The influence of interpersonal synchrony and autism on impressions of dyadic interactions: a preregistered study / Irene S. PLANK in Molecular Autism, 16 (2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 16 (2025) . - 34 Titre : The influence of interpersonal synchrony and autism on impressions of dyadic interactions: a preregistered study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Irene S. PLANK, Auteur ; Ralf TEPEST, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur ; Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur ; Irene S. Secondary PLANK, Auteur ; Ralf TEPEST, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur ; Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur Article en page(s) : 34 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Male  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Female  Adult  Interpersonal Relations  Young Adult  Eye Movements  Social Interaction  Middle Aged  Fixation, Ocular  Autism spectrum disorder  Behavioural coordination  Dyadic interactions  Impression formation  Interpersonal synchrony  Observed interactions  by the Ethics committee of the LMU Munich (Reference number: 23–0268) and  conducted in concordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were  informed of the study procedure, study aim, associated risks and benefits as well  as data processing and data protection, before they signed a written consent  form. Consent for publication: We received consent for publication from the two  interaction partners depicted in Fig. 2. Competing interests: The authors declare  no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Humans form almost instantaneous impressions of everyone they encounter. These impressions set the first tone for how they approach and interact with others. Research on impression formation unveiled that impressions formed by autistic and non-autistic people are often less favourable when rating an autistic person. This effect is partly explainable by differences in motion dynamics. METHODS: In this preregistered study, we systematically assessed impressions formed by 27 autistic and 36 non-autistic comparison observers when watching videos showing silent interactions between either two non-autistic or between an autistic and a non-autistic person. We used an eye tracker to capture their gaze patterns while observing these interactions. Of each dyadic interaction, video vignettes with high and vignettes with low interpersonal synchrony of movement (IPS(mov)) were extracted using Motion Energy Analysis so that we could investigate the effects of interpersonal synchrony and diagnosis, respectively. RESULTS: Interactions were rated less favourably when the observed dyad included an autistic adult. Additionally, interactions showing low IPS(mov) were rated less favourably than interactions showing high IPS(mov), regardless of dyad type. Both autistic and comparison observers rated interactions of non-autistic dyads and high IPS(mov) interactions more favourably. Gaze patterns revealed differences between autistic and comparison observers, but no differences due to IPS(mov) or dyad type. Furthermore, dwell times to hands predicted ratings. LIMITATIONS: In this study, we investigated specific influences on impression formation, specifically interpersonal synchrony of movement and autism. There are many more potentially interesting aspects of individuals that impact impression formation, such as facial expressiveness, gaze behaviour and linguistic content of conversations, which should be investigated systematically and in a controlled fashion in future research. CONCLUSIONS: Extending research on autism and impression formation to dyadic interactions, this study reveals that motion dynamics play a role in how pleasant interactions are perceived. Autistic-involved interactions were rated lower, despite observers being unaware of the dyad type and only watching people's outlines. Future research should identify conversational aspects driving lower ratings of mixed dyads, potentially considering the effect of hand dwell times on ratings. Autistic and comparison observers showed different gaze patterns despite similar ratings, confirming distinct social information processing. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-025-00668-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=569 [article] The influence of interpersonal synchrony and autism on impressions of dyadic interactions: a preregistered study [texte imprimé] / Irene S. PLANK, Auteur ; Ralf TEPEST, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur ; Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur ; Irene S. Secondary PLANK, Auteur ; Ralf TEPEST, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur ; Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur . - 34. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 16 (2025) . - 34 Mots-clés : Humans  Male  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Female  Adult  Interpersonal Relations  Young Adult  Eye Movements  Social Interaction  Middle Aged  Fixation, Ocular  Autism spectrum disorder  Behavioural coordination  Dyadic interactions  Impression formation  Interpersonal synchrony  Observed interactions  by the Ethics committee of the LMU Munich (Reference number: 23–0268) and  conducted in concordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were  informed of the study procedure, study aim, associated risks and benefits as well  as data processing and data protection, before they signed a written consent  form. Consent for publication: We received consent for publication from the two  interaction partners depicted in Fig. 2. Competing interests: The authors declare  no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Humans form almost instantaneous impressions of everyone they encounter. These impressions set the first tone for how they approach and interact with others. Research on impression formation unveiled that impressions formed by autistic and non-autistic people are often less favourable when rating an autistic person. This effect is partly explainable by differences in motion dynamics. METHODS: In this preregistered study, we systematically assessed impressions formed by 27 autistic and 36 non-autistic comparison observers when watching videos showing silent interactions between either two non-autistic or between an autistic and a non-autistic person. We used an eye tracker to capture their gaze patterns while observing these interactions. Of each dyadic interaction, video vignettes with high and vignettes with low interpersonal synchrony of movement (IPS(mov)) were extracted using Motion Energy Analysis so that we could investigate the effects of interpersonal synchrony and diagnosis, respectively. RESULTS: Interactions were rated less favourably when the observed dyad included an autistic adult. Additionally, interactions showing low IPS(mov) were rated less favourably than interactions showing high IPS(mov), regardless of dyad type. Both autistic and comparison observers rated interactions of non-autistic dyads and high IPS(mov) interactions more favourably. Gaze patterns revealed differences between autistic and comparison observers, but no differences due to IPS(mov) or dyad type. Furthermore, dwell times to hands predicted ratings. LIMITATIONS: In this study, we investigated specific influences on impression formation, specifically interpersonal synchrony of movement and autism. There are many more potentially interesting aspects of individuals that impact impression formation, such as facial expressiveness, gaze behaviour and linguistic content of conversations, which should be investigated systematically and in a controlled fashion in future research. CONCLUSIONS: Extending research on autism and impression formation to dyadic interactions, this study reveals that motion dynamics play a role in how pleasant interactions are perceived. Autistic-involved interactions were rated lower, despite observers being unaware of the dyad type and only watching people's outlines. Future research should identify conversational aspects driving lower ratings of mixed dyads, potentially considering the effect of hand dwell times on ratings. Autistic and comparison observers showed different gaze patterns despite similar ratings, confirming distinct social information processing. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-025-00668-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=569

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