in Autism Research, 18-2 (February 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-2 (February 2025) . - p.402-414 Titre : Acoustic Exaggeration Enhances Speech Discrimination in Young Autistic Children : Autism Research Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Luodi YU, Auteur ; Lizhi BAN, Auteur ; Aiwen Yi, Auteur ; Jing Xin, Auteur ; Suping Li, Auteur ; Suiping WANG, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.402-414 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : auditory processing autism spectrum disorders EEG multivariate pattern analysis speech processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Child-directed speech (CDS), which amplifies acoustic and social features of speech during interactions with young children, promotes typical phonetic and language development. In autism, both behavioral and brain data indicate reduced sensitivity to human speech, which predicts absent, decreased, or atypical benefits of exaggerated speech signals such as CDS. This study investigates the impact of exaggerated fundamental frequency (F0) and voice-onset time on the neural processing of speech sounds in 22 Chinese-speaking autistic children aged 2?7?years old with a history of speech delays, compared with 25 typically developing (TD) peers. Electroencephalography (EEG) data were collected during passive listening to exaggerated and non-exaggerated syllables. A time-resolved multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) was used to evaluate the potential effects of acoustic exaggeration on syllable discrimination in terms of neural decoding accuracy. For non-exaggerated syllables, neither the autism nor the TD group achieved above-chance decoding accuracy. In contrast, for exaggerated syllables, both groups achieved above-chance decoding, indicating significant syllable discrimination, with no difference in accuracy between the autism and TD groups. However, the temporal generalization patterns in the MVPA results revealed distinct neural mechanisms supporting syllable discrimination between the groups. Although the TD group demonstrated a left-hemisphere advantage for decoding and generalization, the autism group displayed similar decoding patterns between hemispheres. These findings highlight the potential of selective acoustic exaggeration to support speech learning in autistic children, underscoring the importance of tailored, sensory-based interventions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3301 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=547 [article] Acoustic Exaggeration Enhances Speech Discrimination in Young Autistic Children : Autism Research [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Luodi YU, Auteur ; Lizhi BAN, Auteur ; Aiwen Yi, Auteur ; Jing Xin, Auteur ; Suping Li, Auteur ; Suiping WANG, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur . - p.402-414. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-2 (February 2025) . - p.402-414 Mots-clés : auditory processing autism spectrum disorders EEG multivariate pattern analysis speech processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Child-directed speech (CDS), which amplifies acoustic and social features of speech during interactions with young children, promotes typical phonetic and language development. In autism, both behavioral and brain data indicate reduced sensitivity to human speech, which predicts absent, decreased, or atypical benefits of exaggerated speech signals such as CDS. This study investigates the impact of exaggerated fundamental frequency (F0) and voice-onset time on the neural processing of speech sounds in 22 Chinese-speaking autistic children aged 2?7?years old with a history of speech delays, compared with 25 typically developing (TD) peers. Electroencephalography (EEG) data were collected during passive listening to exaggerated and non-exaggerated syllables. A time-resolved multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) was used to evaluate the potential effects of acoustic exaggeration on syllable discrimination in terms of neural decoding accuracy. For non-exaggerated syllables, neither the autism nor the TD group achieved above-chance decoding accuracy. In contrast, for exaggerated syllables, both groups achieved above-chance decoding, indicating significant syllable discrimination, with no difference in accuracy between the autism and TD groups. However, the temporal generalization patterns in the MVPA results revealed distinct neural mechanisms supporting syllable discrimination between the groups. Although the TD group demonstrated a left-hemisphere advantage for decoding and generalization, the autism group displayed similar decoding patterns between hemispheres. These findings highlight the potential of selective acoustic exaggeration to support speech learning in autistic children, underscoring the importance of tailored, sensory-based interventions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3301 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=547

Assessing Autism Knowledge Across the Global Landscape Using the ASK-Q / Ashley J. HARRISON in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-5 (May 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-5 (May 2024) . - p.1897-1911 Titre : Assessing Autism Knowledge Across the Global Landscape Using the ASK-Q Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ashley J. HARRISON, Auteur ; Nilofer C. NAQVI, Auteur ; Anne K. SMIT, Auteur ; Prisha Nanda KUMAR, Auteur ; Noor Azimah MUHAMMAD, Auteur ; Sabine SAADE, Auteur ; Luodi YU, Auteur ; Emilie CAPPE, Auteur ; Hui Min LOW, Auteur ; Sarah-Jane CHAN, Auteur ; Annelies DE BILDT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1897-1911 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Substantial variability exists with regard to autism service provision around the world. Service disparities observed in many low- and middle-income countries may be driven, in part, by limited autism knowledge; however, measurement limitations have made it difficult to quantify autism knowledge across countries. The current study uses the autism stigma and knowledge questionnaire (ASK-Q) to quantify autism knowledge and stigma between different countries and demographics. The current study compiled data from 6830 participants collected using adapted versions of the ASK-Q administered in 13 different countries, representing four different continents. Structural equation modeling was used to examine how autism knowledge varied across country and individual factors. Results reveal cross country variability with a large, 17-point difference between the countries with the highest knowledge (Canada) and the lowest knowledge (Lebanon). As expected, countries with higher economies had higher levels of knowledge. We also documented differences based on country worldview, participant occupation, gender, age, and education level. These results help to identify specific regions and populations that might most need greater information about autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-05936-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=530 [article] Assessing Autism Knowledge Across the Global Landscape Using the ASK-Q [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ashley J. HARRISON, Auteur ; Nilofer C. NAQVI, Auteur ; Anne K. SMIT, Auteur ; Prisha Nanda KUMAR, Auteur ; Noor Azimah MUHAMMAD, Auteur ; Sabine SAADE, Auteur ; Luodi YU, Auteur ; Emilie CAPPE, Auteur ; Hui Min LOW, Auteur ; Sarah-Jane CHAN, Auteur ; Annelies DE BILDT, Auteur . - p.1897-1911. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-5 (May 2024) . - p.1897-1911 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Substantial variability exists with regard to autism service provision around the world. Service disparities observed in many low- and middle-income countries may be driven, in part, by limited autism knowledge; however, measurement limitations have made it difficult to quantify autism knowledge across countries. The current study uses the autism stigma and knowledge questionnaire (ASK-Q) to quantify autism knowledge and stigma between different countries and demographics. The current study compiled data from 6830 participants collected using adapted versions of the ASK-Q administered in 13 different countries, representing four different continents. Structural equation modeling was used to examine how autism knowledge varied across country and individual factors. Results reveal cross country variability with a large, 17-point difference between the countries with the highest knowledge (Canada) and the lowest knowledge (Lebanon). As expected, countries with higher economies had higher levels of knowledge. We also documented differences based on country worldview, participant occupation, gender, age, and education level. These results help to identify specific regions and populations that might most need greater information about autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-05936-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=530

Autistic preschoolers display reduced attention orientation for competition but intact facilitation from a parallel competitor: Eye-tracking and behavioral data / Luodi YU in Autism, 28-6 (June 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-6 (June 2024) . - p.1551-1564 Titre : Autistic preschoolers display reduced attention orientation for competition but intact facilitation from a parallel competitor: Eye-tracking and behavioral data Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Luodi YU, Auteur ; Zhiren WANG, Auteur ; Yuebo FAN, Auteur ; Lizhi BAN, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1551-1564 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  lateral tutorship  parallel competition  social attention  social facilitation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While overt social atypicalities remain a key component of the autistic phenotype, recent reframing of autistic social motivation suggests that these atypicalities do not overlap with their actual level of social engagement. Our study aimed to investigate autistic preschoolers' visual attention toward social situations with unequal interactive load and determine the potential benefits of parallel competition, a form of lateral tutorship. The study observed 26 autistic preschoolers and 20 typically developing children. First, a gaze-contingent procedure measured visual attention toward videos of parallel competitive play, overtly cooperative play, and a non-social object. Then, a motor task and a cognitive task were conducted, both independently and with a parallel competitor to assess the effect of parallel engagement on children?s performance. Eye-tracking demonstrated autistic children displayed reduced attention toward competition than typically developing children. However, behavioral data revealed the presence of a parallel competitor significantly and similarly improved performance for autistics and typically developing children. These findings suggest a dissociation between social attention and social facilitation in young autistic children, indicating that atypical visual patterns toward social situations do not necessarily preclude them from benefiting from these situations. As such, activities parallel to the child activities, or lateral tutorship, may represent an addition to traditional joint-interactive activities in early education for autistic children. Lay Abstract Recent research suggests that we might have underestimated the social motivation of autistic individuals. Autistic children might be engaged in a social situation, even if they seem not to be attending to people in a typical way. Our study investigated how young autistic children behave in a "parallel" situation, which we call "parallel competition," where people participate in friendly contests side-by-side but without direct interaction. First, we used eye-tracking technology to observe how much autistic children pay attention to two video scenarios: one depicting parallel competition, and the other where individuals play directly with each other. The results showed that autistic children looked less toward the parallel competition video than their typically developing peers. However, when autistic children took part in parallel competitions themselves, playing physical and cognitive games against a teacher, their performance improved relative to playing individually just as much as their typically developing peers. This suggests that even though autistic children pay attention to social events differently, they can still benefit from the presence of others. These findings suggest complementing traditional cooperative activities by incorporating parallel activities into educational programs for young autistic children. By doing so, we can create more inclusive learning environments for these children. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241239416 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529 [article] Autistic preschoolers display reduced attention orientation for competition but intact facilitation from a parallel competitor: Eye-tracking and behavioral data [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Luodi YU, Auteur ; Zhiren WANG, Auteur ; Yuebo FAN, Auteur ; Lizhi BAN, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur . - p.1551-1564. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-6 (June 2024) . - p.1551-1564 Mots-clés : autism  lateral tutorship  parallel competition  social attention  social facilitation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While overt social atypicalities remain a key component of the autistic phenotype, recent reframing of autistic social motivation suggests that these atypicalities do not overlap with their actual level of social engagement. Our study aimed to investigate autistic preschoolers' visual attention toward social situations with unequal interactive load and determine the potential benefits of parallel competition, a form of lateral tutorship. The study observed 26 autistic preschoolers and 20 typically developing children. First, a gaze-contingent procedure measured visual attention toward videos of parallel competitive play, overtly cooperative play, and a non-social object. Then, a motor task and a cognitive task were conducted, both independently and with a parallel competitor to assess the effect of parallel engagement on children?s performance. Eye-tracking demonstrated autistic children displayed reduced attention toward competition than typically developing children. However, behavioral data revealed the presence of a parallel competitor significantly and similarly improved performance for autistics and typically developing children. These findings suggest a dissociation between social attention and social facilitation in young autistic children, indicating that atypical visual patterns toward social situations do not necessarily preclude them from benefiting from these situations. As such, activities parallel to the child activities, or lateral tutorship, may represent an addition to traditional joint-interactive activities in early education for autistic children. Lay Abstract Recent research suggests that we might have underestimated the social motivation of autistic individuals. Autistic children might be engaged in a social situation, even if they seem not to be attending to people in a typical way. Our study investigated how young autistic children behave in a "parallel" situation, which we call "parallel competition," where people participate in friendly contests side-by-side but without direct interaction. First, we used eye-tracking technology to observe how much autistic children pay attention to two video scenarios: one depicting parallel competition, and the other where individuals play directly with each other. The results showed that autistic children looked less toward the parallel competition video than their typically developing peers. However, when autistic children took part in parallel competitions themselves, playing physical and cognitive games against a teacher, their performance improved relative to playing individually just as much as their typically developing peers. This suggests that even though autistic children pay attention to social events differently, they can still benefit from the presence of others. These findings suggest complementing traditional cooperative activities by incorporating parallel activities into educational programs for young autistic children. By doing so, we can create more inclusive learning environments for these children. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241239416 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529

Pitch Processing in Tonal-Language-Speaking Children with Autism: An Event-Related Potential Study / Luodi YU in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-11 (November 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-11 (November 2015) . - p.3656-3667 Titre : Pitch Processing in Tonal-Language-Speaking Children with Autism: An Event-Related Potential Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Luodi YU, Auteur ; Yuebo FAN, Auteur ; Zhizhou DENG, Auteur ; Dan HUANG, Auteur ; Suiping WANG, Auteur ; Yang ZHANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3656-3667 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Pitch processing  Speech perception  Language development  Event-related potentials (ERPs)  Mismatch negativity (MMN) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study investigated pitch processing in Mandarin-speaking children with autism using event-related potential measures. Two experiments were designed to test how acoustic, phonetic and semantic properties of the stimuli contributed to the neural responses for pitch change detection and involuntary attentional orienting. In comparison with age-matched (6–12 years) typically developing controls (16 participants in Experiment 1, 18 in Experiment 2), children with autism (18 participants in Experiment 1, 16 in Experiment 2) showed enhanced neural discriminatory sensitivity in the nonspeech conditions but not for speech stimuli. The results indicate domain specificity of enhanced pitch processing in autism, which may interfere with lexical tone acquisition and language development for children who speak a tonal language. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2510-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 [article] Pitch Processing in Tonal-Language-Speaking Children with Autism: An Event-Related Potential Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Luodi YU, Auteur ; Yuebo FAN, Auteur ; Zhizhou DENG, Auteur ; Dan HUANG, Auteur ; Suiping WANG, Auteur ; Yang ZHANG, Auteur . - p.3656-3667. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-11 (November 2015) . - p.3656-3667 Mots-clés : Autism  Pitch processing  Speech perception  Language development  Event-related potentials (ERPs)  Mismatch negativity (MMN) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study investigated pitch processing in Mandarin-speaking children with autism using event-related potential measures. Two experiments were designed to test how acoustic, phonetic and semantic properties of the stimuli contributed to the neural responses for pitch change detection and involuntary attentional orienting. In comparison with age-matched (6–12 years) typically developing controls (16 participants in Experiment 1, 18 in Experiment 2), children with autism (18 participants in Experiment 1, 16 in Experiment 2) showed enhanced neural discriminatory sensitivity in the nonspeech conditions but not for speech stimuli. The results indicate domain specificity of enhanced pitch processing in autism, which may interfere with lexical tone acquisition and language development for children who speak a tonal language. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2510-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270

Public knowledge and stigma of autism spectrum disorder: Comparing China with the United States / Luodi YU in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1531-1545 Titre : Public knowledge and stigma of autism spectrum disorder: Comparing China with the United States Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Luodi YU, Auteur ; Sheri T. STRONACH, Auteur ; Ashley J. HARRISON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1531-1545 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism knowledge  autism spectrum disorder  awareness  cross-cultural comparison  stigma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder in China differs considerably from autism spectrum disorder in the West in terms of prevalence estimates, education opportunities, and life outcomes of autistic people. The lack of autism spectrum disorder awareness could be a key factor underlying the disparities. To date, there has been no evaluation of autism spectrum disorder knowledge among the general public of China. Using the Autism Stigma and Knowledge Questionnaire developed for use in diverse cultural contexts, this study uncovered profoundly different public views about autism spectrum disorder in China compared with the United States. Determined by cognitive diagnosis modeling, 86%-91% of the surveyed U.S. citizens (N?=?1127) achieved adequate autism spectrum disorder knowledge in diagnosis/symptoms, etiology, and treatment, whereas for the Chinese citizens (N?=?1254) the percentages were only 57%-65%. Moreover, 14% of the participants from the United States were classified to endorse autism spectrum disorder stigma; in comparison, 38% of the Chinese participants endorsed autism spectrum disorder stigma. The Chinese citizens displayed knowledge deficits primarily in the areas of autism spectrum disorder core symptoms, comorbid intellectual impairment, and prognosis. Sociodemographic factors associated with the Chinese citizen's misconceptions included gender, ethnicity, social economic factors, among others. These results have important implications for increasing public awareness and promoting community participation for autistic individuals in China.Lay abstractASD in China differs considerably from ASD in the West in terms of prevalence estimates, education opportunities and life outcomes of autistic people. The lack of ASD awareness could be a key factor underlying these disparities. We asked 1127 U.S. citizens and 1254 Chinese citizens about their autism knowledge using the Autism Stigma and Knowledge Questionnaire (ASK-Q).The results indicated profoundly different public views about ASD in China compared to the U.S. Specifically, only 57%-65% of the Chinese citizens demonstrated adequate ASD knowledge compared to 86%-91% in the U.S. citizens. Fourteen percent of the U.S. citizens were shown to hold stigma beliefs towards ASD; in comparison, 38% of the Chinese citizens indicated ASD stigma. The Chinese citizens displayed misconceptions about ASD related to symptoms, causes, and possible long-term outcomes. In China but not in the U.S., male citizens and citizens with lower social economic status were more likely to have misconceptions about ASD than others were. The findings of this research can help increase public awareness about ASD and create a more inclusive environment for autistic people in China. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319900839 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] Public knowledge and stigma of autism spectrum disorder: Comparing China with the United States [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Luodi YU, Auteur ; Sheri T. STRONACH, Auteur ; Ashley J. HARRISON, Auteur . - p.1531-1545. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1531-1545 Mots-clés : autism knowledge  autism spectrum disorder  awareness  cross-cultural comparison  stigma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder in China differs considerably from autism spectrum disorder in the West in terms of prevalence estimates, education opportunities, and life outcomes of autistic people. The lack of autism spectrum disorder awareness could be a key factor underlying the disparities. To date, there has been no evaluation of autism spectrum disorder knowledge among the general public of China. Using the Autism Stigma and Knowledge Questionnaire developed for use in diverse cultural contexts, this study uncovered profoundly different public views about autism spectrum disorder in China compared with the United States. Determined by cognitive diagnosis modeling, 86%-91% of the surveyed U.S. citizens (N?=?1127) achieved adequate autism spectrum disorder knowledge in diagnosis/symptoms, etiology, and treatment, whereas for the Chinese citizens (N?=?1254) the percentages were only 57%-65%. Moreover, 14% of the participants from the United States were classified to endorse autism spectrum disorder stigma; in comparison, 38% of the Chinese participants endorsed autism spectrum disorder stigma. The Chinese citizens displayed knowledge deficits primarily in the areas of autism spectrum disorder core symptoms, comorbid intellectual impairment, and prognosis. Sociodemographic factors associated with the Chinese citizen's misconceptions included gender, ethnicity, social economic factors, among others. These results have important implications for increasing public awareness and promoting community participation for autistic individuals in China.Lay abstractASD in China differs considerably from ASD in the West in terms of prevalence estimates, education opportunities and life outcomes of autistic people. The lack of ASD awareness could be a key factor underlying these disparities. We asked 1127 U.S. citizens and 1254 Chinese citizens about their autism knowledge using the Autism Stigma and Knowledge Questionnaire (ASK-Q).The results indicated profoundly different public views about ASD in China compared to the U.S. Specifically, only 57%-65% of the Chinese citizens demonstrated adequate ASD knowledge compared to 86%-91% in the U.S. citizens. Fourteen percent of the U.S. citizens were shown to hold stigma beliefs towards ASD; in comparison, 38% of the Chinese citizens indicated ASD stigma. The Chinese citizens displayed misconceptions about ASD related to symptoms, causes, and possible long-term outcomes. In China but not in the U.S., male citizens and citizens with lower social economic status were more likely to have misconceptions about ASD than others were. The findings of this research can help increase public awareness about ASD and create a more inclusive environment for autistic people in China. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319900839 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Reduced Neural Specialization for Word-level Linguistic Prosody in Children with Autism / Luodi YU in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53-11 (November 2023)  

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