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Auteur Simon BARON-COHEN |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (211)
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A comparative study of autistic and non-autistic women's experience of motherhood / A. L. POHL in Molecular Autism, 11 (2020)
[article]
Titre : A comparative study of autistic and non-autistic women's experience of motherhood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. L. POHL, Auteur ; S. K. CROCKFORD, Auteur ; M. BLAKEMORE, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 3 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Motherhood Parenting Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental difference and disability, yet there is limited research examining parenting in autistic mothers. OBJECTIVE: To explore autistic mothers' experience of the perinatal period and parenthood. This includes pregnancy, childbirth, the postpartum period, self-perception of parenting strengths and weaknesses, communication with professionals in relation to one's child, mental health difficulties and the social experience of motherhood. It also includes disclosing one's diagnosis of autism in parenting contexts. METHODS: We used a community-based participatory research model, and recruited an advisory panel, with whom we co-developed an anonymous, online survey for autistic mothers. The online survey was completed by autistic and non-autistic mothers, and we compared their responses using Chi-squared analysis. SAMPLE: Autistic mothers (n = 355), and non-autistic mothers (n = 132), each of whom had at least one autistic child, were included in our final analysis. RESULTS: There were differences in education, gender identity and age of mother at birth of first child. Autistic mothers were more likely to have experienced additional psychiatric conditions, including pre- or post-partum depression, and reported greater difficulties in areas such as multi-tasking, coping with domestic responsibilities and creating social opportunities for their child. They were also more likely to report feeling misunderstood by professionals, and reported greater anxiety, higher rates of selective mutism, and not knowing which details were appropriate to share with professionals. They were also more likely to find motherhood an isolating experience, to worry about others judging their parenting, or feel unable to turn to others for support in parenting. However, despite these challenges, autistic mothers were able to act in the best interest of their child, putting their child's needs first. CONCLUSIONS: Autistic mothers face unique challenges and the stigma associated with autism may further exacerbate communication difficulties. Greater understanding and acceptance amongst individuals who interact with autistic mothers is needed, and autistic mothers would benefit from additional and better-tailored support. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0304-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427
in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 3 p.[article] A comparative study of autistic and non-autistic women's experience of motherhood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. L. POHL, Auteur ; S. K. CROCKFORD, Auteur ; M. BLAKEMORE, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - 3 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 3 p.
Mots-clés : Autism Motherhood Parenting Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental difference and disability, yet there is limited research examining parenting in autistic mothers. OBJECTIVE: To explore autistic mothers' experience of the perinatal period and parenthood. This includes pregnancy, childbirth, the postpartum period, self-perception of parenting strengths and weaknesses, communication with professionals in relation to one's child, mental health difficulties and the social experience of motherhood. It also includes disclosing one's diagnosis of autism in parenting contexts. METHODS: We used a community-based participatory research model, and recruited an advisory panel, with whom we co-developed an anonymous, online survey for autistic mothers. The online survey was completed by autistic and non-autistic mothers, and we compared their responses using Chi-squared analysis. SAMPLE: Autistic mothers (n = 355), and non-autistic mothers (n = 132), each of whom had at least one autistic child, were included in our final analysis. RESULTS: There were differences in education, gender identity and age of mother at birth of first child. Autistic mothers were more likely to have experienced additional psychiatric conditions, including pre- or post-partum depression, and reported greater difficulties in areas such as multi-tasking, coping with domestic responsibilities and creating social opportunities for their child. They were also more likely to report feeling misunderstood by professionals, and reported greater anxiety, higher rates of selective mutism, and not knowing which details were appropriate to share with professionals. They were also more likely to find motherhood an isolating experience, to worry about others judging their parenting, or feel unable to turn to others for support in parenting. However, despite these challenges, autistic mothers were able to act in the best interest of their child, putting their child's needs first. CONCLUSIONS: Autistic mothers face unique challenges and the stigma associated with autism may further exacerbate communication difficulties. Greater understanding and acceptance amongst individuals who interact with autistic mothers is needed, and autistic mothers would benefit from additional and better-tailored support. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0304-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427 Comparison of Parent Questionnaires, Examiner-Led Assessment and Parents' Concerns at 14 Months of Age as Indicators of Later Diagnosis of Autism / Greg PASCO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-3 (March 2021)
[article]
Titre : Comparison of Parent Questionnaires, Examiner-Led Assessment and Parents' Concerns at 14 Months of Age as Indicators of Later Diagnosis of Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Kim DAVIES, Auteur ; Helena RIBEIRO, Auteur ; Leslie TUCKER, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.804-813 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Assessment Autism Behavioural signs Early detection Infant siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents participating in a prospective longitudinal study of infants with older siblings with autism completed an autism screening questionnaire and were asked about any concerns relating to their child's development, and children were administered an interactive assessment conducted by a researcher at 14 months. Scores on the parent questionnaire were highest for children later diagnosed with autism. Parental concerns and scores from the examiner-led assessment distinguished children with later developmental difficulties (both autism and other developmental atypicalities) from those who were developing typically. Children about whom parents expressed concern scored higher on both the questionnaire and the interactive assessment than those without concerns. There were no significant associations between total or individual item scores from the questionnaire and interactive assessment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04335-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-3 (March 2021) . - p.804-813[article] Comparison of Parent Questionnaires, Examiner-Led Assessment and Parents' Concerns at 14 Months of Age as Indicators of Later Diagnosis of Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Kim DAVIES, Auteur ; Helena RIBEIRO, Auteur ; Leslie TUCKER, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - p.804-813.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-3 (March 2021) . - p.804-813
Mots-clés : Assessment Autism Behavioural signs Early detection Infant siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents participating in a prospective longitudinal study of infants with older siblings with autism completed an autism screening questionnaire and were asked about any concerns relating to their child's development, and children were administered an interactive assessment conducted by a researcher at 14 months. Scores on the parent questionnaire were highest for children later diagnosed with autism. Parental concerns and scores from the examiner-led assessment distinguished children with later developmental difficulties (both autism and other developmental atypicalities) from those who were developing typically. Children about whom parents expressed concern scored higher on both the questionnaire and the interactive assessment than those without concerns. There were no significant associations between total or individual item scores from the questionnaire and interactive assessment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04335-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 A comprehensive meta-analysis of common genetic variants in autism spectrum conditions / Varun WARRIER in Molecular Autism, (August 2015)
[article]
Titre : A comprehensive meta-analysis of common genetic variants in autism spectrum conditions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Varun WARRIER, Auteur ; Vivienne CHEE, Auteur ; Paula SMITH, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-11 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum conditions (ASC) are a group of neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by difficulties in social interaction and communication alongside repetitive and stereotyped behaviours. ASC are heritable, and common genetic variants contribute substantial phenotypic variability. More than 600 genes have been implicated in ASC to date. However, a comprehensive investigation of candidate gene association studies in ASC is lacking. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-015-0041-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=277
in Molecular Autism > (August 2015) . - p.1-11[article] A comprehensive meta-analysis of common genetic variants in autism spectrum conditions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Varun WARRIER, Auteur ; Vivienne CHEE, Auteur ; Paula SMITH, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - p.1-11.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > (August 2015) . - p.1-11
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum conditions (ASC) are a group of neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by difficulties in social interaction and communication alongside repetitive and stereotyped behaviours. ASC are heritable, and common genetic variants contribute substantial phenotypic variability. More than 600 genes have been implicated in ASC to date. However, a comprehensive investigation of candidate gene association studies in ASC is lacking. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-015-0041-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=277 Correction to: The relevance of the interpersonal theory of suicide for predicting past-year and lifetime suicidality in autistic adults / R. L. MOSELEY in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)
[article]
Titre : Correction to: The relevance of the interpersonal theory of suicide for predicting past-year and lifetime suicidality in autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; N. J. GREGORY, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; C. ALLISON, Auteur ; S. CASSIDY, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 16 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00496-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=477
in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 16 p.[article] Correction to: The relevance of the interpersonal theory of suicide for predicting past-year and lifetime suicidality in autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; N. J. GREGORY, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; C. ALLISON, Auteur ; S. CASSIDY, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - 16 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 16 p.
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00496-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=477 A cross-cultural study of autistic traits across India, Japan and the UK / S. CARRUTHERS in Molecular Autism, 9 (2018)
[article]
Titre : A cross-cultural study of autistic traits across India, Japan and the UK Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. CARRUTHERS, Auteur ; E. KINNAIRD, Auteur ; A. RUDRA, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; A. WAKABAYASHI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; I. BAKOLIS, Auteur ; R. A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur Article en page(s) : 52p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Cross-cultural comparison Culture Positive predictive values the original collection of data was obtained by ethics committees in India, Japan and the UK for each country's data collection separately.Not applicable.The authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: There is a global need for brief screening instruments that can identify key indicators for autism to support frontline professionals in their referral decision-making. Although a universal set of conditions, there may be subtle differences in expression, identification and reporting of autistic traits across cultures. In order to assess the potential for any measure for cross-cultural screening use, it is important to understand the relative performance of such measures in different cultures. Our study aimed to identify the items on the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ)-Child that are most predictive of an autism diagnosis among children aged 4-9 years across samples from India, Japan and the UK. Methods: We analysed parent-reported AQ-Child data from India (73 children with an autism diagnosis and 81 neurotypical children), Japan (116 children with autism and 190 neurotypical children) and the UK (488 children with autism and 532 neurotypical children). None of the children had a reported existing diagnosis of intellectual disability. Discrimination indices (DI) and positive predictive values (PPV) were used to identify the most predictive items in each country. Results: Sixteen items in the Indian sample, 15 items in the Japanese sample and 28 items in the UK sample demonstrated excellent discriminatory power (DI >/= 0.5 and PPV >/= 0.7), suggesting these items represent the strongest indicators for predicting an autism diagnosis within these countries. Across cultures, good performing items were largely overlapping, with five key indicator items appearing across all three countries (can easily keep track of several different people's conversations, enjoys social chit-chat, knows how to tell if someone listening to him/her is getting bored, good at social chit-chat, finds it difficult to work out people's intentions). Four items indicated potential cultural differences. One item was highly discriminative in Japan but poorly discriminative (DI < 0.3) in the UK and India, and a further item had excellent discrimination properties in the UK but poorly discriminated in the Indian and Japanese samples. Two additional items were highly discriminative in two cultures but poor in the third. Conclusions: Cross-cultural overlap in the items most predictive of an autism diagnosis supports the general notion of universality in autistic traits whilst also highlighting that there can be cultural differences associated with certain autistic traits. These findings have the potential to inform the development of a brief global screening tool for autism. Further development and evaluation work is needed. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0235-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371
in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 52p.[article] A cross-cultural study of autistic traits across India, Japan and the UK [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. CARRUTHERS, Auteur ; E. KINNAIRD, Auteur ; A. RUDRA, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; A. WAKABAYASHI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; I. BAKOLIS, Auteur ; R. A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur . - 52p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 52p.
Mots-clés : Autism Cross-cultural comparison Culture Positive predictive values the original collection of data was obtained by ethics committees in India, Japan and the UK for each country's data collection separately.Not applicable.The authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: There is a global need for brief screening instruments that can identify key indicators for autism to support frontline professionals in their referral decision-making. Although a universal set of conditions, there may be subtle differences in expression, identification and reporting of autistic traits across cultures. In order to assess the potential for any measure for cross-cultural screening use, it is important to understand the relative performance of such measures in different cultures. Our study aimed to identify the items on the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ)-Child that are most predictive of an autism diagnosis among children aged 4-9 years across samples from India, Japan and the UK. Methods: We analysed parent-reported AQ-Child data from India (73 children with an autism diagnosis and 81 neurotypical children), Japan (116 children with autism and 190 neurotypical children) and the UK (488 children with autism and 532 neurotypical children). None of the children had a reported existing diagnosis of intellectual disability. Discrimination indices (DI) and positive predictive values (PPV) were used to identify the most predictive items in each country. Results: Sixteen items in the Indian sample, 15 items in the Japanese sample and 28 items in the UK sample demonstrated excellent discriminatory power (DI >/= 0.5 and PPV >/= 0.7), suggesting these items represent the strongest indicators for predicting an autism diagnosis within these countries. Across cultures, good performing items were largely overlapping, with five key indicator items appearing across all three countries (can easily keep track of several different people's conversations, enjoys social chit-chat, knows how to tell if someone listening to him/her is getting bored, good at social chit-chat, finds it difficult to work out people's intentions). Four items indicated potential cultural differences. One item was highly discriminative in Japan but poorly discriminative (DI < 0.3) in the UK and India, and a further item had excellent discrimination properties in the UK but poorly discriminated in the Indian and Japanese samples. Two additional items were highly discriminative in two cultures but poor in the third. Conclusions: Cross-cultural overlap in the items most predictive of an autism diagnosis supports the general notion of universality in autistic traits whilst also highlighting that there can be cultural differences associated with certain autistic traits. These findings have the potential to inform the development of a brief global screening tool for autism. Further development and evaluation work is needed. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0235-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371 Defining the broader, medium and narrow autism phenotype among parents using the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) / Sally WHEELWRIGHT in Molecular Autism, (June 2010)
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