Identifying structural brain markers of resilience to adversity in young people using voxel-based morphometry / Stephane DE BRITO ; Graeme FAIRCHILD ; Christine FREITAG ; Karen GONZALEZ-MADRUGA ; Catherine HAMILTON-GIACHRITSIS ; Gregor KOHLS ; Kerstin KONRAD ; Anne MARTINELLI ; Nora Maria RASCHLE ; Jack ROGERS ; Areti SMARAGDI ; Christina STADLER ; Marlene STAGINNUS ; Nicola TOSCHI in Development and Psychopathology, 35-5 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 35-5 (December 2023) . - p.2302-2314 Titre : Identifying structural brain markers of resilience to adversity in young people using voxel-based morphometry Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephane DE BRITO, Auteur ; Graeme FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Christine FREITAG, Auteur ; Karen GONZALEZ-MADRUGA, Auteur ; Catherine HAMILTON-GIACHRITSIS, Auteur ; Gregor KOHLS, Auteur ; Kerstin KONRAD, Auteur ; Anne MARTINELLI, Auteur ; Nora Maria RASCHLE, Auteur ; Jack ROGERS, Auteur ; Areti SMARAGDI, Auteur ; Christina STADLER, Auteur ; Marlene STAGINNUS, Auteur ; Nicola TOSCHI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2302-2314 Mots-clés : Resilience  adversity  brain structure  voxel-based morphometry  youth Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is increasing evidence that resilience in youth may have a neurobiological basis. However, the existing literature lacks a consistent way of operationalizing resilience, often relying on arbitrary judgments or narrow definitions (e.g., not developing PTSD) to classify individuals as resilient. Therefore, this study used data-driven, continuous resilience scores based on adversity and psychopathology to investigate associations between resilience and brain structure in youth. Structural MRI data from 298 youth aged 9?18 years (Mage = 13.51; 51% female) who participated in the European multisite FemNAT-CD study were preprocessed using SPM12 and analyzed using voxel-based morphometry. Resilience scores were derived by regressing data on adversity exposure against current/lifetime psychopathology and quantifying each individual?s distance from the regression line. General linear models tested for associations between resilience and gray matter volume (GMV) and examined whether associations between resilience and GMV differed by sex. Resilience was positively correlated with GMV in the right inferior frontal and medial frontal gyri. Sex-by-resilience interactions were observed in the middle temporal and middle frontal gyri. These findings demonstrate that resilience in youth is associated with volume in brain regions implicated in executive functioning, emotion regulation, and attention. Our results also provide evidence for sex differences in the neurobiology of resilience. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579423000718 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=519 [article] Identifying structural brain markers of resilience to adversity in young people using voxel-based morphometry [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephane DE BRITO, Auteur ; Graeme FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Christine FREITAG, Auteur ; Karen GONZALEZ-MADRUGA, Auteur ; Catherine HAMILTON-GIACHRITSIS, Auteur ; Gregor KOHLS, Auteur ; Kerstin KONRAD, Auteur ; Anne MARTINELLI, Auteur ; Nora Maria RASCHLE, Auteur ; Jack ROGERS, Auteur ; Areti SMARAGDI, Auteur ; Christina STADLER, Auteur ; Marlene STAGINNUS, Auteur ; Nicola TOSCHI, Auteur . - p.2302-2314. in Development and Psychopathology > 35-5 (December 2023) . - p.2302-2314 Mots-clés : Resilience  adversity  brain structure  voxel-based morphometry  youth Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is increasing evidence that resilience in youth may have a neurobiological basis. However, the existing literature lacks a consistent way of operationalizing resilience, often relying on arbitrary judgments or narrow definitions (e.g., not developing PTSD) to classify individuals as resilient. Therefore, this study used data-driven, continuous resilience scores based on adversity and psychopathology to investigate associations between resilience and brain structure in youth. Structural MRI data from 298 youth aged 9?18 years (Mage = 13.51; 51% female) who participated in the European multisite FemNAT-CD study were preprocessed using SPM12 and analyzed using voxel-based morphometry. Resilience scores were derived by regressing data on adversity exposure against current/lifetime psychopathology and quantifying each individual?s distance from the regression line. General linear models tested for associations between resilience and gray matter volume (GMV) and examined whether associations between resilience and GMV differed by sex. Resilience was positively correlated with GMV in the right inferior frontal and medial frontal gyri. Sex-by-resilience interactions were observed in the middle temporal and middle frontal gyri. These findings demonstrate that resilience in youth is associated with volume in brain regions implicated in executive functioning, emotion regulation, and attention. Our results also provide evidence for sex differences in the neurobiology of resilience. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579423000718 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=519

Mapping the structural organization of the brain in conduct disorder: replication of findings in two independent samples / Graeme FAIRCHILD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-9 (September 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-9 (September 2016) . - p.1018-1026 Titre : Mapping the structural organization of the brain in conduct disorder: replication of findings in two independent samples Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Graeme FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Nicola TOSCHI, Auteur ; Kate SULLY, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Cindy C. HAGAN, Auteur ; Stefano DICIOTTI, Auteur ; Ian M. GOODYER, Auteur ; Andrew J. CALDER, Auteur ; Luca PASSAMONTI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1018-1026 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cortical thickness  structural covariance  conduct disorder  antisocial behavior  developmental taxonomic theory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Neuroimaging methods that allow researchers to investigate structural covariance between brain regions are increasingly being used to study psychiatric disorders. Structural covariance analyses are particularly well suited for studying disorders with putative neurodevelopmental origins as they appear sensitive to changes in the synchronized maturation of different brain regions. We assessed interregional correlations in cortical thickness as a measure of structural covariance, and applied this method to investigate the coordinated development of different brain regions in conduct disorder (CD). We also assessed whether structural covariance measures could differentiate between the childhood-onset (CO-CD) and adolescence-onset (AO-CD) subtypes of CD, which may differ in terms of etiology and adult outcomes. Methods We examined interregional correlations in cortical thickness in male youths with CO-CD or AO-CD relative to healthy controls (HCs) in two independent datasets. The age range in the Cambridge sample was 16–21 years (mean: 18.0), whereas the age range of the Southampton sample was 13–18 years (mean: 16.7). We used FreeSurfer to perform segmentations and applied structural covariance methods to the resulting parcellations. Results In both samples, CO-CD participants displayed a strikingly higher number of significant cross-cortical correlations compared to HC or AO-CD participants, whereas AO-CD participants presented fewer significant correlations than HCs. Group differences in the strength of the interregional correlations were observed in both samples, and each set of results remained significant when controlling for IQ and comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms. Conclusions This study provides new evidence for quantitative differences in structural brain organization between the CO-CD and AO-CD subtypes, and supports the hypothesis that both subtypes of CD have neurodevelopmental origins. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12581 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 [article] Mapping the structural organization of the brain in conduct disorder: replication of findings in two independent samples [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Graeme FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Nicola TOSCHI, Auteur ; Kate SULLY, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Cindy C. HAGAN, Auteur ; Stefano DICIOTTI, Auteur ; Ian M. GOODYER, Auteur ; Andrew J. CALDER, Auteur ; Luca PASSAMONTI, Auteur . - p.1018-1026. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-9 (September 2016) . - p.1018-1026 Mots-clés : Cortical thickness  structural covariance  conduct disorder  antisocial behavior  developmental taxonomic theory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Neuroimaging methods that allow researchers to investigate structural covariance between brain regions are increasingly being used to study psychiatric disorders. Structural covariance analyses are particularly well suited for studying disorders with putative neurodevelopmental origins as they appear sensitive to changes in the synchronized maturation of different brain regions. We assessed interregional correlations in cortical thickness as a measure of structural covariance, and applied this method to investigate the coordinated development of different brain regions in conduct disorder (CD). We also assessed whether structural covariance measures could differentiate between the childhood-onset (CO-CD) and adolescence-onset (AO-CD) subtypes of CD, which may differ in terms of etiology and adult outcomes. Methods We examined interregional correlations in cortical thickness in male youths with CO-CD or AO-CD relative to healthy controls (HCs) in two independent datasets. The age range in the Cambridge sample was 16–21 years (mean: 18.0), whereas the age range of the Southampton sample was 13–18 years (mean: 16.7). We used FreeSurfer to perform segmentations and applied structural covariance methods to the resulting parcellations. Results In both samples, CO-CD participants displayed a strikingly higher number of significant cross-cortical correlations compared to HC or AO-CD participants, whereas AO-CD participants presented fewer significant correlations than HCs. Group differences in the strength of the interregional correlations were observed in both samples, and each set of results remained significant when controlling for IQ and comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms. Conclusions This study provides new evidence for quantitative differences in structural brain organization between the CO-CD and AO-CD subtypes, and supports the hypothesis that both subtypes of CD have neurodevelopmental origins. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12581 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292

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