Autistic traits, emotion regulation, and sensory sensitivities in children and adults with Misophonia / L.J. RINALDI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53-3 (March 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-3 (March 2023) . - p.1162-1174 Titre : Autistic traits, emotion regulation, and sensory sensitivities in children and adults with Misophonia Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : L.J. RINALDI, Auteur ; Julia SIMNER, Auteur ; S. KOURSAROU, Auteur ; Jamie WARD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1162-1174 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Misophonia is an unusually strong aversion to everyday sounds such as chewing, crunching, or breathing. Previous studies have suggested that rates of autism might be elevated in misophonia, and here we examine this claim in detail. We present a comprehensive review of the relevant literature, and two empirical studies examining children and adults with misophonia. We tested 142 children and 379 adults for traits associated with autism (i.e., attention-to-detail, attention-switching, social processing, communication, imagination, emotion regulation, and sensory sensitivity across multiple domains). Our data show that autistic traits are indeed elevated in misophonics compared to controls. We discuss our findings in relation to models of the interface between autism, sensory sensitivities, and the specific features of misophonia. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05623-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=500 [article] Autistic traits, emotion regulation, and sensory sensitivities in children and adults with Misophonia [texte imprimé] / L.J. RINALDI, Auteur ; Julia SIMNER, Auteur ; S. KOURSAROU, Auteur ; Jamie WARD, Auteur . - p.1162-1174. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-3 (March 2023) . - p.1162-1174 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Misophonia is an unusually strong aversion to everyday sounds such as chewing, crunching, or breathing. Previous studies have suggested that rates of autism might be elevated in misophonia, and here we examine this claim in detail. We present a comprehensive review of the relevant literature, and two empirical studies examining children and adults with misophonia. We tested 142 children and 379 adults for traits associated with autism (i.e., attention-to-detail, attention-switching, social processing, communication, imagination, emotion regulation, and sensory sensitivity across multiple domains). Our data show that autistic traits are indeed elevated in misophonics compared to controls. We discuss our findings in relation to models of the interface between autism, sensory sensitivities, and the specific features of misophonia. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05623-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=500

Effects of being watched on eye gaze and facial displays of typical and autistic individuals during conversation / Roser CAÑIGUERAL in Autism, 25-1 (January 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 25-1 (January 2021) . - p.210-226 Titre : Effects of being watched on eye gaze and facial displays of typical and autistic individuals during conversation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Roser CAÑIGUERAL, Auteur ; Jamie A. WARD, Auteur ; Antonia HAMILTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.210-226 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  being watched  dual function of gaze  eye gaze  facial displays Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : When we are communicating with other people, we exchange a variety of social signals through eye gaze and facial expressions. However, coordinated exchanges of these social signals can only happen when people involved in the interaction are able to see each other. Although previous studies report that autistic individuals have difficulties in using eye gaze and facial expressions during social interactions, evidence from tasks that involve real face-to-face conversations is scarce and mixed. Here, we investigate how eye gaze and facial expressions of typical and high-functioning autistic individuals are modulated by the belief in being seen by another person, and by being in a face-to-face interaction. Participants were recorded with an eye-tracking and video-camera system while they completed a structured Q&A task with a confederate under three social contexts: pre-recorded video (no belief in being seen, no face-to-face), video-call (belief in being seen, no face-to-face) and face-to-face (belief in being seen and face-to-face). Typical participants gazed less to the confederate and made more facial expressions when they were being watched and when they were speaking. Contrary to our hypotheses, eye gaze and facial expression patterns in autistic participants were overall similar to the typical group. This suggests that high-functioning autistic participants are able to use eye gaze and facial expressions as social signals. Future studies will need to investigate to what extent this reflects spontaneous behaviour or the use of compensation strategies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320951691 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437 [article] Effects of being watched on eye gaze and facial displays of typical and autistic individuals during conversation [texte imprimé] / Roser CAÑIGUERAL, Auteur ; Jamie A. WARD, Auteur ; Antonia HAMILTON, Auteur . - p.210-226. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 25-1 (January 2021) . - p.210-226 Mots-clés : autism  being watched  dual function of gaze  eye gaze  facial displays Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : When we are communicating with other people, we exchange a variety of social signals through eye gaze and facial expressions. However, coordinated exchanges of these social signals can only happen when people involved in the interaction are able to see each other. Although previous studies report that autistic individuals have difficulties in using eye gaze and facial expressions during social interactions, evidence from tasks that involve real face-to-face conversations is scarce and mixed. Here, we investigate how eye gaze and facial expressions of typical and high-functioning autistic individuals are modulated by the belief in being seen by another person, and by being in a face-to-face interaction. Participants were recorded with an eye-tracking and video-camera system while they completed a structured Q&A task with a confederate under three social contexts: pre-recorded video (no belief in being seen, no face-to-face), video-call (belief in being seen, no face-to-face) and face-to-face (belief in being seen and face-to-face). Typical participants gazed less to the confederate and made more facial expressions when they were being watched and when they were speaking. Contrary to our hypotheses, eye gaze and facial expression patterns in autistic participants were overall similar to the typical group. This suggests that high-functioning autistic participants are able to use eye gaze and facial expressions as social signals. Future studies will need to investigate to what extent this reflects spontaneous behaviour or the use of compensation strategies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320951691 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437

Higher Sensory Sensitivity is Linked to Greater Expansion Amongst Functional Connectivity Gradients / Chris RACEY ; Zhiting REN ; Jiang QIU ; Hao-Ting WANG ; Jamie WARD in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-1 (January 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-1 (January 2024) . - p.56-74 Titre : Higher Sensory Sensitivity is Linked to Greater Expansion Amongst Functional Connectivity Gradients Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Chris RACEY, Auteur ; Zhiting REN, Auteur ; Jiang QIU, Auteur ; Hao-Ting WANG, Auteur ; Jamie WARD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.56-74 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Insofar as the autistic-like phenotype presents in the general population, it consists of partially dissociable traits, such as social and sensory issues. Here, we investigate individual differences in cortical organisation related to autistic-like traits. Connectome gradient decomposition based on resting state fMRI data reliably reveals a principal gradient spanning from unimodal to transmodal regions, reflecting the transition from perception to abstract cognition. In our non-clinical sample, this gradient's expansion, indicating less integration between visual and default mode networks, correlates with subjective sensory sensitivity (measured using the Glasgow Sensory Questionnaire, GSQ), but not other autistic-like traits (measured using the Autism Spectrum Quotient, AQ). This novel brain-based correlate of the GSQ demonstrates sensory issues can be disentangled from the wider autistic-like phenotype. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05772-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=520 [article] Higher Sensory Sensitivity is Linked to Greater Expansion Amongst Functional Connectivity Gradients [texte imprimé] / Chris RACEY, Auteur ; Zhiting REN, Auteur ; Jiang QIU, Auteur ; Hao-Ting WANG, Auteur ; Jamie WARD, Auteur . - p.56-74. in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-1 (January 2024) . - p.56-74 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Insofar as the autistic-like phenotype presents in the general population, it consists of partially dissociable traits, such as social and sensory issues. Here, we investigate individual differences in cortical organisation related to autistic-like traits. Connectome gradient decomposition based on resting state fMRI data reliably reveals a principal gradient spanning from unimodal to transmodal regions, reflecting the transition from perception to abstract cognition. In our non-clinical sample, this gradient's expansion, indicating less integration between visual and default mode networks, correlates with subjective sensory sensitivity (measured using the Glasgow Sensory Questionnaire, GSQ), but not other autistic-like traits (measured using the Autism Spectrum Quotient, AQ). This novel brain-based correlate of the GSQ demonstrates sensory issues can be disentangled from the wider autistic-like phenotype. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05772-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=520

Savant syndrome has a distinct psychological profile in autism / James E. A. HUGHES in Molecular Autism, 9 (2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 53p. Titre : Savant syndrome has a distinct psychological profile in autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : James E. A. HUGHES, Auteur ; Jamie WARD, Auteur ; Elin GRUFFYDD, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Paula SMITH, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Julia SIMNER, Auteur Article en page(s) : 53p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum conditions  Cognition  Perception  Savant syndrome  Sensory processing  Skill learning  Talent  Ethics Committee at the University of Sussex. Informed consent was gained from  all individual participants.Not applicable.The authors declare that they have no  competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional  claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Savant syndrome is a condition where prodigious talent can co-occur with developmental conditions such as autism spectrum conditions (autism). It is not yet clear why some autistic people develop savant skills while others do not. Methods: We tested three groups of adults: autistic individuals who have savant skills, autistic individuals without savant skills, and typical controls without autism or savant syndrome. In experiment 1, we investigated the cognitive and behavioural profiles of these three groups by asking participants to complete a battery of self-report measures of sensory sensitivity, obsessional behaviours, cognitive styles, and broader autism-related traits including social communication and systemising. In experiment 2, we investigated how our three groups learned a novel savant skill-calendar calculation. Results: Heightened sensory sensitivity, obsessional behaviours, technical/spatial abilities, and systemising were all key aspects in defining the savant profile distinct from autism alone, along with a different approach to task learning. Conclusions: These results reveal a unique cognitive and behavioural profile in autistic adults with savant syndrome that is distinct from autistic adults without a savant skill. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0237-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371 [article] Savant syndrome has a distinct psychological profile in autism [texte imprimé] / James E. A. HUGHES, Auteur ; Jamie WARD, Auteur ; Elin GRUFFYDD, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Paula SMITH, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Julia SIMNER, Auteur . - 53p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 53p. Mots-clés : Autism spectrum conditions  Cognition  Perception  Savant syndrome  Sensory processing  Skill learning  Talent  Ethics Committee at the University of Sussex. Informed consent was gained from  all individual participants.Not applicable.The authors declare that they have no  competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional  claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Savant syndrome is a condition where prodigious talent can co-occur with developmental conditions such as autism spectrum conditions (autism). It is not yet clear why some autistic people develop savant skills while others do not. Methods: We tested three groups of adults: autistic individuals who have savant skills, autistic individuals without savant skills, and typical controls without autism or savant syndrome. In experiment 1, we investigated the cognitive and behavioural profiles of these three groups by asking participants to complete a battery of self-report measures of sensory sensitivity, obsessional behaviours, cognitive styles, and broader autism-related traits including social communication and systemising. In experiment 2, we investigated how our three groups learned a novel savant skill-calendar calculation. Results: Heightened sensory sensitivity, obsessional behaviours, technical/spatial abilities, and systemising were all key aspects in defining the savant profile distinct from autism alone, along with a different approach to task learning. Conclusions: These results reveal a unique cognitive and behavioural profile in autistic adults with savant syndrome that is distinct from autistic adults without a savant skill. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0237-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371

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