Deliberate self-harm by under-15-year-olds: characteristics, trends and outcome / Keith HAWTON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-4 (April 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-4 (April 2008) . - p.441–448 Titre : Deliberate self-harm by under-15-year-olds: characteristics, trends and outcome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Keith HAWTON, Auteur ; Louise HARRISS, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.441–448 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescents deliberate-self-harm suicide-risk Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Relatively little information is available about the characteristics and long-term outcome of children and adolescents aged under 15 years who present to general hospitals because of deliberate self-harm (DSH). Method: Information was collected on 710 consecutive under-15-year-olds presenting to a general hospital in central England with DSH over a 26-year period (1978–2003). Outcome in terms of death was investigated from national statistics in 464 cases presenting during the first 20 years of the study. Results: Most individuals were aged 12–14 years. In this age group the female:male ratio was 6.5:1. Nearly all (680/710, 95.8%) had taken overdoses, over half of these episodes involving paracetamol (acetaminophen). Few had a history of prior (7.7%) or current psychiatric treatment (7.7%), although a quarter (150/559, 26.8%) had a history of previous DSH. Suicidal intent was usually low. The most frequent problems were difficulties in relationships with family members (77.3%) and with friends (38.9%), and school/study problems (37.9%). The long-term risk of suicide was low, 1.1% (N = 5) having died by probable suicide after a mean follow-up period of 11 years 2 months. Conclusions: DSH in children and young adolescents is usually related to life problems, is generally of low suicidal intent, and is associated with a relatively low long-term risk of suicide. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01852.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=339 [article] Deliberate self-harm by under-15-year-olds: characteristics, trends and outcome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Keith HAWTON, Auteur ; Louise HARRISS, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.441–448. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-4 (April 2008) . - p.441–448 Mots-clés : Adolescents deliberate-self-harm suicide-risk Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Relatively little information is available about the characteristics and long-term outcome of children and adolescents aged under 15 years who present to general hospitals because of deliberate self-harm (DSH). Method: Information was collected on 710 consecutive under-15-year-olds presenting to a general hospital in central England with DSH over a 26-year period (1978–2003). Outcome in terms of death was investigated from national statistics in 464 cases presenting during the first 20 years of the study. Results: Most individuals were aged 12–14 years. In this age group the female:male ratio was 6.5:1. Nearly all (680/710, 95.8%) had taken overdoses, over half of these episodes involving paracetamol (acetaminophen). Few had a history of prior (7.7%) or current psychiatric treatment (7.7%), although a quarter (150/559, 26.8%) had a history of previous DSH. Suicidal intent was usually low. The most frequent problems were difficulties in relationships with family members (77.3%) and with friends (38.9%), and school/study problems (37.9%). The long-term risk of suicide was low, 1.1% (N = 5) having died by probable suicide after a mean follow-up period of 11 years 2 months. Conclusions: DSH in children and young adolescents is usually related to life problems, is generally of low suicidal intent, and is associated with a relatively low long-term risk of suicide. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01852.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=339

Deliberate self-harm within an international community sample of young people: comparative findings from the Child & Adolescent Self-harm in Europe (CASE) Study / Nicola MADGE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-6 (June 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-6 (June 2008) . - p.667-677 Titre : Deliberate self-harm within an international community sample of young people: comparative findings from the Child & Adolescent Self-harm in Europe (CASE) Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nicola MADGE, Auteur ; Kees VAN HEERINGEN, Auteur ; Keith HAWTON, Auteur ; Anthea HEWITT, Auteur ; Erik Jan DE WILDE, Auteur ; Paul CORCORAN, Auteur ; Sandor FEKETE, Auteur ; Diego DE LEO, Auteur ; Mette YSTGAARD, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.667-677 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescence cross-cultural self-harm gender-differences motives Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Deliberate self-harm among young people is an important focus of policy and practice internationally. Nonetheless, there is little reliable comparative international information on its extent or characteristics. We have conducted a seven-country comparative community study of deliberate self-harm among young people. Method: Over 30,000 mainly 15- and 16-year-olds completed anonymous questionnaires at school in Australia, Belgium, England, Hungary, Ireland, the Netherlands and Norway. Study criteria were developed to identify episodes of self-harm; the prevalence of self-harm acts and thoughts, methods used, repetition, reasons given, premeditation, setting for the act, associations with alcohol and drugs, hospitalisation, and whether other people knew, were examined. Results: Self-harm was more than twice as common among females as males and, in four of the seven countries, at least one in ten females had harmed herself in the previous year. Additional young people had thought of harming themselves without doing so. More males and females in all countries except Hungary cut themselves than used any other method, most acts took place at home, and alcohol and illegal drugs were not usually involved. The most common reasons given were ‘to get relief from a terrible state of mind’ followed by ‘to die’, although there were differences between those cutting themselves and those taking overdoses. About half the young people decided to harm themselves in the hour before doing so, and many did not attend hospital or tell anyone else. Just over half those who had harmed themselves during the previous year reported more than one episode over their lifetime. Conclusions: Deliberate self-harm is a widespread yet often hidden problem in adolescents, especially females, which shows both similarities and differences internationally. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01879.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457 [article] Deliberate self-harm within an international community sample of young people: comparative findings from the Child & Adolescent Self-harm in Europe (CASE) Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nicola MADGE, Auteur ; Kees VAN HEERINGEN, Auteur ; Keith HAWTON, Auteur ; Anthea HEWITT, Auteur ; Erik Jan DE WILDE, Auteur ; Paul CORCORAN, Auteur ; Sandor FEKETE, Auteur ; Diego DE LEO, Auteur ; Mette YSTGAARD, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.667-677. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-6 (June 2008) . - p.667-677 Mots-clés : Adolescence cross-cultural self-harm gender-differences motives Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Deliberate self-harm among young people is an important focus of policy and practice internationally. Nonetheless, there is little reliable comparative international information on its extent or characteristics. We have conducted a seven-country comparative community study of deliberate self-harm among young people. Method: Over 30,000 mainly 15- and 16-year-olds completed anonymous questionnaires at school in Australia, Belgium, England, Hungary, Ireland, the Netherlands and Norway. Study criteria were developed to identify episodes of self-harm; the prevalence of self-harm acts and thoughts, methods used, repetition, reasons given, premeditation, setting for the act, associations with alcohol and drugs, hospitalisation, and whether other people knew, were examined. Results: Self-harm was more than twice as common among females as males and, in four of the seven countries, at least one in ten females had harmed herself in the previous year. Additional young people had thought of harming themselves without doing so. More males and females in all countries except Hungary cut themselves than used any other method, most acts took place at home, and alcohol and illegal drugs were not usually involved. The most common reasons given were ‘to get relief from a terrible state of mind’ followed by ‘to die’, although there were differences between those cutting themselves and those taking overdoses. About half the young people decided to harm themselves in the hour before doing so, and many did not attend hospital or tell anyone else. Just over half those who had harmed themselves during the previous year reported more than one episode over their lifetime. Conclusions: Deliberate self-harm is a widespread yet often hidden problem in adolescents, especially females, which shows both similarities and differences internationally. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01879.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457

Practitioner Review: Treatments for young people who self-harm - challenges and recommendations for research and clinical practice / Katrina WITT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 66-1 (January 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 66-1 (January 2025) . - p.122-131 Titre : Practitioner Review: Treatments for young people who self-harm - challenges and recommendations for research and clinical practice Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katrina WITT, Auteur ; Anne STEWART, Auteur ; Keith HAWTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.122-131 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Suicide  self-harm  child  adolescence  treatment  prevention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Self-harm is very common in young people and is associated with suicide. Rates of both self-harm and suicide have increased in young people, particularly in females. There is a clear need to identify new approaches to prevent repeat self-harm. Method We significantly update and build on previous reviews with the aim of identifying issues in research relevant to clinical practice. We identify challenges in developing, implementing and evaluating treatments for self-harm in children and adolescents, suggest a way forward for research, and provide clear and practical guidance for clinicians on how to apply current research evidence in the real world. Results Currently, there is limited evidence for effective interventions, other than some support for dialectical behaviour therapy for adolescents (DBT-A). To improve research and, by extension, clinical practice, future studies need to address psychosocial factors associated with youth self-harm and suicide, investigate the critical mechanism(s) of action, ensure trials are sufficiently powered and representative, and involve young people more actively in the design, implementation and evaluation of these approaches. Consideration should also be given to alternative research designs, such as pragmatic or adaptive clinical trials, as well as registry-based randomised controlled trials which leverage administrative data collected in routine clinical practice, to help meet these goals. Conclusions Recommendations for practice include undertaking comprehensive assessment and formulation, and offering DBT-A where indicated. There should be further development and evaluation (with input from young people) of Cognitive Behavioural-based Therapy adapted for young people. Greater attention to the role of the therapeutic relationship and family involvement (where possible) is also an important considerations, irrespective of the specific therapeutic modality. Finally, more consideration should be given to improving staff training to ensure all clinical staff feel equipped to treat young people who self-harm in a person-centred and compassionate manner. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14052 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=545 [article] Practitioner Review: Treatments for young people who self-harm - challenges and recommendations for research and clinical practice [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katrina WITT, Auteur ; Anne STEWART, Auteur ; Keith HAWTON, Auteur . - p.122-131. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 66-1 (January 2025) . - p.122-131 Mots-clés : Suicide  self-harm  child  adolescence  treatment  prevention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Self-harm is very common in young people and is associated with suicide. Rates of both self-harm and suicide have increased in young people, particularly in females. There is a clear need to identify new approaches to prevent repeat self-harm. Method We significantly update and build on previous reviews with the aim of identifying issues in research relevant to clinical practice. We identify challenges in developing, implementing and evaluating treatments for self-harm in children and adolescents, suggest a way forward for research, and provide clear and practical guidance for clinicians on how to apply current research evidence in the real world. Results Currently, there is limited evidence for effective interventions, other than some support for dialectical behaviour therapy for adolescents (DBT-A). To improve research and, by extension, clinical practice, future studies need to address psychosocial factors associated with youth self-harm and suicide, investigate the critical mechanism(s) of action, ensure trials are sufficiently powered and representative, and involve young people more actively in the design, implementation and evaluation of these approaches. Consideration should also be given to alternative research designs, such as pragmatic or adaptive clinical trials, as well as registry-based randomised controlled trials which leverage administrative data collected in routine clinical practice, to help meet these goals. Conclusions Recommendations for practice include undertaking comprehensive assessment and formulation, and offering DBT-A where indicated. There should be further development and evaluation (with input from young people) of Cognitive Behavioural-based Therapy adapted for young people. Greater attention to the role of the therapeutic relationship and family involvement (where possible) is also an important considerations, irrespective of the specific therapeutic modality. Finally, more consideration should be given to improving staff training to ensure all clinical staff feel equipped to treat young people who self-harm in a person-centred and compassionate manner. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14052 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=545

Repetition of self-harm and suicide following self-harm in children and adolescents: findings from the Multicentre Study of Self-harm in England / Keith HAWTON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-12 (December 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-12 (December 2012) . - p.1212-1219 Titre : Repetition of self-harm and suicide following self-harm in children and adolescents: findings from the Multicentre Study of Self-harm in England Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Keith HAWTON, Auteur ; Helen BERGEN, Auteur ; Navneet KAPUR, Auteur ; Jayne COOPER, Auteur ; Sarah STEEG, Auteur ; Jennifer NESS, Auteur ; Keith WATERS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1212-1219 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : self-harm  self-poisoning  self-injury  suicide  repeat self-harm  children and adolescents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Self-harm (intentional self-poisoning and self-injury) in children and adolescents is often repeated and is associated with increased risk of future suicide. We have investigated factors associated with these outcomes. Method: We used data collected in the Multicentre Study of Self-harm in England on all self-harm hospital presentations by individuals aged 10?18 years between 2000 and 2007, and national death information on these individuals to the end of 2010. Cox hazard proportional models were used to identify independent and multivariable predictors of repetition of self-harm and of suicide. Results: Repetition of self-harm occurred in 27.3% of individuals (N = 3920) who presented between 2000 and 2005 and were followed up until 2007. Multivariate analysis showed that repetition was associated with age, self-cutting, and previous self-harm and psychiatric treatment. Of 51 deaths in individuals who presented between 2000 and 2007 and were followed up to 2010 (N = 5133) half (49.0%) were suicides. The method used was usually different to that used for self-harm. Multivariate analysis showed that suicide was associated with male gender [Hazard ratio (HR) = 2.4, 95% CI 1.2?4.8], self-cutting (HR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.1?3.7) and prior psychiatric treatment at initial presentation (HR = 4.2, 95% CI 1.7?10.5). It was also associated with self-cutting and history of psychiatric treatment at the last episode before death, and history of previous self harm. Conclusions: Self-cutting as a method of self-harm in children and adolescents conveys greater risk of suicide (and repetition) than self-poisoning although different methods are usually used for suicide. The findings underline the need for psychosocial assessment in all cases. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02559.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=185 [article] Repetition of self-harm and suicide following self-harm in children and adolescents: findings from the Multicentre Study of Self-harm in England [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Keith HAWTON, Auteur ; Helen BERGEN, Auteur ; Navneet KAPUR, Auteur ; Jayne COOPER, Auteur ; Sarah STEEG, Auteur ; Jennifer NESS, Auteur ; Keith WATERS, Auteur . - p.1212-1219. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-12 (December 2012) . - p.1212-1219 Mots-clés : self-harm  self-poisoning  self-injury  suicide  repeat self-harm  children and adolescents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Self-harm (intentional self-poisoning and self-injury) in children and adolescents is often repeated and is associated with increased risk of future suicide. We have investigated factors associated with these outcomes. Method: We used data collected in the Multicentre Study of Self-harm in England on all self-harm hospital presentations by individuals aged 10?18 years between 2000 and 2007, and national death information on these individuals to the end of 2010. Cox hazard proportional models were used to identify independent and multivariable predictors of repetition of self-harm and of suicide. Results: Repetition of self-harm occurred in 27.3% of individuals (N = 3920) who presented between 2000 and 2005 and were followed up until 2007. Multivariate analysis showed that repetition was associated with age, self-cutting, and previous self-harm and psychiatric treatment. Of 51 deaths in individuals who presented between 2000 and 2007 and were followed up to 2010 (N = 5133) half (49.0%) were suicides. The method used was usually different to that used for self-harm. Multivariate analysis showed that suicide was associated with male gender [Hazard ratio (HR) = 2.4, 95% CI 1.2?4.8], self-cutting (HR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.1?3.7) and prior psychiatric treatment at initial presentation (HR = 4.2, 95% CI 1.7?10.5). It was also associated with self-cutting and history of psychiatric treatment at the last episode before death, and history of previous self harm. Conclusions: Self-cutting as a method of self-harm in children and adolescents conveys greater risk of suicide (and repetition) than self-poisoning although different methods are usually used for suicide. The findings underline the need for psychosocial assessment in all cases. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02559.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=185

Research Review: Viewing self-harm images on the internet and social media platforms: systematic review of the impact and associated psychological mechanisms / Karima SUSI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-8 (August 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-8 (August 2023) . - p.1115-1139 Titre : Research Review: Viewing self-harm images on the internet and social media platforms: systematic review of the impact and associated psychological mechanisms Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Karima SUSI, Auteur ; Francesca GLOVER-FORD, Auteur ; Anne STEWART, Auteur ; Rebecca KNOWLES BEVIS, Auteur ; Keith HAWTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1115-1139 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Self-harm  self-injury  self-harm images  social media  internet usage Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Viewing self-harm and suicide-related images online can precede these behaviours. We reviewed studies of potential impacts and mechanisms associated with viewing self-harm-related images on the internet and social media. Method CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, HMIC, MEDLINE, PsycArticles, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Sociological Abstracts and Web of Science Core Collection databases were searched for relevant studies from inception to 22 January 2022. Inclusion criteria were English language, peer-reviewed, empirical studies with data related to impacts of viewing self-harm images or videos on the internet or social media. Quality and risk of bias were assessed using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tools. A narrative synthesis approach was used. Results Of the 15 identified studies, all found harmful effects of viewing self-harm-related images online. These included escalation of self-harm, reinforcement of engagement behaviours (e.g. commenting and sharing images), encouragement of social comparison (comparing own self-harm with others), development of a self-harm identity, social connection perpetuating or escalating self-harm, and emotional, cognitive, and physiological impacts triggering self-harm urges and acts. Nine studies found protective effects, including self-harm mitigation or reduction, promotion of self-harm recovery, encouraging social connection and help-giving, and emotional, cognitive and physiological impacts mitigating or reducing self-harm urges and acts. Causality of impact was not determined in any study. Most of the studies did not explicitly evaluate or discuss potential mechanisms. Conclusions Viewing self-harm images online may have both harmful and protective effects, but harmful effects predominated in the studies. Clinically, it is important to assess individual's access to images relating to self-harm and suicide, and the associated impacts, alongside pre-existing vulnerabilities and contextual factors. Higher quality longitudinal research with less reliance on retrospective self-report is needed, as well as studies that test potential mechanisms. We have developed a conceptual model of the impact of viewing self-harm images online to inform future research. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13754 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Research Review: Viewing self-harm images on the internet and social media platforms: systematic review of the impact and associated psychological mechanisms [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Karima SUSI, Auteur ; Francesca GLOVER-FORD, Auteur ; Anne STEWART, Auteur ; Rebecca KNOWLES BEVIS, Auteur ; Keith HAWTON, Auteur . - p.1115-1139. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-8 (August 2023) . - p.1115-1139 Mots-clés : Self-harm  self-injury  self-harm images  social media  internet usage Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Viewing self-harm and suicide-related images online can precede these behaviours. We reviewed studies of potential impacts and mechanisms associated with viewing self-harm-related images on the internet and social media. Method CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, HMIC, MEDLINE, PsycArticles, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Sociological Abstracts and Web of Science Core Collection databases were searched for relevant studies from inception to 22 January 2022. Inclusion criteria were English language, peer-reviewed, empirical studies with data related to impacts of viewing self-harm images or videos on the internet or social media. Quality and risk of bias were assessed using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tools. A narrative synthesis approach was used. Results Of the 15 identified studies, all found harmful effects of viewing self-harm-related images online. These included escalation of self-harm, reinforcement of engagement behaviours (e.g. commenting and sharing images), encouragement of social comparison (comparing own self-harm with others), development of a self-harm identity, social connection perpetuating or escalating self-harm, and emotional, cognitive, and physiological impacts triggering self-harm urges and acts. Nine studies found protective effects, including self-harm mitigation or reduction, promotion of self-harm recovery, encouraging social connection and help-giving, and emotional, cognitive and physiological impacts mitigating or reducing self-harm urges and acts. Causality of impact was not determined in any study. Most of the studies did not explicitly evaluate or discuss potential mechanisms. Conclusions Viewing self-harm images online may have both harmful and protective effects, but harmful effects predominated in the studies. Clinically, it is important to assess individual's access to images relating to self-harm and suicide, and the associated impacts, alongside pre-existing vulnerabilities and contextual factors. Higher quality longitudinal research with less reliance on retrospective self-report is needed, as well as studies that test potential mechanisms. We have developed a conceptual model of the impact of viewing self-harm images online to inform future research. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13754 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

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