Dissociations in the neural substrates of language and social functioning in autism spectrum disorder / Jason CRUTCHER in Autism Research, 11-8 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-8 (August 2018) . - p.1175-1186 Titre : Dissociations in the neural substrates of language and social functioning in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jason CRUTCHER, Auteur ; Andrés MARTIN, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1175-1186 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adulthood  autism  cortical thickness  language  social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in social communication (coupled with intact nonsocial language skills) are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the neural correlates of these social communication deficits in adolescents and young adults with ASD are not fully understood. The communication checklist self-report (CC-SR) was administered to adolescents and young adults with ASD (n = 52) and typically developing (TD) controls (n = 64) to assess structural-language, pragmatic-language, and social-engagement. One high-resolution T1-weighted structural image was obtained from each participant. FreeSurfer was used to quantify cortical thickness. A main effect of diagnosis, with the ASD group performing worse than the TD group on all three CC-SR scales, and a diagnosis by scale interaction, driven by low social-engagement self-ratings in the ASD group, were found. There were also group differences in the relationship between scores on two of the three CC-SR scales and cortical thickness in multiple regions (pragmatic-language: left rostral frontal; social-engagement: left medial prefrontal). These interactions were driven by poorer self-ratings of language/social skills associated with decreased cortical thickness in the ASD group, while in the TD group worse self-ratings were associated with thicker cortex. Self-ratings of language/social-communication were lower in the ASD than the TD group. Moreover, language/social-communication self-ratings showed a different relationship with cortical thickness for the ASD and TD groups in the left inferior frontal region for pragmatic language ratings and the left medial prefrontal cortex for social engagement ratings. These findings suggest thinner cortex is associated with more impaired pragmatic language and social communication abilities in ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1175-1186. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The present study examines the associations between brain structure and language/social communication ability in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as compared to neurotypical adolescents and young adults. We utilized thickness of the cerebral cortex as a measure of brain structure, and we found different correlations between language or social communication ability and cortical thickness in distinct regions for the ASD and TD groups. These findings suggest that for regions implicated in language/social communication ability, decreased cortical thickness is associated with more impaired pragmatic language and social communication abilities in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1969 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369 [article] Dissociations in the neural substrates of language and social functioning in autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Jason CRUTCHER, Auteur ; Andrés MARTIN, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur . - p.1175-1186. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-8 (August 2018) . - p.1175-1186 Mots-clés : adulthood  autism  cortical thickness  language  social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in social communication (coupled with intact nonsocial language skills) are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the neural correlates of these social communication deficits in adolescents and young adults with ASD are not fully understood. The communication checklist self-report (CC-SR) was administered to adolescents and young adults with ASD (n = 52) and typically developing (TD) controls (n = 64) to assess structural-language, pragmatic-language, and social-engagement. One high-resolution T1-weighted structural image was obtained from each participant. FreeSurfer was used to quantify cortical thickness. A main effect of diagnosis, with the ASD group performing worse than the TD group on all three CC-SR scales, and a diagnosis by scale interaction, driven by low social-engagement self-ratings in the ASD group, were found. There were also group differences in the relationship between scores on two of the three CC-SR scales and cortical thickness in multiple regions (pragmatic-language: left rostral frontal; social-engagement: left medial prefrontal). These interactions were driven by poorer self-ratings of language/social skills associated with decreased cortical thickness in the ASD group, while in the TD group worse self-ratings were associated with thicker cortex. Self-ratings of language/social-communication were lower in the ASD than the TD group. Moreover, language/social-communication self-ratings showed a different relationship with cortical thickness for the ASD and TD groups in the left inferior frontal region for pragmatic language ratings and the left medial prefrontal cortex for social engagement ratings. These findings suggest thinner cortex is associated with more impaired pragmatic language and social communication abilities in ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1175-1186. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The present study examines the associations between brain structure and language/social communication ability in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as compared to neurotypical adolescents and young adults. We utilized thickness of the cerebral cortex as a measure of brain structure, and we found different correlations between language or social communication ability and cortical thickness in distinct regions for the ASD and TD groups. These findings suggest that for regions implicated in language/social communication ability, decreased cortical thickness is associated with more impaired pragmatic language and social communication abilities in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1969 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369

Online administration of the ADOS for research with adolescents and adults in response to the pandemic / Inge-Marie EIGSTI in Autism Research, 15-10 (October 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-10 (October 2022) . - p.1909-1916 Titre : Online administration of the ADOS for research with adolescents and adults in response to the pandemic Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Inge-Marie EIGSTI, Auteur ; Rebecca P. THOMAS, Auteur ; Mackenzie STABILE, Auteur ; Anusha MOHAN, Auteur ; Mary F.S. DIECKHAUS, Auteur ; Jason CRUTCHER, Auteur ; Elise TAVERNA, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1909-1916 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Covid  autism  diagnosis  online  videoconference Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study evaluates an online ADOS-2 Module 4 administration. Adolescents and adults with (n = 24; 7 females) and without (n = 13; 5 females) a history of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) completed the ADOS-2 Module 4 via videoconference. Parents or caregivers completed the Parent/Caregiver Form of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales and the Achenbach Adult Behavior Checklist. The ADOS-2 was reviewed and scored by five trained clinicians and supervised by a senior clinician with established research reliability. The autistic group's scores differed on ADOS total (Calibrated Severity Score, WPS instrument) and domain scores, KSADS domain scores, and Achenbach T-scores. Inter-rater reliability was "moderate" (κ = 0.732), and percentage item-wise agreement was r = 0.69. The online ADOS-2 showed significant convergence with parent-reported assessments of ASD-relevant symptoms and characteristics, suggesting it was a valid assessment. While any online assessments must be used with caution, results suggest that the approach described here could have sufficient validity and reliability to fill the urgent need to assess and evaluate ASD symptomatology, as one component of a thorough clinical evaluation of ASD-related behaviors. LAY SUMMARY: In this exploratory study, we asked whether it was possible to give the ADOS-2 to adolescents and adults in a completely online way. Results showed that expert clinicians agreed on 69% of ADOS-2 items; also, participants with autism had higher scores on all parts of the ADOS-2. The online ADOS-2 scores had strong and significant relationships with parents' reports of friendship and social skills. While we need more research that tests this method, this way of doing the ADOS-2 online may be useful for clinicians and researchers who have an urgent need to evaluate autism during the pandemic. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2791 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488 [article] Online administration of the ADOS for research with adolescents and adults in response to the pandemic [texte imprimé] / Inge-Marie EIGSTI, Auteur ; Rebecca P. THOMAS, Auteur ; Mackenzie STABILE, Auteur ; Anusha MOHAN, Auteur ; Mary F.S. DIECKHAUS, Auteur ; Jason CRUTCHER, Auteur ; Elise TAVERNA, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur . - p.1909-1916. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-10 (October 2022) . - p.1909-1916 Mots-clés : Covid  autism  diagnosis  online  videoconference Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study evaluates an online ADOS-2 Module 4 administration. Adolescents and adults with (n = 24; 7 females) and without (n = 13; 5 females) a history of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) completed the ADOS-2 Module 4 via videoconference. Parents or caregivers completed the Parent/Caregiver Form of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales and the Achenbach Adult Behavior Checklist. The ADOS-2 was reviewed and scored by five trained clinicians and supervised by a senior clinician with established research reliability. The autistic group's scores differed on ADOS total (Calibrated Severity Score, WPS instrument) and domain scores, KSADS domain scores, and Achenbach T-scores. Inter-rater reliability was "moderate" (κ = 0.732), and percentage item-wise agreement was r = 0.69. The online ADOS-2 showed significant convergence with parent-reported assessments of ASD-relevant symptoms and characteristics, suggesting it was a valid assessment. While any online assessments must be used with caution, results suggest that the approach described here could have sufficient validity and reliability to fill the urgent need to assess and evaluate ASD symptomatology, as one component of a thorough clinical evaluation of ASD-related behaviors. LAY SUMMARY: In this exploratory study, we asked whether it was possible to give the ADOS-2 to adolescents and adults in a completely online way. Results showed that expert clinicians agreed on 69% of ADOS-2 items; also, participants with autism had higher scores on all parts of the ADOS-2. The online ADOS-2 scores had strong and significant relationships with parents' reports of friendship and social skills. While we need more research that tests this method, this way of doing the ADOS-2 online may be useful for clinicians and researchers who have an urgent need to evaluate autism during the pandemic. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2791 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488

Pragmatic language and associations with externalizing behaviors in autistic individuals and those who have lost the autism diagnosis / Jason CRUTCHER in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 108 (October 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 108 (October 2023) . - p.102252 Titre : Pragmatic language and associations with externalizing behaviors in autistic individuals and those who have lost the autism diagnosis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jason CRUTCHER, Auteur ; Emily A. BUTLER, Auteur ; Jeffrey D. BURKE, Auteur ; Letitia R. NAIGLES, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur ; Inge-Marie EIGSTI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.102252 Mots-clés : Autism  Pragmatic language  ADHD  Oppositional defiant disorder  Conduct disorder  Social communication  Loss of ASD Diagnosis (LAD) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Pragmatic language weaknesses, a core feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), are implicated in externalizing behavior disorders (Gremillion & Martel, 2014). Particularly in a clinical setting, these co-occurring externalizing disorders are very common in autism; rates of Attentional Deficit-Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) are as high as 83% (ADHD) and 73% (ODD; Joshi et al., 2010). It is possible that pragmatic language weaknesses impact the ability to effectively communicate one?s needs, which may lead autistic children to utilize externalizing behaviors in order to achieve a desired outcome (Ketelaars et al., 2010; Rodas et al., 2017). Methods The aim of the current study is to investigate the relationship between pragmatic language, assessed via multiple modalities, and externalizing behaviors, assessed by parent interview, in youth with autistic (n = 33) or neurotypical (NT; n = 34) developmental histories, along with youth diagnosed with autism, who lost the diagnosis (LAD) by adolescence (n = 31). Results The autism group had significantly more pragmatic language difficulties, and more externalizing behaviors and disorders; ADHD symptoms were particularly more prevalent, while LAD and NT groups did not differ. Challenges in pragmatic language abilities were associated with more externalizing symptoms when controlling for other facts that typically influence such symptoms, including nonverbal cognition, structural language, executive functioning, and autistic characteristics, but did not remain when age was included in the model. Conclusions We discuss the mechanisms underlying difficult-to-manage externalizing behaviors and implications for interventions and long-term outcomes for youth with and without a history of autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2023.102252 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=514 [article] Pragmatic language and associations with externalizing behaviors in autistic individuals and those who have lost the autism diagnosis [texte imprimé] / Jason CRUTCHER, Auteur ; Emily A. BUTLER, Auteur ; Jeffrey D. BURKE, Auteur ; Letitia R. NAIGLES, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur ; Inge-Marie EIGSTI, Auteur . - p.102252. in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 108 (October 2023) . - p.102252 Mots-clés : Autism  Pragmatic language  ADHD  Oppositional defiant disorder  Conduct disorder  Social communication  Loss of ASD Diagnosis (LAD) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Pragmatic language weaknesses, a core feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), are implicated in externalizing behavior disorders (Gremillion & Martel, 2014). Particularly in a clinical setting, these co-occurring externalizing disorders are very common in autism; rates of Attentional Deficit-Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) are as high as 83% (ADHD) and 73% (ODD; Joshi et al., 2010). It is possible that pragmatic language weaknesses impact the ability to effectively communicate one?s needs, which may lead autistic children to utilize externalizing behaviors in order to achieve a desired outcome (Ketelaars et al., 2010; Rodas et al., 2017). Methods The aim of the current study is to investigate the relationship between pragmatic language, assessed via multiple modalities, and externalizing behaviors, assessed by parent interview, in youth with autistic (n = 33) or neurotypical (NT; n = 34) developmental histories, along with youth diagnosed with autism, who lost the diagnosis (LAD) by adolescence (n = 31). Results The autism group had significantly more pragmatic language difficulties, and more externalizing behaviors and disorders; ADHD symptoms were particularly more prevalent, while LAD and NT groups did not differ. Challenges in pragmatic language abilities were associated with more externalizing symptoms when controlling for other facts that typically influence such symptoms, including nonverbal cognition, structural language, executive functioning, and autistic characteristics, but did not remain when age was included in the model. Conclusions We discuss the mechanisms underlying difficult-to-manage externalizing behaviors and implications for interventions and long-term outcomes for youth with and without a history of autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2023.102252 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=514

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