Beyond Behaviour: Is Social Anxiety Low in Williams Syndrome? / Helen F. DODD in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39-12 (December 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 39-12 (December 2009) . - p.1673-1681 Titre : Beyond Behaviour: Is Social Anxiety Low in Williams Syndrome? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Helen F. DODD, Auteur ; Melanie A. PORTER, Auteur ; Carolyn A. SCHNIERING, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.1673-1681 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Williams-syndrome Anxiety Threat Thoughts Social-behaviour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) exhibit striking social behaviour that may be indicative of abnormally low social anxiety. The present research aimed to determine whether social anxiety is unusually low in WS and to replicate previous findings of increased generalised anxiety in WS using both parent and self report. Fifteen individuals with WS aged 12–28 years completed the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) and the Children’s Automatic Thoughts Scale (CATS). Their responses were compared to clinically anxious and community comparison groups matched on mental age. The findings suggest that WS is not associated with unusually low social anxiety but that generalised anxiety symptoms and physical threat thoughts are increased in WS, relative to typically developing children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-009-0806-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=884 [article] Beyond Behaviour: Is Social Anxiety Low in Williams Syndrome? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Helen F. DODD, Auteur ; Melanie A. PORTER, Auteur ; Carolyn A. SCHNIERING, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.1673-1681. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 39-12 (December 2009) . - p.1673-1681 Mots-clés : Williams-syndrome Anxiety Threat Thoughts Social-behaviour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) exhibit striking social behaviour that may be indicative of abnormally low social anxiety. The present research aimed to determine whether social anxiety is unusually low in WS and to replicate previous findings of increased generalised anxiety in WS using both parent and self report. Fifteen individuals with WS aged 12–28 years completed the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) and the Children’s Automatic Thoughts Scale (CATS). Their responses were compared to clinically anxious and community comparison groups matched on mental age. The findings suggest that WS is not associated with unusually low social anxiety but that generalised anxiety symptoms and physical threat thoughts are increased in WS, relative to typically developing children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-009-0806-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=884

Emotion Recognition and Visual-Scan Paths in Fragile X Syndrome / Tracey A. SHAW in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-5 (May 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-5 (May 2013) . - p.1119-1139 Titre : Emotion Recognition and Visual-Scan Paths in Fragile X Syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tracey A. SHAW, Auteur ; Melanie A. PORTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1119-1139 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Fragile X syndrome  Developmental disorders  Emotion recognition  Eye-tracking  Scan-paths Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated emotion recognition abilities and visual scanning of emotional faces in 16 Fragile X syndrome (FXS) individuals compared to 16 chronological-age and 16 mental-age matched controls. The relationships between emotion recognition, visual scan-paths and symptoms of social anxiety, schizotypy and autism were also explored. Results indicated that, compared to both control groups, the FXS group displayed specific emotion recognition deficits for angry and neutral (but not happy or fearful) facial expressions. Despite these evident emotion recognition deficits, the visual scanning of emotional faces was found to be at developmentally appropriate levels in the FXS group. Significant relationships were also observed between visual scan-paths, emotion recognition performance and symptomology in the FXS group. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1654-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=195 [article] Emotion Recognition and Visual-Scan Paths in Fragile X Syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tracey A. SHAW, Auteur ; Melanie A. PORTER, Auteur . - p.1119-1139. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-5 (May 2013) . - p.1119-1139 Mots-clés : Fragile X syndrome  Developmental disorders  Emotion recognition  Eye-tracking  Scan-paths Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated emotion recognition abilities and visual scanning of emotional faces in 16 Fragile X syndrome (FXS) individuals compared to 16 chronological-age and 16 mental-age matched controls. The relationships between emotion recognition, visual scan-paths and symptoms of social anxiety, schizotypy and autism were also explored. Results indicated that, compared to both control groups, the FXS group displayed specific emotion recognition deficits for angry and neutral (but not happy or fearful) facial expressions. Despite these evident emotion recognition deficits, the visual scanning of emotional faces was found to be at developmentally appropriate levels in the FXS group. Significant relationships were also observed between visual scan-paths, emotion recognition performance and symptomology in the FXS group. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1654-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=195

Interpretation of Ambiguous Situations: Evidence for a Dissociation Between Social and Physical Threat in Williams Syndrome / Helen F. DODD in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41-3 (March 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-3 (March 2011) . - p.266-274 Titre : Interpretation of Ambiguous Situations: Evidence for a Dissociation Between Social and Physical Threat in Williams Syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Helen F. DODD, Auteur ; Melanie A. PORTER, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.266-274 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Interpretation bias  Cognitive bias  Williams syndrome  Anxiety  Developmental disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Williams syndrome (WS) is associated with an unusual profile of anxiety, characterised by increased rates of non-social anxiety but not social anxiety (Dodd and Porter, J Ment Health Res Intellect Disabil 2(2):89–109, 2009). The present research examines whether this profile of anxiety is associated with an interpretation bias for ambiguous physical, but not social, situations. Sixteen participants with WS, aged 13–34 years, and two groups of typically developing controls matched to the WS group on chronological age (CA) and mental age (MA), participated. Consistent with the profile of anxiety reported in WS, the WS group were significantly more likely to interpret an ambiguous physical situation as threatening than both control groups. However, no between-group differences were found on the ambiguous social situations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1048-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118 [article] Interpretation of Ambiguous Situations: Evidence for a Dissociation Between Social and Physical Threat in Williams Syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Helen F. DODD, Auteur ; Melanie A. PORTER, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.266-274. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-3 (March 2011) . - p.266-274 Mots-clés : Interpretation bias  Cognitive bias  Williams syndrome  Anxiety  Developmental disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Williams syndrome (WS) is associated with an unusual profile of anxiety, characterised by increased rates of non-social anxiety but not social anxiety (Dodd and Porter, J Ment Health Res Intellect Disabil 2(2):89–109, 2009). The present research examines whether this profile of anxiety is associated with an interpretation bias for ambiguous physical, but not social, situations. Sixteen participants with WS, aged 13–34 years, and two groups of typically developing controls matched to the WS group on chronological age (CA) and mental age (MA), participated. Consistent with the profile of anxiety reported in WS, the WS group were significantly more likely to interpret an ambiguous physical situation as threatening than both control groups. However, no between-group differences were found on the ambiguous social situations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1048-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118

Theory of Mind in Williams Syndrome Assessed Using a Nonverbal Task / Melanie A. PORTER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38-5 (May 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-5 (May 2008) . - 806-814 Titre : Theory of Mind in Williams Syndrome Assessed Using a Nonverbal Task Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melanie A. PORTER, Auteur ; Max COLTHEART, Auteur ; Robyn LANGDON, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : 806-814 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Williams-syndrome Theory-of Mind-(ToM) Nonverbal Heterogeneity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined Theory of Mind in Williams syndrome (WS) and in normal chronological age-matched and mental age-matched control groups, using a picture sequencing task. This task assesses understanding of pretence, intention and false belief, while controlling for social-script knowledge and physical cause-and-effect reasoning. The task was selected because it is entirely non-verbal, so that the WS individuals could not rely on their good verbal skills when performing the task. Results indicated a specific deficit in understanding of false belief within the WS group. There was also evidence of heterogeneity in the WS group, with the false belief impairment restricted to only a particular subgroup of WS individuals identified originally by Porter, M., & Coltheart, M. (2005). Cognitive heterogeneity in Williams syndrome. Developmental Neuropsychology, 27(2), 275–306. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0447-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=416 [article] Theory of Mind in Williams Syndrome Assessed Using a Nonverbal Task [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melanie A. PORTER, Auteur ; Max COLTHEART, Auteur ; Robyn LANGDON, Auteur . - 2008 . - 806-814. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-5 (May 2008) . - 806-814 Mots-clés : Williams-syndrome Theory-of Mind-(ToM) Nonverbal Heterogeneity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined Theory of Mind in Williams syndrome (WS) and in normal chronological age-matched and mental age-matched control groups, using a picture sequencing task. This task assesses understanding of pretence, intention and false belief, while controlling for social-script knowledge and physical cause-and-effect reasoning. The task was selected because it is entirely non-verbal, so that the WS individuals could not rely on their good verbal skills when performing the task. Results indicated a specific deficit in understanding of false belief within the WS group. There was also evidence of heterogeneity in the WS group, with the false belief impairment restricted to only a particular subgroup of WS individuals identified originally by Porter, M., & Coltheart, M. (2005). Cognitive heterogeneity in Williams syndrome. Developmental Neuropsychology, 27(2), 275–306. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0447-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=416

Viewing Social Scenes: A Visual Scan-Path Study Comparing Fragile X Syndrome and Williams Syndrome / Tracey A. WILLIAMS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-8 (August 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-8 (August 2013) . - p.1880-1894 Titre : Viewing Social Scenes: A Visual Scan-Path Study Comparing Fragile X Syndrome and Williams Syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tracey A. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Melanie A. PORTER, Auteur ; Robyn LANGDON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1880-1894 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Fragile X syndrome  FXS  Williams syndrome  WS  Social processing  Attentional disengagement  Attentional capture  Eye-tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Fragile X syndrome (FXS) and Williams syndrome (WS) are both genetic disorders which present with similar cognitive-behavioral problems, but distinct social phenotypes. Despite these social differences both syndromes display poor social relations which may result from abnormal social processing. This study aimed to manipulate the location of socially salient information within scenes to investigate the visual attentional mechanisms of: capture, disengagement, and/or general engagement. Findings revealed that individuals with FXS avoid social information presented centrally, at least initially. The WS findings, on the other hand, provided some evidence that difficulties with attentional disengagement, rather than attentional capture, may play a role in the WS social phenotype. These findings are discussed in relation to the distinct social phenotypes of these two disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1737-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=205 [article] Viewing Social Scenes: A Visual Scan-Path Study Comparing Fragile X Syndrome and Williams Syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tracey A. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Melanie A. PORTER, Auteur ; Robyn LANGDON, Auteur . - p.1880-1894. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-8 (August 2013) . - p.1880-1894 Mots-clés : Fragile X syndrome  FXS  Williams syndrome  WS  Social processing  Attentional disengagement  Attentional capture  Eye-tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Fragile X syndrome (FXS) and Williams syndrome (WS) are both genetic disorders which present with similar cognitive-behavioral problems, but distinct social phenotypes. Despite these social differences both syndromes display poor social relations which may result from abnormal social processing. This study aimed to manipulate the location of socially salient information within scenes to investigate the visual attentional mechanisms of: capture, disengagement, and/or general engagement. Findings revealed that individuals with FXS avoid social information presented centrally, at least initially. The WS findings, on the other hand, provided some evidence that difficulties with attentional disengagement, rather than attentional capture, may play a role in the WS social phenotype. These findings are discussed in relation to the distinct social phenotypes of these two disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1737-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=205

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