Differences in neural response to extinction recall in young adults with or without history of behavioral inhibition / Tomer SHECHNER in Development and Psychopathology, 30-1 (February 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 30-1 (February 2018) . - p.179-189 Titre : Differences in neural response to extinction recall in young adults with or without history of behavioral inhibition Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tomer SHECHNER, Auteur ; Nathan A. FOX, Auteur ; Jamie A. MASH, Auteur ; Johanna M. JARCHO, Auteur ; Gang CHEN, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Jennifer C. BRITTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.179-189 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Behavioral inhibition (BI) is a temperament identified in early childhood that is associated with risk for anxiety disorders, yet only about half of behaviorally inhibited children manifest anxiety later in life. We compared brain function and behavior during extinction recall in a sample of nonanxious young adults characterized in childhood with BI (n = 22) or with no BI (n = 28). Three weeks after undergoing fear conditioning and extinction, participants completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging extinction recall task assessing memory and threat differentiation for conditioned stimuli. While self-report and psychophysiological measures of differential conditioning and extinction were similar across groups, BI-related differences in brain function emerged during extinction recall. Childhood BI was associated with greater activation in subgenual anterior cingulate cortex in response to cues signaling safety. This pattern of results may reflect neural correlates that promote resilience against anxiety in a temperamentally at-risk population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417000554 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336 [article] Differences in neural response to extinction recall in young adults with or without history of behavioral inhibition [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tomer SHECHNER, Auteur ; Nathan A. FOX, Auteur ; Jamie A. MASH, Auteur ; Johanna M. JARCHO, Auteur ; Gang CHEN, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Jennifer C. BRITTON, Auteur . - p.179-189. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 30-1 (February 2018) . - p.179-189 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Behavioral inhibition (BI) is a temperament identified in early childhood that is associated with risk for anxiety disorders, yet only about half of behaviorally inhibited children manifest anxiety later in life. We compared brain function and behavior during extinction recall in a sample of nonanxious young adults characterized in childhood with BI (n = 22) or with no BI (n = 28). Three weeks after undergoing fear conditioning and extinction, participants completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging extinction recall task assessing memory and threat differentiation for conditioned stimuli. While self-report and psychophysiological measures of differential conditioning and extinction were similar across groups, BI-related differences in brain function emerged during extinction recall. Childhood BI was associated with greater activation in subgenual anterior cingulate cortex in response to cues signaling safety. This pattern of results may reflect neural correlates that promote resilience against anxiety in a temperamentally at-risk population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417000554 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336

Psychiatric consequences for Israeli adolescents of protracted political violence: 1998–2004 / Michelle SLONE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-3 (March 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-3 (March 2009) . - p.280-289 Titre : Psychiatric consequences for Israeli adolescents of protracted political violence: 1998–2004 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michelle SLONE, Auteur ; Tomer SHECHNER, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.280-289 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Political-violence conflict psychiatric-symptoms adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study examined relations between Israeli adolescents' political violence exposure and psychiatric consequences over seven years around the second Intifada and possible differential effects according to age and gender. Methods: Cross-sectional data was collected from 3667 adolescents aged 10–18, constituting two age groups of early and late adolescents sampled in three different exposure periods: pre-Intifada, Intifada peak, and Intifada recession. Results: The first hypothesis predicting a main effect of severity of political violence exposure on psychiatric indices was confirmed for all Brief Symptom Index scales. The second hypothesis predicting a main effect of exposure period was confirmed with higher psychopathological indices at the Intifada peak than at the pre-Intifada and receding Intifada periods. The exploratory question of possible moderating effects in the relation between Political Life Events exposure and exposure period to psychiatric indices showed that higher levels of exposure to political violence were associated with higher rates of symptomatology for both younger and older adolescents. For both genders, a general direct relation emerged between level of severity of political violence exposure and severity of psychiatric outcome, but differently according to Intifada exposure period. Conclusions: Findings document the psychiatric toll paid by adolescents who grow up in protracted conflict and political violence, emphasizing the delicate interaction between individual and conflict factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01940.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=719 [article] Psychiatric consequences for Israeli adolescents of protracted political violence: 1998–2004 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michelle SLONE, Auteur ; Tomer SHECHNER, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.280-289. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-3 (March 2009) . - p.280-289 Mots-clés : Political-violence conflict psychiatric-symptoms adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study examined relations between Israeli adolescents' political violence exposure and psychiatric consequences over seven years around the second Intifada and possible differential effects according to age and gender. Methods: Cross-sectional data was collected from 3667 adolescents aged 10–18, constituting two age groups of early and late adolescents sampled in three different exposure periods: pre-Intifada, Intifada peak, and Intifada recession. Results: The first hypothesis predicting a main effect of severity of political violence exposure on psychiatric indices was confirmed for all Brief Symptom Index scales. The second hypothesis predicting a main effect of exposure period was confirmed with higher psychopathological indices at the Intifada peak than at the pre-Intifada and receding Intifada periods. The exploratory question of possible moderating effects in the relation between Political Life Events exposure and exposure period to psychiatric indices showed that higher levels of exposure to political violence were associated with higher rates of symptomatology for both younger and older adolescents. For both genders, a general direct relation emerged between level of severity of political violence exposure and severity of psychiatric outcome, but differently according to Intifada exposure period. Conclusions: Findings document the psychiatric toll paid by adolescents who grow up in protracted conflict and political violence, emphasizing the delicate interaction between individual and conflict factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01940.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=719

---

1 (1 - 2 / 2)