Brief Report: Impact of COVID-19 in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Analysis of a National Private Claims Insurance Database / Arun KARPUR in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-5 (May 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-5 (May 2022) . - p.2350-2356 Titre : Brief Report: Impact of COVID-19 in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Analysis of a National Private Claims Insurance Database Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Arun KARPUR, Auteur ; Vijay VASUDEVAN, Auteur ; Andy SHIH, Auteur ; Thomas W. FRAZIER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2350-2356 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  COVID-19/epidemiology  Humans  Insurance  Length of Stay  Pandemics  Autism spectrum disorders  COVID-19 pandemic  FAIR health inc.  Hospitalization  Intellectual disabilities Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a detrimental impact on individuals with disabilities. Data from FAIR Health's FH® NPIC (National Private Insurance Claims) database, one of the nation's largest databases of private insurance claim records, were analyzed to understand the experiences of individuals with ASD in the COVID-19 pandemic. Multivariate logistic regression models revealed that individuals with ASD+ID were nine times more likely to be hospitalized following COVID-19 infection (OR=9.3; 95% CI: 6.9-12.5) and were nearly six times more likely to have an elevated length of hospital stay (OR=5.9; 95% CI: 3.5-10.1) compared to those without ASD+ID. These findings point to the need for prioritizing access to vaccines to prevent COVID-19 infection and morbidities. This is the first study to illustrate a higher likelihood of hospitalization and elevated length of hospital stay from COVID-19 in individuals with ASD and other comorbidities. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05100-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Brief Report: Impact of COVID-19 in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Analysis of a National Private Claims Insurance Database [texte imprimé] / Arun KARPUR, Auteur ; Vijay VASUDEVAN, Auteur ; Andy SHIH, Auteur ; Thomas W. FRAZIER, Auteur . - p.2350-2356. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-5 (May 2022) . - p.2350-2356 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  COVID-19/epidemiology  Humans  Insurance  Length of Stay  Pandemics  Autism spectrum disorders  COVID-19 pandemic  FAIR health inc.  Hospitalization  Intellectual disabilities Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a detrimental impact on individuals with disabilities. Data from FAIR Health's FH® NPIC (National Private Insurance Claims) database, one of the nation's largest databases of private insurance claim records, were analyzed to understand the experiences of individuals with ASD in the COVID-19 pandemic. Multivariate logistic regression models revealed that individuals with ASD+ID were nine times more likely to be hospitalized following COVID-19 infection (OR=9.3; 95% CI: 6.9-12.5) and were nearly six times more likely to have an elevated length of hospital stay (OR=5.9; 95% CI: 3.5-10.1) compared to those without ASD+ID. These findings point to the need for prioritizing access to vaccines to prevent COVID-19 infection and morbidities. This is the first study to illustrate a higher likelihood of hospitalization and elevated length of hospital stay from COVID-19 in individuals with ASD and other comorbidities. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05100-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Open-Source Challenging Behavior Scale (OS-CBS) / Izma KHALIQ ; Keeley SCULLIN ; Mirko ULJAREVIĆ ; Andy SHIH ; Arun KARPUR in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-12 (December 2023) . - p.4655-4670 Titre : Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Open-Source Challenging Behavior Scale (OS-CBS) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Izma KHALIQ, Auteur ; Keeley SCULLIN, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIĆ, Auteur ; Andy SHIH, Auteur ; Arun KARPUR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4655-4670 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : At present, there are no brief, freely-available, informant-report measures that evaluate key challenging behaviors relevant to youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or other developmental disabilities (DD). This paper describes the development, refinement, and initial psychometric evaluation of a new 18-item measure, the Open-Source Challenging Behavior Scale (OS-CBS). In a large sample (n=2004, 169 with ASD, ages 2-17), results of psychometric analyses indicated a clear factor structure (property destruction, aggression, elopement, conduct problems, and self-injury and a general factor with high loadings from all items) based on exploratory structural equation modeling, good scale reliability (?=.66-.83 for subscales, ?=.91 total scale), measurement invariance across demographics, and good construct validity. The OS-CBS is a psychometrically-sound instrument for screening and monitoring intervention progress. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05750-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=515 [article] Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Open-Source Challenging Behavior Scale (OS-CBS) [texte imprimé] / Izma KHALIQ, Auteur ; Keeley SCULLIN, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIĆ, Auteur ; Andy SHIH, Auteur ; Arun KARPUR, Auteur . - p.4655-4670. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-12 (December 2023) . - p.4655-4670 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : At present, there are no brief, freely-available, informant-report measures that evaluate key challenging behaviors relevant to youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or other developmental disabilities (DD). This paper describes the development, refinement, and initial psychometric evaluation of a new 18-item measure, the Open-Source Challenging Behavior Scale (OS-CBS). In a large sample (n=2004, 169 with ASD, ages 2-17), results of psychometric analyses indicated a clear factor structure (property destruction, aggression, elopement, conduct problems, and self-injury and a general factor with high loadings from all items) based on exploratory structural equation modeling, good scale reliability (?=.66-.83 for subscales, ?=.91 total scale), measurement invariance across demographics, and good construct validity. The OS-CBS is a psychometrically-sound instrument for screening and monitoring intervention progress. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05750-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=515

Food insecurity in the households of children with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities in the United States: Analysis of the National Survey of Children's Health Data 2016-2018 / Arun KARPUR in Autism, 25-8 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 25-8 (November 2021) . - p.2400-2411 Titre : Food insecurity in the households of children with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities in the United States: Analysis of the National Survey of Children's Health Data 2016-2018 Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Arun KARPUR, Auteur ; Vijay VASUDEVAN, Auteur ; Angela LELLO, Auteur ; Thomas W. FRAZIER, Auteur ; Andy SHIH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2400-2411 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Covid-19  Child  Child Health  Food Insecurity  Humans  Intellectual Disability/epidemiology  Pandemics  SARS-CoV-2  United States/epidemiology  autism spectrum disorders  food insecurity  sociotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Families of children with autism spectrum disorder are more likely to experience financial strain and resulting food insecurity due to additional cost of care, disparate access to needed services, and loss of income resulting from parental job loss. Utilizing nationally representative data, this analysis indicates that the families of children with autism spectrum disorder and co-occurring intellectual disabilities are twice as likely to experience food insecurity than families of children without disabilities after adjusting for various factors. Several factors, ranging from state-level policies such as Medicaid expansion to individual-level factors such as higher utilization of emergency room services, were associated with the higher prevalence of food insecurity in families of children with autism spectrum disorder and co-occurring intellectual disabilities. Implications of these findings on programs and policies supporting families in the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211019159 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=451 [article] Food insecurity in the households of children with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities in the United States: Analysis of the National Survey of Children's Health Data 2016-2018 [texte imprimé] / Arun KARPUR, Auteur ; Vijay VASUDEVAN, Auteur ; Angela LELLO, Auteur ; Thomas W. FRAZIER, Auteur ; Andy SHIH, Auteur . - p.2400-2411. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 25-8 (November 2021) . - p.2400-2411 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Covid-19  Child  Child Health  Food Insecurity  Humans  Intellectual Disability/epidemiology  Pandemics  SARS-CoV-2  United States/epidemiology  autism spectrum disorders  food insecurity  sociotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Families of children with autism spectrum disorder are more likely to experience financial strain and resulting food insecurity due to additional cost of care, disparate access to needed services, and loss of income resulting from parental job loss. Utilizing nationally representative data, this analysis indicates that the families of children with autism spectrum disorder and co-occurring intellectual disabilities are twice as likely to experience food insecurity than families of children without disabilities after adjusting for various factors. Several factors, ranging from state-level policies such as Medicaid expansion to individual-level factors such as higher utilization of emergency room services, were associated with the higher prevalence of food insecurity in families of children with autism spectrum disorder and co-occurring intellectual disabilities. Implications of these findings on programs and policies supporting families in the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211019159 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=451

Health Disparities among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Analysis of the National Survey of Children's Health 2016 / Arun KARPUR in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-4 (April 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-4 (April 2019) . - p.1652-1664 Titre : Health Disparities among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Analysis of the National Survey of Children's Health 2016 Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Arun KARPUR, Auteur ; Angela LELLO, Auteur ; Thomas W. FRAZIER, Auteur ; Pamela J. DIXON, Auteur ; Andy J. SHIH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1652-1664 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Andersen's Behavioral Model  Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)  Health disparities  Unmet health care needs Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Utilizing the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health, this study illustrates that children with ASD have nearly 4 times higher odds of unmet health care needs compared to children without disabilities, whereas children with other disabilities had nearly 2 times higher odds of unmet health care needs compared to children without disabilities. Applying Andersen's Behavioral Model of health care utilization, this study estimates that enabling factors (e.g., access to health insurance, quality of health insurance, access to family-centered care, family-level stress, exposure to adverse childhood experiences, and parental employment) improved prediction of regression model for unmet health care needs by 150%. Policy and program implications are discussed and a new framework for responding to observed disparities is discussed. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3862-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=388 [article] Health Disparities among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Analysis of the National Survey of Children's Health 2016 [texte imprimé] / Arun KARPUR, Auteur ; Angela LELLO, Auteur ; Thomas W. FRAZIER, Auteur ; Pamela J. DIXON, Auteur ; Andy J. SHIH, Auteur . - p.1652-1664. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-4 (April 2019) . - p.1652-1664 Mots-clés : Andersen's Behavioral Model  Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)  Health disparities  Unmet health care needs Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Utilizing the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health, this study illustrates that children with ASD have nearly 4 times higher odds of unmet health care needs compared to children without disabilities, whereas children with other disabilities had nearly 2 times higher odds of unmet health care needs compared to children without disabilities. Applying Andersen's Behavioral Model of health care utilization, this study estimates that enabling factors (e.g., access to health insurance, quality of health insurance, access to family-centered care, family-level stress, exposure to adverse childhood experiences, and parental employment) improved prediction of regression model for unmet health care needs by 150%. Policy and program implications are discussed and a new framework for responding to observed disparities is discussed. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3862-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=388

Urban and rural differences in needs, service use and satisfaction among caregivers of autistic children in Morocco / Mohamed BOUTJDIR ; Tahar EL-KORCHI ; Hafida TORRES ; Arun KARPUR ; Andy SHIH ; Abdeslem ELIDRISSI in Autism, 28-1 (January 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-1 (January 2024) . - p.107?122 Titre : Urban and rural differences in needs, service use and satisfaction among caregivers of autistic children in Morocco Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mohamed BOUTJDIR, Auteur ; Tahar EL-KORCHI, Auteur ; Hafida TORRES, Auteur ; Arun KARPUR, Auteur ; Andy SHIH, Auteur ; Abdeslem ELIDRISSI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.107?122 Mots-clés : autism  caregivers  low-resource area  Morocco  rural Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Understanding caregivers? needs is crucial for service planning and empowering caregivers around the world. Although research on autism from Arab countries is emerging, many countries are still unrepresented. Moreover, within-country disparities are understudied. This study investigated differences in needs, service use, and satisfaction between urban or rural living caregivers of autistic children in Morocco. The ?Andersen Behavioral Model of Health Services Use? served as a conceptual framework to investigate factors associated with receiving intervention and service satisfaction. Results from a survey among 131 Moroccan caregivers of autistic children revealed similarities and differences in urban and rural living caregivers? challenges and needs. Children from urban communities had 12 times higher odds of receiving intervention despite similar age and verbal ability. Significantly, fewer children from rural communities attended school as compared with urban communities. Limited autonomy skills in children were more challenging to rural caregivers, while limited social-communicational skills were more challenging to urban caregivers. These differences may inform healthcare policy-makers and program developers. Adaptive interventions are important to reflect regional needs, resources, and practices. Addressing enabling factors such as costs, information barriers, or stigma may help reduce both global and within-country disparities in autism care. Lay Abstract It is very important to understand the needs of caregivers to be able to empower caregivers and to develop or improve services around the world. Therefore, research in different regions is needed to understand differences in caregivers needs between countries, but also between areas within countries. This study investigated differences in needs and service use between caregivers of autistic children in Morocco, living in urban and rural areas. A total of 131 Moroccan caregivers of autistic children took part in the study and responded to an interview survey. The results showed both similarities and differences between urban and rural living caregivers? challenges and needs. Autistic children from urban communities were much more likely to receive intervention and attend school than children from rural communities, even though age and verbal skills of the two groups of children were comparable. Caregivers expressed similar needs for improved care and education, but different challenges in caring. Limited autonomy skills in children were more challenging to rural caregivers, while limited social-communicational skills were more challenging to urban caregivers. These differences may inform healthcare policy-makers and program developers. Adaptive interventions are important to respond to regional needs, resources, and practices. In addition, the results showed the importance of addressing challenges as experienced by caregivers such as costs related to care, barriers in access to information, or stigma. Addressing these issues may help reduce both global and within-country differences in autism care. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221150086 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=519 [article] Urban and rural differences in needs, service use and satisfaction among caregivers of autistic children in Morocco [texte imprimé] / Mohamed BOUTJDIR, Auteur ; Tahar EL-KORCHI, Auteur ; Hafida TORRES, Auteur ; Arun KARPUR, Auteur ; Andy SHIH, Auteur ; Abdeslem ELIDRISSI, Auteur . - p.107?122. in Autism > 28-1 (January 2024) . - p.107?122 Mots-clés : autism  caregivers  low-resource area  Morocco  rural Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Understanding caregivers? needs is crucial for service planning and empowering caregivers around the world. Although research on autism from Arab countries is emerging, many countries are still unrepresented. Moreover, within-country disparities are understudied. This study investigated differences in needs, service use, and satisfaction between urban or rural living caregivers of autistic children in Morocco. The ?Andersen Behavioral Model of Health Services Use? served as a conceptual framework to investigate factors associated with receiving intervention and service satisfaction. Results from a survey among 131 Moroccan caregivers of autistic children revealed similarities and differences in urban and rural living caregivers? challenges and needs. Children from urban communities had 12 times higher odds of receiving intervention despite similar age and verbal ability. Significantly, fewer children from rural communities attended school as compared with urban communities. Limited autonomy skills in children were more challenging to rural caregivers, while limited social-communicational skills were more challenging to urban caregivers. These differences may inform healthcare policy-makers and program developers. Adaptive interventions are important to reflect regional needs, resources, and practices. Addressing enabling factors such as costs, information barriers, or stigma may help reduce both global and within-country disparities in autism care. Lay Abstract It is very important to understand the needs of caregivers to be able to empower caregivers and to develop or improve services around the world. Therefore, research in different regions is needed to understand differences in caregivers needs between countries, but also between areas within countries. This study investigated differences in needs and service use between caregivers of autistic children in Morocco, living in urban and rural areas. A total of 131 Moroccan caregivers of autistic children took part in the study and responded to an interview survey. The results showed both similarities and differences between urban and rural living caregivers? challenges and needs. Autistic children from urban communities were much more likely to receive intervention and attend school than children from rural communities, even though age and verbal skills of the two groups of children were comparable. Caregivers expressed similar needs for improved care and education, but different challenges in caring. Limited autonomy skills in children were more challenging to rural caregivers, while limited social-communicational skills were more challenging to urban caregivers. These differences may inform healthcare policy-makers and program developers. Adaptive interventions are important to respond to regional needs, resources, and practices. In addition, the results showed the importance of addressing challenges as experienced by caregivers such as costs related to care, barriers in access to information, or stigma. Addressing these issues may help reduce both global and within-country differences in autism care. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221150086 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=519

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