Autonomic nervous system responses to social stimuli among autistic individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis / Ester ZADOK in Autism Research, 17-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-3 (March 2024) . - p.497-511 Titre : Autonomic nervous system responses to social stimuli among autistic individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ester ZADOK, Auteur ; Ofer GOLAN, Auteur ; Michal LAVIDOR, Auteur ; Ilanit GORDON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.497-511 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Physiological responses to environmental and social stimuli have been studied broadly in relation to psychological states and processes. This may be especially important regarding autistic individuals, who show disparities in social interactions. However, findings from studies assessing autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses of autistic individuals present contradictions, with reports showing both autonomic disparities and intact autonomic functioning. The current study aimed to review the existing literature and to estimate if there is a difference between autistic individuals and neurotypical (NT) individuals in their autonomic responses to social stimuli. Furthermore, the study examined factors that may moderate this difference, including the type of physiological function measured, the level of participation required, as well as the age and intellectual functioning of the participants. The meta-analysis revealed a small and statistically insignificant overall difference between autistic and NT individuals, albeit with high heterogeneity. A further nested moderator analysis revealed a significant difference between autistic and NT individuals in physiological response that reflects mainly a parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity. Another difference was found in physiological response that reflects a combined activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, but only for experimental tasks that demanded active participation in social interactions. These results suggest a distinctiveness in autonomic regulation of autistic individuals in social situations, and point to the PNS as an important study objective for future investigation. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3068 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=525 [article] Autonomic nervous system responses to social stimuli among autistic individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ester ZADOK, Auteur ; Ofer GOLAN, Auteur ; Michal LAVIDOR, Auteur ; Ilanit GORDON, Auteur . - p.497-511. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-3 (March 2024) . - p.497-511 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Physiological responses to environmental and social stimuli have been studied broadly in relation to psychological states and processes. This may be especially important regarding autistic individuals, who show disparities in social interactions. However, findings from studies assessing autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses of autistic individuals present contradictions, with reports showing both autonomic disparities and intact autonomic functioning. The current study aimed to review the existing literature and to estimate if there is a difference between autistic individuals and neurotypical (NT) individuals in their autonomic responses to social stimuli. Furthermore, the study examined factors that may moderate this difference, including the type of physiological function measured, the level of participation required, as well as the age and intellectual functioning of the participants. The meta-analysis revealed a small and statistically insignificant overall difference between autistic and NT individuals, albeit with high heterogeneity. A further nested moderator analysis revealed a significant difference between autistic and NT individuals in physiological response that reflects mainly a parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity. Another difference was found in physiological response that reflects a combined activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, but only for experimental tasks that demanded active participation in social interactions. These results suggest a distinctiveness in autonomic regulation of autistic individuals in social situations, and point to the PNS as an important study objective for future investigation. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3068 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=525

Improvements in micro level indices of social communication following Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT) / Stav BERMAN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 51 (July 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 51 (July 2018) . - p.56-65 Titre : Improvements in micro level indices of social communication following Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stav BERMAN, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur ; Ilanit GORDON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.56-65 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)  Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT)  Microanalysis  Social communication  Vocalizations  Verbalizations Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT) is an evidence-based treatment for individuals with ASD that targets social communication skills, most notably social motivation. The aim of the current study was to map microanalytic changes in social communication during dyadic child-therapist interactions following a 16-week trial of PRT. We proposed that a microanalytic approach would allow us to meticulously outline the dynamics of the “building blocks” of children’s discourse, stressing certain aspect that might go unnoticed in global methods of coding. We hypothesized that PRT would improve measures of linguistic social communication in children. Method We utilized continuous microanalysis of behavior to explore changes in social communication during PRT sessions in 20 high-functioning children with ASD (ages 4–7 years). For each child, two videotaped PRT sessions – at the beginning and end of these 16 weeks – were coded for vocalizations and verbalizations. This allowed us to compare the amount, fluency, adequacy and reciprocity of social communication between child and therapist at the early versus final stages of PRT. Results Compared to baseline, at endpoint, children increased their overall use of vocalizations as well as the congruency of their responses to those of the therapist. The amount of non-congruent responses also dropped significantly. Additionally, children improved in measures of conversational fluency and use of self-referential pronouns. Conclusions These results provide a mapping of microanalytic changes in social and linguistic communication that occur during PRT and point to children’s improvement in social communication behavior leading to greater social reciprocity and conversational synchrony following treatment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.04.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=362 [article] Improvements in micro level indices of social communication following Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stav BERMAN, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur ; Ilanit GORDON, Auteur . - p.56-65. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 51 (July 2018) . - p.56-65 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)  Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT)  Microanalysis  Social communication  Vocalizations  Verbalizations Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT) is an evidence-based treatment for individuals with ASD that targets social communication skills, most notably social motivation. The aim of the current study was to map microanalytic changes in social communication during dyadic child-therapist interactions following a 16-week trial of PRT. We proposed that a microanalytic approach would allow us to meticulously outline the dynamics of the “building blocks” of children’s discourse, stressing certain aspect that might go unnoticed in global methods of coding. We hypothesized that PRT would improve measures of linguistic social communication in children. Method We utilized continuous microanalysis of behavior to explore changes in social communication during PRT sessions in 20 high-functioning children with ASD (ages 4–7 years). For each child, two videotaped PRT sessions – at the beginning and end of these 16 weeks – were coded for vocalizations and verbalizations. This allowed us to compare the amount, fluency, adequacy and reciprocity of social communication between child and therapist at the early versus final stages of PRT. Results Compared to baseline, at endpoint, children increased their overall use of vocalizations as well as the congruency of their responses to those of the therapist. The amount of non-congruent responses also dropped significantly. Additionally, children improved in measures of conversational fluency and use of self-referential pronouns. Conclusions These results provide a mapping of microanalytic changes in social and linguistic communication that occur during PRT and point to children’s improvement in social communication behavior leading to greater social reciprocity and conversational synchrony following treatment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.04.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=362

Micro-Analyses Reveal Increased Parent-Child Positive Affect in Children with Poorer Adaptive Functioning Receiving the ESDM / Yana SINAI-GAVRILOV in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-11 (November)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-11 (November) . - p.4339-4345 Titre : Micro-Analyses Reveal Increased Parent-Child Positive Affect in Children with Poorer Adaptive Functioning Receiving the ESDM Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yana SINAI-GAVRILOV, Auteur ; Tali GEV, Auteur ; Ilanit GORDON, Auteur ; Irit MOR-SNIR, Auteur ; Giacomo VIVANTI, Auteur ; Ofer GOLAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4339-4345 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Synchronous positive affect (SPA) is a key element of parent-child interaction quality which is related to favorable developmental outcomes. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their parents tend to show less SPA compared to other populations. The current study explored changes in SPA made by parents and their children with ASD following the Preschool-Based Early Start Denver Model (PB-ESDM) intervention. Thirty children receiving PB-ESDM and 23 receiving treatment-as-usual (TAU) were assessed pre- and post- intervention using microanalysis of video-recorded parent-child interactions, in which SPA was quantified. Results showed a significant increase in SPA among children receiving PB-ESDM who had lower pre-treatment adaptive functioning. These findings suggest that SPA may serve as a sensitive treatment outcome measure for children with poorer adaptive functioning, who often struggle to show significant changes on standardized measures. The study?s modest sample and non-randomized design are noted as limitations. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05819-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=537 [article] Micro-Analyses Reveal Increased Parent-Child Positive Affect in Children with Poorer Adaptive Functioning Receiving the ESDM [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yana SINAI-GAVRILOV, Auteur ; Tali GEV, Auteur ; Ilanit GORDON, Auteur ; Irit MOR-SNIR, Auteur ; Giacomo VIVANTI, Auteur ; Ofer GOLAN, Auteur . - p.4339-4345. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-11 (November) . - p.4339-4345 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Synchronous positive affect (SPA) is a key element of parent-child interaction quality which is related to favorable developmental outcomes. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their parents tend to show less SPA compared to other populations. The current study explored changes in SPA made by parents and their children with ASD following the Preschool-Based Early Start Denver Model (PB-ESDM) intervention. Thirty children receiving PB-ESDM and 23 receiving treatment-as-usual (TAU) were assessed pre- and post- intervention using microanalysis of video-recorded parent-child interactions, in which SPA was quantified. Results showed a significant increase in SPA among children receiving PB-ESDM who had lower pre-treatment adaptive functioning. These findings suggest that SPA may serve as a sensitive treatment outcome measure for children with poorer adaptive functioning, who often struggle to show significant changes on standardized measures. The study?s modest sample and non-randomized design are noted as limitations. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05819-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=537

Oxytocin impacts top-down and bottom-up social perception in adolescents with ASD: a MEG study of neural connectivity / Adi KORISKY in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 36 p. Titre : Oxytocin impacts top-down and bottom-up social perception in adolescents with ASD: a MEG study of neural connectivity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Adi KORISKY, Auteur ; Ilanit GORDON, Auteur ; Abraham GOLDSTEIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 36 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Administration, Intranasal  Animals  Autistic Disorder/diagnostic imaging/drug therapy  Double-Blind Method  Facial Recognition/physiology  Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods  Oxytocin/pharmacology  Social Perception  Autism  Connectivity  Face perception  Gamma  Meg  Oxytocin  personal or financial interests that could influence the study in this paper. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: In the last decade, accumulative evidence has shown that oxytocin can modulate social perception in typically developed individuals and individuals diagnosed with autism. While several studies show that oxytocin (OT) modulates neural activation in social-related neural regions, the mechanism that underlies OT effects in ASD is not fully known yet. Despite evidence from animal studies on connections between the oxytocinergic system and excitation/inhibition neural balance, the influence of OT on oscillatory responses among individuals with ASD has been rarely examined. To bridge these gaps in knowledge, we investigated the effects of OT on both social and non-social stimuli while focusing on its specific influence on the neural connectivity between three socially related neural regions-the left and right fusiform and the medial frontal cortex. METHODS: Twenty-five adolescents with ASD participated in a wall-established social task during a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled MEG and OT administration study. Our main task was a social-related task that required the identification of social and non-social-related pictures. We hypothesized that OT would modulate the oscillatory connectivity between three pre-selected regions of interest to be more adaptive to social processing. Specifically, we focused on alpha and gamma bands which are known to play an important role in face processing and top-down/bottom-up balance. RESULTS: Compared to placebo, OT reduced the connectivity between the medial frontal cortex and the fusiform in the low gamma more for social stimuli than for non-social ones, a reduction that was correlated with individuals' performance in the task. Additionally, for both social and non-social stimuli, OT increased the connectivity in the alpha and beta bands. LIMITATIONS: Sample size was determined based on sample sizes previously reported in MEG in clinical populations, especially OT administration studies in combination with neuroimaging in ASD. We were limited in our capability to recruit for such a study, and as such, the sample size was not based on a priori power analysis. Additionally, we limited our analyses to specific neural bands and regions. To validate the current results, future studies may be needed to explore other parameters using whole-brain approaches in larger samples. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that OT influenced social perception by modifying the communication between frontal and posterior regions, an attenuation that potentially impacts both social and non-social early perception. We also show that OT influences differ between top-down and bottom-up processes, depending on the social context. Overall, by showing that OT influences both social-related perception and overall attention during early processing stages, we add new information to the existing understanding of the impact of OT on neural processing in ASD. Furthermore, by highlighting the influence of OT on early perception, we provide new directions for treatments for difficulties in early attentional phases in this population. Trial registration Registered on October 27, 2021-Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT05096676 (details on clinical registration can be found in www. CLINICALTRIAL: gov , unique identifier: NCT05096676 ). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00513-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491 [article] Oxytocin impacts top-down and bottom-up social perception in adolescents with ASD: a MEG study of neural connectivity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Adi KORISKY, Auteur ; Ilanit GORDON, Auteur ; Abraham GOLDSTEIN, Auteur . - 36 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 36 p. Mots-clés : Administration, Intranasal  Animals  Autistic Disorder/diagnostic imaging/drug therapy  Double-Blind Method  Facial Recognition/physiology  Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods  Oxytocin/pharmacology  Social Perception  Autism  Connectivity  Face perception  Gamma  Meg  Oxytocin  personal or financial interests that could influence the study in this paper. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: In the last decade, accumulative evidence has shown that oxytocin can modulate social perception in typically developed individuals and individuals diagnosed with autism. While several studies show that oxytocin (OT) modulates neural activation in social-related neural regions, the mechanism that underlies OT effects in ASD is not fully known yet. Despite evidence from animal studies on connections between the oxytocinergic system and excitation/inhibition neural balance, the influence of OT on oscillatory responses among individuals with ASD has been rarely examined. To bridge these gaps in knowledge, we investigated the effects of OT on both social and non-social stimuli while focusing on its specific influence on the neural connectivity between three socially related neural regions-the left and right fusiform and the medial frontal cortex. METHODS: Twenty-five adolescents with ASD participated in a wall-established social task during a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled MEG and OT administration study. Our main task was a social-related task that required the identification of social and non-social-related pictures. We hypothesized that OT would modulate the oscillatory connectivity between three pre-selected regions of interest to be more adaptive to social processing. Specifically, we focused on alpha and gamma bands which are known to play an important role in face processing and top-down/bottom-up balance. RESULTS: Compared to placebo, OT reduced the connectivity between the medial frontal cortex and the fusiform in the low gamma more for social stimuli than for non-social ones, a reduction that was correlated with individuals' performance in the task. Additionally, for both social and non-social stimuli, OT increased the connectivity in the alpha and beta bands. LIMITATIONS: Sample size was determined based on sample sizes previously reported in MEG in clinical populations, especially OT administration studies in combination with neuroimaging in ASD. We were limited in our capability to recruit for such a study, and as such, the sample size was not based on a priori power analysis. Additionally, we limited our analyses to specific neural bands and regions. To validate the current results, future studies may be needed to explore other parameters using whole-brain approaches in larger samples. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that OT influenced social perception by modifying the communication between frontal and posterior regions, an attenuation that potentially impacts both social and non-social early perception. We also show that OT influences differ between top-down and bottom-up processes, depending on the social context. Overall, by showing that OT influences both social-related perception and overall attention during early processing stages, we add new information to the existing understanding of the impact of OT on neural processing in ASD. Furthermore, by highlighting the influence of OT on early perception, we provide new directions for treatments for difficulties in early attentional phases in this population. Trial registration Registered on October 27, 2021-Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT05096676 (details on clinical registration can be found in www. CLINICALTRIAL: gov , unique identifier: NCT05096676 ). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00513-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491

Reduced sensitivity to curvature in adolescents diagnosed with ASD / Adi KORISKY in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 92 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 92 (April 2022) . - 101929 Titre : Reduced sensitivity to curvature in adolescents diagnosed with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Adi KORISKY, Auteur ; Abraham GOLDSTEIN, Auteur ; Adam ZAIDEL, Auteur ; Ilanit GORDON, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101929 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Perception  Vision Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Research on visual perception in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has generated conflicting results. Studies on low-level perception among individuals with ASD show mixed results, and while some report reduced performance in this level, others present superior or typical low-level processing. Interestingly, despite the difficulties in social perception in this population, these studies usually do not implement social cues or context in these paradigms. Using a two-alternative forced-choice psychophysics task, we aim to integrate these results by assessing the perception of low-level stimulus presented either on its own or served as a local feature within a context. Methods Thirty-one adolescents diagnosed with ASD and 27 typically developed adolescents were asked to judge whether an arc, a low-level stimulus, was convex or concave. We measured the individual perceptual thresholds and biases under three conditions: face-like stimuli (where the arc was the mouth inside a circle with two dots), scrambled (same visual features as the former, in a scrambled location), and arc-only stimuli. Results Our results show that compared to TDs, adolescents with ASD were less sensitive to changes in the curvature of the arc across conditions and contexts. Our results also validate the known high heterogeneity in ASD, as we point to a subset of ASD participants who displayed reduced perceptual abilities. Conclusions By showing that adolescents diagnosed with ASD had difficulties during curvature perception, our results contribute to the growing knowledge base on low-level perception in ASD. Moreover, these findings highlight the importance of using multi-level paradigms composing of both low and local-level stimuli to fully understand visual perception in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2022.101929 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=458 [article] Reduced sensitivity to curvature in adolescents diagnosed with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Adi KORISKY, Auteur ; Abraham GOLDSTEIN, Auteur ; Adam ZAIDEL, Auteur ; Ilanit GORDON, Auteur . - 101929. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 92 (April 2022) . - 101929 Mots-clés : Autism  Perception  Vision Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Research on visual perception in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has generated conflicting results. Studies on low-level perception among individuals with ASD show mixed results, and while some report reduced performance in this level, others present superior or typical low-level processing. Interestingly, despite the difficulties in social perception in this population, these studies usually do not implement social cues or context in these paradigms. Using a two-alternative forced-choice psychophysics task, we aim to integrate these results by assessing the perception of low-level stimulus presented either on its own or served as a local feature within a context. Methods Thirty-one adolescents diagnosed with ASD and 27 typically developed adolescents were asked to judge whether an arc, a low-level stimulus, was convex or concave. We measured the individual perceptual thresholds and biases under three conditions: face-like stimuli (where the arc was the mouth inside a circle with two dots), scrambled (same visual features as the former, in a scrambled location), and arc-only stimuli. Results Our results show that compared to TDs, adolescents with ASD were less sensitive to changes in the curvature of the arc across conditions and contexts. Our results also validate the known high heterogeneity in ASD, as we point to a subset of ASD participants who displayed reduced perceptual abilities. Conclusions By showing that adolescents diagnosed with ASD had difficulties during curvature perception, our results contribute to the growing knowledge base on low-level perception in ASD. Moreover, these findings highlight the importance of using multi-level paradigms composing of both low and local-level stimuli to fully understand visual perception in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2022.101929 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=458

Shifts in Behavioral Synchrony in Response to an Interaction Partner's Distress in Adolescents With and Without ASD / Ester ZADOK in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-10 (October 2022)  

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