Distinct patterns of grey matter abnormality in high-functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome / Gráinne M. MCALONAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-12 (December 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-12 (December 2008) . - p.1287-1295 Titre : Distinct patterns of grey matter abnormality in high-functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; John SUCKLING, Auteur ; Naikei WONG, Auteur ; Vinci CHEUNG, Auteur ; Nina LIENENKAEMPER, Auteur ; Charlton CHEUNG, Auteur ; Siew E. CHUA, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.1287-1295 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asperger's-disorder autistic-disorder brain-imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Autism exists across a wide spectrum and there is considerable debate as to whether children with Asperger's syndrome, who have normal language milestones, should be considered to comprise a subgroup distinct other from high-functioning children with autism (HFA), who have a history of delayed language development. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of autism are in disagreement. One possible reason is that the diagnosis of autism takes precedence over Asperger's syndrome and a distinction in language acquisition is rarely made. We therefore planned to examine a whole brain hypothesis that the patterns of grey matter differences in Asperger's syndrome and HFA can be distinguished. Methods: We used voxel-based computational morphometry to map grey matter volume differences in 33 children with either Asperger's syndrome or high-functioning autism compared to 55 typical developing control children balanced for age, IQ, gender, maternal language and ethnicity. Results: Children with HFA had significantly smaller grey matter volumes in subcortical, posterior cingulate and precuneus regions than the Asperger's group. Compared to controls, children with HFA had smaller grey matter volumes in predominantly fronto-pallidal regions, while children with Asperger's had less grey matter in mainly bilateral caudate and left thalamus. In addition we found a significant negative correlation between the size of a grey matter cluster around BA44 language area and the age of acquisition of phrase speech in the children with HFA. When the groups were combined we confirmed a mixed picture of smaller grey matter volumes in frontal, basal ganglia, temporal and parietal regions. Conclusions: Our study suggests that the underlying neurobiology in HFA and Asperger's syndrome is at least partly discrete. Future studies should therefore consider the history of language acquisition as a valuable tool to refine investigation of aetiological factors and management options in pervasive developmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01933.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=644 [article] Distinct patterns of grey matter abnormality in high-functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; John SUCKLING, Auteur ; Naikei WONG, Auteur ; Vinci CHEUNG, Auteur ; Nina LIENENKAEMPER, Auteur ; Charlton CHEUNG, Auteur ; Siew E. CHUA, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.1287-1295. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-12 (December 2008) . - p.1287-1295 Mots-clés : Asperger's-disorder autistic-disorder brain-imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Autism exists across a wide spectrum and there is considerable debate as to whether children with Asperger's syndrome, who have normal language milestones, should be considered to comprise a subgroup distinct other from high-functioning children with autism (HFA), who have a history of delayed language development. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of autism are in disagreement. One possible reason is that the diagnosis of autism takes precedence over Asperger's syndrome and a distinction in language acquisition is rarely made. We therefore planned to examine a whole brain hypothesis that the patterns of grey matter differences in Asperger's syndrome and HFA can be distinguished. Methods: We used voxel-based computational morphometry to map grey matter volume differences in 33 children with either Asperger's syndrome or high-functioning autism compared to 55 typical developing control children balanced for age, IQ, gender, maternal language and ethnicity. Results: Children with HFA had significantly smaller grey matter volumes in subcortical, posterior cingulate and precuneus regions than the Asperger's group. Compared to controls, children with HFA had smaller grey matter volumes in predominantly fronto-pallidal regions, while children with Asperger's had less grey matter in mainly bilateral caudate and left thalamus. In addition we found a significant negative correlation between the size of a grey matter cluster around BA44 language area and the age of acquisition of phrase speech in the children with HFA. When the groups were combined we confirmed a mixed picture of smaller grey matter volumes in frontal, basal ganglia, temporal and parietal regions. Conclusions: Our study suggests that the underlying neurobiology in HFA and Asperger's syndrome is at least partly discrete. Future studies should therefore consider the history of language acquisition as a valuable tool to refine investigation of aetiological factors and management options in pervasive developmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01933.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=644

Failure to deactivate the default mode network indicates a possible endophenotype of autism / Michael D. SPENCER in Molecular Autism, (December 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > (December 2012) . - 9 p. Titre : Failure to deactivate the default mode network indicates a possible endophenotype of autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michael D. SPENCER, Auteur ; Lindsay CHURA, Auteur ; Rosemary HOLT, Auteur ; John SUCKLING, Auteur ; Andrew J. CALDER, Auteur ; Edward T. BULLMORE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : 9 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Default mode network  Functional MRI  Endophenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND:Reduced activity during cognitively demanding tasks has been reported in the default mode network in typically developing controls and individuals with autism. However, no study has investigated the default mode network (DMN) in first-degree relatives of those with autism (such as siblings) and it is not known whether atypical activation of the DMN is specific to autism or whether it is also present in unaffected relatives. Here we use functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the pattern of task-related deactivation during completion of a visual search task, the Embedded Figures Task, in teenagers with autism, their unaffected siblings and typically developing controls.FINDINGS:We identified striking reductions in deactivation during the Embedded Figures Task in unaffected siblings compared to controls in brain regions corresponding to the default mode network. Adolescents with autism and their unaffected siblings similarly failed to deactivate regions, including posterior cingulate and bilateral inferior parietal cortex.CONCLUSIONS:This suggests that a failure to deactivate these regions is a functional endophenotype of autism, related to familial risk for the condition shared between individuals with autism and their siblings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-3-15 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=202 [article] Failure to deactivate the default mode network indicates a possible endophenotype of autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michael D. SPENCER, Auteur ; Lindsay CHURA, Auteur ; Rosemary HOLT, Auteur ; John SUCKLING, Auteur ; Andrew J. CALDER, Auteur ; Edward T. BULLMORE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - 2012 . - 9 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > (December 2012) . - 9 p. Mots-clés : Autism  Default mode network  Functional MRI  Endophenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND:Reduced activity during cognitively demanding tasks has been reported in the default mode network in typically developing controls and individuals with autism. However, no study has investigated the default mode network (DMN) in first-degree relatives of those with autism (such as siblings) and it is not known whether atypical activation of the DMN is specific to autism or whether it is also present in unaffected relatives. Here we use functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the pattern of task-related deactivation during completion of a visual search task, the Embedded Figures Task, in teenagers with autism, their unaffected siblings and typically developing controls.FINDINGS:We identified striking reductions in deactivation during the Embedded Figures Task in unaffected siblings compared to controls in brain regions corresponding to the default mode network. Adolescents with autism and their unaffected siblings similarly failed to deactivate regions, including posterior cingulate and bilateral inferior parietal cortex.CONCLUSIONS:This suggests that a failure to deactivate these regions is a functional endophenotype of autism, related to familial risk for the condition shared between individuals with autism and their siblings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-3-15 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=202

Psychological Correlates of Handedness and Corpus Callosum Asymmetry in Autism: The left Hemisphere Dysfunction Theory Revisited / Dorothea L. FLORIS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-8 (August 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-8 (August 2013) . - p.1758-1772 Titre : Psychological Correlates of Handedness and Corpus Callosum Asymmetry in Autism: The left Hemisphere Dysfunction Theory Revisited Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Dorothea L. FLORIS, Auteur ; Lindsay R. CHURA, Auteur ; Rosemary J. HOLT, Auteur ; John SUCKLING, Auteur ; Edward T. BULLMORE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Michael D. SPENCER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1758-1772 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Corpus callosum  Handedness  Asymmetry  Lateralization  Broader autism phenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Rightward cerebral lateralization has been suggested to be involved in the neuropathology of autism spectrum conditions. We investigated functional and neuroanatomical asymmetry, in terms of handedness and corpus callosum measurements in male adolescents with autism, their unaffected siblings and controls, and their associations with executive dysfunction and symptom severity. Adolescents with autism did not differ from controls in functional asymmetry, but neuroanatomically showed the expected pattern of stronger rightward lateralization in the posterior and anterior midbody based on their hand-preference. Measures of symptom severity were related to rightward asymmetry in three subregions (splenium, posterior midbody and rostral body). We found the opposite pattern for the isthmus and rostrum with better cognitive and less severe clinical scores associated with rightward lateralization. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1720-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=205 [article] Psychological Correlates of Handedness and Corpus Callosum Asymmetry in Autism: The left Hemisphere Dysfunction Theory Revisited [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Dorothea L. FLORIS, Auteur ; Lindsay R. CHURA, Auteur ; Rosemary J. HOLT, Auteur ; John SUCKLING, Auteur ; Edward T. BULLMORE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Michael D. SPENCER, Auteur . - p.1758-1772. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-8 (August 2013) . - p.1758-1772 Mots-clés : Autism  Corpus callosum  Handedness  Asymmetry  Lateralization  Broader autism phenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Rightward cerebral lateralization has been suggested to be involved in the neuropathology of autism spectrum conditions. We investigated functional and neuroanatomical asymmetry, in terms of handedness and corpus callosum measurements in male adolescents with autism, their unaffected siblings and controls, and their associations with executive dysfunction and symptom severity. Adolescents with autism did not differ from controls in functional asymmetry, but neuroanatomically showed the expected pattern of stronger rightward lateralization in the posterior and anterior midbody based on their hand-preference. Measures of symptom severity were related to rightward asymmetry in three subregions (splenium, posterior midbody and rostral body). We found the opposite pattern for the isthmus and rostrum with better cognitive and less severe clinical scores associated with rightward lateralization. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1720-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=205

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