Interests in high-functioning autism are more intense, interfering, and idiosyncratic than those in neurotypical development / Laura G. ANTHONY in Development and Psychopathology, 25-3 (August 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 25-3 (August 2013) . - p.643-652 Titre : Interests in high-functioning autism are more intense, interfering, and idiosyncratic than those in neurotypical development Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura G. ANTHONY, Auteur ; Lauren E. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Benjamin E. YERYS, Auteur ; Kathryn F. JANKOWSKI, Auteur ; Joette D. JAMES, Auteur ; Madeline B. HARMS, Auteur ; Alex MARTIN, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.643-652 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although circumscribed interests are pathognomonic with autism, much about these interests remains unknown. Using the Interests Scale (IS), this study compares interests between 76 neurotypical (NT) individuals and 109 individuals with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HF-ASD) matched groupwise on age, IQ, and gender ratio. Participants and their parents/caregivers completed diagnostic measures (the Autism Diagnostic Interview—Revised and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule; HF-ASD only), cognitive tests (Wechsler IQ Scales), and questionnaires (the Repetitive Behavior Scale—Revised, the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, and the Social Responsiveness Scale), in addition to the IS. Consistent with previous research, HF-ASD and NT individuals did not differ in number of interest areas, but the types of interests and intensity of those interests differed considerably. Using only the IS intensity score, 81% of individuals were correctly classified (NT or HF-ASD) in a logistic regression analysis. Among individuals with HF-ASD, Interests Scale scores were significantly related to Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Repetitive Behavior Scale—Revised, and Social Responsiveness Scale scores, but they were not related to Autism Diagnostic Interview—Revised scores, IQ, gender, age, or psychotropic medication use. The type and intensity, but not the number, of interests distinguish high-functioning individuals with ASD from NT individuals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579413000072 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=210 [article] Interests in high-functioning autism are more intense, interfering, and idiosyncratic than those in neurotypical development [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura G. ANTHONY, Auteur ; Lauren E. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Benjamin E. YERYS, Auteur ; Kathryn F. JANKOWSKI, Auteur ; Joette D. JAMES, Auteur ; Madeline B. HARMS, Auteur ; Alex MARTIN, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur . - p.643-652. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 25-3 (August 2013) . - p.643-652 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although circumscribed interests are pathognomonic with autism, much about these interests remains unknown. Using the Interests Scale (IS), this study compares interests between 76 neurotypical (NT) individuals and 109 individuals with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HF-ASD) matched groupwise on age, IQ, and gender ratio. Participants and their parents/caregivers completed diagnostic measures (the Autism Diagnostic Interview—Revised and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule; HF-ASD only), cognitive tests (Wechsler IQ Scales), and questionnaires (the Repetitive Behavior Scale—Revised, the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, and the Social Responsiveness Scale), in addition to the IS. Consistent with previous research, HF-ASD and NT individuals did not differ in number of interest areas, but the types of interests and intensity of those interests differed considerably. Using only the IS intensity score, 81% of individuals were correctly classified (NT or HF-ASD) in a logistic regression analysis. Among individuals with HF-ASD, Interests Scale scores were significantly related to Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Repetitive Behavior Scale—Revised, and Social Responsiveness Scale scores, but they were not related to Autism Diagnostic Interview—Revised scores, IQ, gender, age, or psychotropic medication use. The type and intensity, but not the number, of interests distinguish high-functioning individuals with ASD from NT individuals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579413000072 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=210

Neural Correlates of Set-Shifting in Children With Autism / Benjamin E. YERYS in Autism Research, 8-4 (August 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-4 (August 2015) . - p.386-397 Titre : Neural Correlates of Set-Shifting in Children With Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Benjamin E. YERYS, Auteur ; Ligia ANTEZANA, Auteur ; Rachel WEINBLATT, Auteur ; Kathryn F. JANKOWSKI, Auteur ; John STRANG, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; William D. GAILLARD, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.386-397 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  cognitive control  set-shifting  functional magnetic resonance imaging  cingulate  prefrontal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is often associated with high levels of inflexible thinking and rigid behavior. The neural correlates of these behaviors have been investigated in adults and older adolescents, but not children. Prior studies utilized set-shifting tasks that engaged multiple levels of shifting, and depended on learning abstract rules and establishing a strong prepotent bias. These additional demands complicate simple interpretations of the results. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural correlates of set-shifting in 20 children (ages 7–14) with ASD and 19 typically developing, matched, control children. Participants completed a set-shifting task that minimized nonshifting task demands through the use of concrete instructions that provide spatial mapping of stimuli-responses. The shift/stay sets were given an equal number of trials to limit the prepotent bias. Both groups showed an equivalent “switch cost,” responding less accurately and slower to Switch stimuli than Stay stimuli, although the ASD group was less accurate overall. Both groups showed activation in prefrontal, striatal, parietal, and cerebellum regions known to govern effective set-shifts. Compared to controls, children with ASD demonstrated decreased activation of the right middle temporal gyrus across all trials, but increased activation in the mid-dorsal cingulate cortex/superior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal, and right inferior frontal gyri during the Switch vs. Stay contrast. The successful behavioral switching performance of children with ASD comes at the cost of requiring greater engagement of frontal regions, suggesting less efficiency at this lowest level of shifting. Autism Res 2015, 8: 386–397. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1454 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=268 [article] Neural Correlates of Set-Shifting in Children With Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Benjamin E. YERYS, Auteur ; Ligia ANTEZANA, Auteur ; Rachel WEINBLATT, Auteur ; Kathryn F. JANKOWSKI, Auteur ; John STRANG, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; William D. GAILLARD, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur . - p.386-397. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-4 (August 2015) . - p.386-397 Mots-clés : autism  cognitive control  set-shifting  functional magnetic resonance imaging  cingulate  prefrontal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is often associated with high levels of inflexible thinking and rigid behavior. The neural correlates of these behaviors have been investigated in adults and older adolescents, but not children. Prior studies utilized set-shifting tasks that engaged multiple levels of shifting, and depended on learning abstract rules and establishing a strong prepotent bias. These additional demands complicate simple interpretations of the results. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural correlates of set-shifting in 20 children (ages 7–14) with ASD and 19 typically developing, matched, control children. Participants completed a set-shifting task that minimized nonshifting task demands through the use of concrete instructions that provide spatial mapping of stimuli-responses. The shift/stay sets were given an equal number of trials to limit the prepotent bias. Both groups showed an equivalent “switch cost,” responding less accurately and slower to Switch stimuli than Stay stimuli, although the ASD group was less accurate overall. Both groups showed activation in prefrontal, striatal, parietal, and cerebellum regions known to govern effective set-shifts. Compared to controls, children with ASD demonstrated decreased activation of the right middle temporal gyrus across all trials, but increased activation in the mid-dorsal cingulate cortex/superior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal, and right inferior frontal gyri during the Switch vs. Stay contrast. The successful behavioral switching performance of children with ASD comes at the cost of requiring greater engagement of frontal regions, suggesting less efficiency at this lowest level of shifting. Autism Res 2015, 8: 386–397. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1454 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=268

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