Differences in neural response to extinction recall in young adults with or without history of behavioral inhibition / Tomer SHECHNER in Development and Psychopathology, 30-1 (February 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 30-1 (February 2018) . - p.179-189 Titre : Differences in neural response to extinction recall in young adults with or without history of behavioral inhibition Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tomer SHECHNER, Auteur ; Nathan A. FOX, Auteur ; Jamie A. MASH, Auteur ; Johanna M. JARCHO, Auteur ; Gang CHEN, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Jennifer C. BRITTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.179-189 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Behavioral inhibition (BI) is a temperament identified in early childhood that is associated with risk for anxiety disorders, yet only about half of behaviorally inhibited children manifest anxiety later in life. We compared brain function and behavior during extinction recall in a sample of nonanxious young adults characterized in childhood with BI (n = 22) or with no BI (n = 28). Three weeks after undergoing fear conditioning and extinction, participants completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging extinction recall task assessing memory and threat differentiation for conditioned stimuli. While self-report and psychophysiological measures of differential conditioning and extinction were similar across groups, BI-related differences in brain function emerged during extinction recall. Childhood BI was associated with greater activation in subgenual anterior cingulate cortex in response to cues signaling safety. This pattern of results may reflect neural correlates that promote resilience against anxiety in a temperamentally at-risk population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417000554 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336 [article] Differences in neural response to extinction recall in young adults with or without history of behavioral inhibition [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tomer SHECHNER, Auteur ; Nathan A. FOX, Auteur ; Jamie A. MASH, Auteur ; Johanna M. JARCHO, Auteur ; Gang CHEN, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Jennifer C. BRITTON, Auteur . - p.179-189. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 30-1 (February 2018) . - p.179-189 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Behavioral inhibition (BI) is a temperament identified in early childhood that is associated with risk for anxiety disorders, yet only about half of behaviorally inhibited children manifest anxiety later in life. We compared brain function and behavior during extinction recall in a sample of nonanxious young adults characterized in childhood with BI (n = 22) or with no BI (n = 28). Three weeks after undergoing fear conditioning and extinction, participants completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging extinction recall task assessing memory and threat differentiation for conditioned stimuli. While self-report and psychophysiological measures of differential conditioning and extinction were similar across groups, BI-related differences in brain function emerged during extinction recall. Childhood BI was associated with greater activation in subgenual anterior cingulate cortex in response to cues signaling safety. This pattern of results may reflect neural correlates that promote resilience against anxiety in a temperamentally at-risk population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417000554 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336

Enhanced late positive potential to conditioned threat cue during delayed extinction in anxious youth / Gil SHNER-LIVNE ; Shani DANON-KRAUN ; Rivkah GINAT-FROLICH ; Daniel S. PINE ; Tomer SHECHNER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 65-2 (February 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-2 (February 2024) . - p.215-228 Titre : Enhanced late positive potential to conditioned threat cue during delayed extinction in anxious youth Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gil SHNER-LIVNE, Auteur ; Shani DANON-KRAUN, Auteur ; Rivkah GINAT-FROLICH, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Tomer SHECHNER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.215-228 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Deficits in threat learning relate to anxiety symptoms. Since several anxiety disorders arise in adolescence, impaired adolescent threat learning could contribute to adolescent changes in risk for anxiety. This study compared threat learning among anxious and non-anxious youth using self-reports, peripheral psychophysiology measures, and event-related potentials. Because exposure therapy, the first-line treatment for anxiety disorders, is largely based on principles of extinction learning, the study also examined the link between extinction learning and treatment outcomes among anxious youth. Methods Clinically anxious (n?=?28) and non-anxious (n?=?33) youth completed differential threat acquisition and immediate extinction. They returned to the lab a week later to complete a threat generalization test and a delayed extinction task. Following these two experimental visits, anxious youth received exposure therapy for 12?weeks. Results Anxious as compared to non-anxious youth demonstrated elevated cognitive and physiological responses across acquisition and immediate extinction learning, as well as greater threat generalization. In addition, anxious youth showed enhanced late positive potential response to the conditioned threat cue compared to the safety cue during delayed extinction. Finally, aberrant neural response during delayed extinction was associated with poorer treatment outcomes. Conclusions The study emphasizes differences between anxious and non-anxious youth in threat learning processes and provides preliminary support for a link between neural processing during delayed extinction and exposure-based treatment outcome in pediatric anxiety. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13814 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=520 [article] Enhanced late positive potential to conditioned threat cue during delayed extinction in anxious youth [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gil SHNER-LIVNE, Auteur ; Shani DANON-KRAUN, Auteur ; Rivkah GINAT-FROLICH, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Tomer SHECHNER, Auteur . - p.215-228. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-2 (February 2024) . - p.215-228 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Deficits in threat learning relate to anxiety symptoms. Since several anxiety disorders arise in adolescence, impaired adolescent threat learning could contribute to adolescent changes in risk for anxiety. This study compared threat learning among anxious and non-anxious youth using self-reports, peripheral psychophysiology measures, and event-related potentials. Because exposure therapy, the first-line treatment for anxiety disorders, is largely based on principles of extinction learning, the study also examined the link between extinction learning and treatment outcomes among anxious youth. Methods Clinically anxious (n?=?28) and non-anxious (n?=?33) youth completed differential threat acquisition and immediate extinction. They returned to the lab a week later to complete a threat generalization test and a delayed extinction task. Following these two experimental visits, anxious youth received exposure therapy for 12?weeks. Results Anxious as compared to non-anxious youth demonstrated elevated cognitive and physiological responses across acquisition and immediate extinction learning, as well as greater threat generalization. In addition, anxious youth showed enhanced late positive potential response to the conditioned threat cue compared to the safety cue during delayed extinction. Finally, aberrant neural response during delayed extinction was associated with poorer treatment outcomes. Conclusions The study emphasizes differences between anxious and non-anxious youth in threat learning processes and provides preliminary support for a link between neural processing during delayed extinction and exposure-based treatment outcome in pediatric anxiety. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13814 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=520

Psychiatric consequences for Israeli adolescents of protracted political violence: 1998–2004 / Michelle SLONE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-3 (March 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-3 (March 2009) . - p.280-289 Titre : Psychiatric consequences for Israeli adolescents of protracted political violence: 1998–2004 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michelle SLONE, Auteur ; Tomer SHECHNER, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.280-289 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Political-violence conflict psychiatric-symptoms adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study examined relations between Israeli adolescents' political violence exposure and psychiatric consequences over seven years around the second Intifada and possible differential effects according to age and gender. Methods: Cross-sectional data was collected from 3667 adolescents aged 10–18, constituting two age groups of early and late adolescents sampled in three different exposure periods: pre-Intifada, Intifada peak, and Intifada recession. Results: The first hypothesis predicting a main effect of severity of political violence exposure on psychiatric indices was confirmed for all Brief Symptom Index scales. The second hypothesis predicting a main effect of exposure period was confirmed with higher psychopathological indices at the Intifada peak than at the pre-Intifada and receding Intifada periods. The exploratory question of possible moderating effects in the relation between Political Life Events exposure and exposure period to psychiatric indices showed that higher levels of exposure to political violence were associated with higher rates of symptomatology for both younger and older adolescents. For both genders, a general direct relation emerged between level of severity of political violence exposure and severity of psychiatric outcome, but differently according to Intifada exposure period. Conclusions: Findings document the psychiatric toll paid by adolescents who grow up in protracted conflict and political violence, emphasizing the delicate interaction between individual and conflict factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01940.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=719 [article] Psychiatric consequences for Israeli adolescents of protracted political violence: 1998–2004 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michelle SLONE, Auteur ; Tomer SHECHNER, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.280-289. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-3 (March 2009) . - p.280-289 Mots-clés : Political-violence conflict psychiatric-symptoms adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This study examined relations between Israeli adolescents' political violence exposure and psychiatric consequences over seven years around the second Intifada and possible differential effects according to age and gender. Methods: Cross-sectional data was collected from 3667 adolescents aged 10–18, constituting two age groups of early and late adolescents sampled in three different exposure periods: pre-Intifada, Intifada peak, and Intifada recession. Results: The first hypothesis predicting a main effect of severity of political violence exposure on psychiatric indices was confirmed for all Brief Symptom Index scales. The second hypothesis predicting a main effect of exposure period was confirmed with higher psychopathological indices at the Intifada peak than at the pre-Intifada and receding Intifada periods. The exploratory question of possible moderating effects in the relation between Political Life Events exposure and exposure period to psychiatric indices showed that higher levels of exposure to political violence were associated with higher rates of symptomatology for both younger and older adolescents. For both genders, a general direct relation emerged between level of severity of political violence exposure and severity of psychiatric outcome, but differently according to Intifada exposure period. Conclusions: Findings document the psychiatric toll paid by adolescents who grow up in protracted conflict and political violence, emphasizing the delicate interaction between individual and conflict factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01940.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=719

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