Age-variant and age-invariant features of functional brain organization in middle-aged and older autistic adults / Joe BATHELT in Molecular Autism, 11 (2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 9 p. Titre : Age-variant and age-invariant features of functional brain organization in middle-aged and older autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joe BATHELT, Auteur ; P. Cédric KOOLSCHIJN, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : 9 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aging  Autism spectrum disorder  Functional connectivity  Graph theory  perceived as posing a conflict or bias. The authors confirm that the funder had no  influence on the study design, preparation of the manuscript, or decision to  publish. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The majority of research effort into autism has been dedicated to understanding mechanisms during early development. As a consequence, research on the broader life course of an autism spectrum condition (ASC) has largely been neglected and almost nothing is known about ASC beyond middle age. Differences in brain connectivity that arise during early development may be maintained across the lifespan and may play protective or detrimental roles in older age. METHOD: This study explored age-related differences in functional connectivity across middle and older age in clinically diagnosed autistic adults (n?=?44, 30-73 years) and in an age-matched typical comparison group (n?=?45). RESULTS: The results indicated parallel age-related associations in ASC and typical aging for the local efficiency and connection strength of the default mode network and for the segregation of the frontoparietal control network. In contrast, group differences in visual network connectivity are compatible with a safeguarding interpretation of less age-related decline in brain function in ASC. This divergence was mirrored in different associations between visual network connectivity and reaction time variability in the ASC and comparison group. LIMITATIONS: The study is cross-sectional and may be affected by cohort effects. As all participants received their autism diagnosis in adulthood, this might hinder generalizability. CONCLUSION: These results highlight the complexity of aging in ASC with both parallel and divergent trajectories across different aspects of functional network organization. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-0316-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427 [article] Age-variant and age-invariant features of functional brain organization in middle-aged and older autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joe BATHELT, Auteur ; P. Cédric KOOLSCHIJN, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur . - 9 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 9 p. Mots-clés : Aging  Autism spectrum disorder  Functional connectivity  Graph theory  perceived as posing a conflict or bias. The authors confirm that the funder had no  influence on the study design, preparation of the manuscript, or decision to  publish. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The majority of research effort into autism has been dedicated to understanding mechanisms during early development. As a consequence, research on the broader life course of an autism spectrum condition (ASC) has largely been neglected and almost nothing is known about ASC beyond middle age. Differences in brain connectivity that arise during early development may be maintained across the lifespan and may play protective or detrimental roles in older age. METHOD: This study explored age-related differences in functional connectivity across middle and older age in clinically diagnosed autistic adults (n?=?44, 30-73 years) and in an age-matched typical comparison group (n?=?45). RESULTS: The results indicated parallel age-related associations in ASC and typical aging for the local efficiency and connection strength of the default mode network and for the segregation of the frontoparietal control network. In contrast, group differences in visual network connectivity are compatible with a safeguarding interpretation of less age-related decline in brain function in ASC. This divergence was mirrored in different associations between visual network connectivity and reaction time variability in the ASC and comparison group. LIMITATIONS: The study is cross-sectional and may be affected by cohort effects. As all participants received their autism diagnosis in adulthood, this might hinder generalizability. CONCLUSION: These results highlight the complexity of aging in ASC with both parallel and divergent trajectories across different aspects of functional network organization. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-0316-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427

Autism and depression are connected: A report of two complimentary network studies / Barbara FC VAN HEIJST in Autism, 24-3 (April 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-3 (April 2020) . - p.680-692 Titre : Autism and depression are connected: A report of two complimentary network studies Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Barbara FC VAN HEIJST, Auteur ; Marie K. DESERNO, Auteur ; Didi RHEBERGEN, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.680-692 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  depression  mastery  network analysis  psychiatric comorbidity  worry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism and depression often co-occur. Through network analysis, we seek to gain a better understanding of this co-occurrence by investigating whether (1) autism and depression share overlapping groups of symptoms and/or (2) are connected through a bridge of mastery or worry symptoms. This is addressed in two complimentary studies: (1) Study 1 focusing on depressed (N = 258) and non-depressed adults (N = 117), aged 60-90 years; (2) Study 2 focusing on autistic (N = 173) and non-autistic adults (N = 70), aged 31-89 years. Self-report questionnaire data were collected on autistic traits (AQ-28), depression symptoms (Study 1: Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self Report; Study 2: Symptom Checklist 90-Revised depression subscale), worry (Worry Scale-R) and mastery (the Pearlin Mastery Scale). For both studies, data were analysed by creating glasso networks and subsequent centrality analyses to identify the most influential variables in the respective networks. Both depressed and autistic adults are highly similar in the perceived amount of worries and lack of control. While caution is needed when interpreting the pattern of findings given the bootstrapping results, findings from both studies indicate that overlapping symptoms do not fully explain the co-occurrence of autism and depression and the perception of having control over your life, that is, mastery seems a relevant factor in connecting autism and depression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319872373 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Autism and depression are connected: A report of two complimentary network studies [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Barbara FC VAN HEIJST, Auteur ; Marie K. DESERNO, Auteur ; Didi RHEBERGEN, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.680-692. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-3 (April 2020) . - p.680-692 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  depression  mastery  network analysis  psychiatric comorbidity  worry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism and depression often co-occur. Through network analysis, we seek to gain a better understanding of this co-occurrence by investigating whether (1) autism and depression share overlapping groups of symptoms and/or (2) are connected through a bridge of mastery or worry symptoms. This is addressed in two complimentary studies: (1) Study 1 focusing on depressed (N = 258) and non-depressed adults (N = 117), aged 60-90 years; (2) Study 2 focusing on autistic (N = 173) and non-autistic adults (N = 70), aged 31-89 years. Self-report questionnaire data were collected on autistic traits (AQ-28), depression symptoms (Study 1: Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self Report; Study 2: Symptom Checklist 90-Revised depression subscale), worry (Worry Scale-R) and mastery (the Pearlin Mastery Scale). For both studies, data were analysed by creating glasso networks and subsequent centrality analyses to identify the most influential variables in the respective networks. Both depressed and autistic adults are highly similar in the perceived amount of worries and lack of control. While caution is needed when interpreting the pattern of findings given the bootstrapping results, findings from both studies indicate that overlapping symptoms do not fully explain the co-occurrence of autism and depression and the perception of having control over your life, that is, mastery seems a relevant factor in connecting autism and depression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319872373 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Difference in default mode network subsystems in autism across childhood and adolescence / Joe BATHELT in Autism, 25-2 (February 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 25-2 (February 2021) . - p.556-565 Titre : Difference in default mode network subsystems in autism across childhood and adolescence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joe BATHELT, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.556-565 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  brain development  default mode network  functional connectivity  modularity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neuroimaging research has identified a network of brain regions that are more active when we daydream compared to when we are engaged in a task. This network has been named the default mode network. Furthermore, differences in the default mode network are the most consistent findings in neuroimaging research in autism. Recent studies suggest that the default mode network is composed of subnetworks that are tied to different functions, namely memory and understanding others' minds. In this study, we investigated if default mode network differences in autism are related to specific subnetworks of the default mode network and if these differences change across childhood and adolescence. Our results suggest that the subnetworks of the default mode network are less differentiated in autism in middle childhood compared to neurotypicals. By late adolescence, the default mode network subnetwork organisation was similar in the autistic and neurotypical groups. These findings provide a foundation for future studies to investigate if this developmental pattern relates to improvements in the integration of memory and social understanding as autistic children grow up. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320969258 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442 [article] Difference in default mode network subsystems in autism across childhood and adolescence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joe BATHELT, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.556-565. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 25-2 (February 2021) . - p.556-565 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  brain development  default mode network  functional connectivity  modularity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neuroimaging research has identified a network of brain regions that are more active when we daydream compared to when we are engaged in a task. This network has been named the default mode network. Furthermore, differences in the default mode network are the most consistent findings in neuroimaging research in autism. Recent studies suggest that the default mode network is composed of subnetworks that are tied to different functions, namely memory and understanding others' minds. In this study, we investigated if default mode network differences in autism are related to specific subnetworks of the default mode network and if these differences change across childhood and adolescence. Our results suggest that the subnetworks of the default mode network are less differentiated in autism in middle childhood compared to neurotypicals. By late adolescence, the default mode network subnetwork organisation was similar in the autistic and neurotypical groups. These findings provide a foundation for future studies to investigate if this developmental pattern relates to improvements in the integration of memory and social understanding as autistic children grow up. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320969258 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442

Executive Functioning in 60+ Autistic Males: The Discrepancy Between Experienced Challenges and Cognitive Performance / Hilde M. GEURTS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-4 (April 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-4 (April 2020) . - p.1380-1390 Titre : Executive Functioning in 60+ Autistic Males: The Discrepancy Between Experienced Challenges and Cognitive Performance Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur ; S. E. POL, Auteur ; J. LOBBESTAEL, Auteur ; Claudia J. P. SIMONS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1380-1390 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Cognition  Executive function  Old age Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : As executive functioning (EF) is especially sensitive to age-related cognitive decline, EF was evaluated by using a multi-method assessment. Fifty males (60-85 years) with a late adulthood autism spectrum condition (ASC) diagnosis and 51 non-ASC males (60-83 years) were compared on cognitive tests across EF domains (cognitive flexibility, planning, processing speed, and working memory) and a self- and proxy report of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version. While no objective performance differences emerged, autistic males and their proxies did report more EF challenges than non-ASC males on the subjective measure. In order to know how to support the older autistic men who received their ASC diagnosis in late adulthood with their daily life EF challenges, it is important to understand what underlies these subjective EF problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04368-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=421 [article] Executive Functioning in 60+ Autistic Males: The Discrepancy Between Experienced Challenges and Cognitive Performance [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur ; S. E. POL, Auteur ; J. LOBBESTAEL, Auteur ; Claudia J. P. SIMONS, Auteur . - p.1380-1390. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-4 (April 2020) . - p.1380-1390 Mots-clés : Autism  Cognition  Executive function  Old age Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : As executive functioning (EF) is especially sensitive to age-related cognitive decline, EF was evaluated by using a multi-method assessment. Fifty males (60-85 years) with a late adulthood autism spectrum condition (ASC) diagnosis and 51 non-ASC males (60-83 years) were compared on cognitive tests across EF domains (cognitive flexibility, planning, processing speed, and working memory) and a self- and proxy report of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version. While no objective performance differences emerged, autistic males and their proxies did report more EF challenges than non-ASC males on the subjective measure. In order to know how to support the older autistic men who received their ASC diagnosis in late adulthood with their daily life EF challenges, it is important to understand what underlies these subjective EF problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04368-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=421

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