Associations between child characteristics and parent response to emotion differ in young children with and without an autism diagnosis / Jessie B. NORTHRUP in Autism, 30-2 (February 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 30-2 (February 2026) . - p.525-537 Titre : Associations between child characteristics and parent response to emotion differ in young children with and without an autism diagnosis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jessie B. NORTHRUP, Auteur ; Soo Youn KIM, Auteur ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.525-537 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  emotional development  emotion socialization  parent response to emotion  pre-school children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined how parents of children with and without an autism diagnosis respond to their children’s negative emotions. Specifically, we (1) compared levels of supportive, non-supportive, and distress reactions; (2) tested whether child characteristics (autism traits and emotion dysregulation) predicted parent responses; and (3) explored whether autism diagnosis moderated these associations. Participants were 1780 parents of 2- to 5-year-old children from the United States (812 with an autism diagnosis). Parents completed the Coping with Children’s Negative Emotions Scale and reported on children’s autism traits and emotion dysregulation. Results indicated that parents of autistic children reported slightly more supportive and less non-supportive and distress responses than parents of children without a diagnosis. Associations between child characteristics and parent responses differed by diagnostic group: parents of children without a diagnosis who had more autism traits reported more non-supportive and distress responses, while these associations were weaker or non-existent for parents of children with a diagnosis. Emotion dysregulation was also associated with parent responding, with subtle differences between groups. Findings suggest an autism diagnosis may shape how parents interpret and respond to children’s emotions.Lay Abstract This study looked at how parents of 2- to 5-year-old children with and without an autism diagnosis respond when their children are upset. A total of 1780 parents completed a questionnaire about how likely they were to respond to their child’s negative emotions in ways that were supportive (e.g. comforting the child) and non-supportive (e.g. saying the child is over-reacting, punishing the child). The goal was to see if parents of children with autism respond differently compared to parents of children without autism, and to understand if certain traits of the child, like social-communication and emotional challenges, affect how parents respond. Parents of autistic children generally reported more supportive responding and less non-supportive responding compared to parents of children with a diagnosis, though these differences were very small. For parents of children without an autism diagnosis, having a child with more social or emotional challenges was linked to more non-supportive responses. In contrast, for parents of children with an autism diagnosis, their responses were less strongly associated with these child characteristics. Importantly, some of the young children in this study who did not have an autism diagnosis had significant social-communication challenges consistent with autism and may in fact be autistic children who haven’t been diagnosed yet. These results suggest that how parents of children with an autism diagnosis respond to their child’s emotions may not be as impacted by their child’s challenges as parents of children without a diagnosis, perhaps because the autism diagnosis provides parents with understanding and support around these challenges. This highlights the importance of early identification of autism and providing support to all parents, particularly those with children who have social-communication and emotional difficulties. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251395122 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=579 [article] Associations between child characteristics and parent response to emotion differ in young children with and without an autism diagnosis [texte imprimé] / Jessie B. NORTHRUP, Auteur ; Soo Youn KIM, Auteur ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur . - p.525-537. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 30-2 (February 2026) . - p.525-537 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  emotional development  emotion socialization  parent response to emotion  pre-school children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined how parents of children with and without an autism diagnosis respond to their children’s negative emotions. Specifically, we (1) compared levels of supportive, non-supportive, and distress reactions; (2) tested whether child characteristics (autism traits and emotion dysregulation) predicted parent responses; and (3) explored whether autism diagnosis moderated these associations. Participants were 1780 parents of 2- to 5-year-old children from the United States (812 with an autism diagnosis). Parents completed the Coping with Children’s Negative Emotions Scale and reported on children’s autism traits and emotion dysregulation. Results indicated that parents of autistic children reported slightly more supportive and less non-supportive and distress responses than parents of children without a diagnosis. Associations between child characteristics and parent responses differed by diagnostic group: parents of children without a diagnosis who had more autism traits reported more non-supportive and distress responses, while these associations were weaker or non-existent for parents of children with a diagnosis. Emotion dysregulation was also associated with parent responding, with subtle differences between groups. Findings suggest an autism diagnosis may shape how parents interpret and respond to children’s emotions.Lay Abstract This study looked at how parents of 2- to 5-year-old children with and without an autism diagnosis respond when their children are upset. A total of 1780 parents completed a questionnaire about how likely they were to respond to their child’s negative emotions in ways that were supportive (e.g. comforting the child) and non-supportive (e.g. saying the child is over-reacting, punishing the child). The goal was to see if parents of children with autism respond differently compared to parents of children without autism, and to understand if certain traits of the child, like social-communication and emotional challenges, affect how parents respond. Parents of autistic children generally reported more supportive responding and less non-supportive responding compared to parents of children with a diagnosis, though these differences were very small. For parents of children without an autism diagnosis, having a child with more social or emotional challenges was linked to more non-supportive responses. In contrast, for parents of children with an autism diagnosis, their responses were less strongly associated with these child characteristics. Importantly, some of the young children in this study who did not have an autism diagnosis had significant social-communication challenges consistent with autism and may in fact be autistic children who haven’t been diagnosed yet. These results suggest that how parents of children with an autism diagnosis respond to their child’s emotions may not be as impacted by their child’s challenges as parents of children without a diagnosis, perhaps because the autism diagnosis provides parents with understanding and support around these challenges. This highlights the importance of early identification of autism and providing support to all parents, particularly those with children who have social-communication and emotional difficulties. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251395122 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=579

Correlates of Impairment and Growth in Families of Young Autistic Children / Mario J. CROWN ; Jessie B. NORTHRUP ; Elizabeth RUTENBERG ; Amy G. HARTMAN ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 55-5 (May 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-5 (May 2025) . - p.1846-1856 Titre : Correlates of Impairment and Growth in Families of Young Autistic Children Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mario J. CROWN, Auteur ; Jessie B. NORTHRUP, Auteur ; Elizabeth RUTENBERG, Auteur ; Amy G. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1846-1856 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The purpose of this project was to investigate potential correlates of family life impairment in families of young autistic children. This project incorporated measures of specific child and parent challenges in addition to a commonly used unidimensional measure of autism characteristics. In this way, we could assess whether such challenges explain variance in family life impairment, and whether their inclusion diminish associations between autism characteristics and family life impairment. Cross-sectional data were collected from 564 parents of autistic children aged 2 to 5 years who participated in a larger online study. Participants completed measures on child characteristics (autism characteristics, emotion dysregulation, speaking ability, flexibility, and sleep problems), parent depression, and family life impairment, using the Family Life Impairment Scale (FLIS). Multiple linear regression models were generated to examine whether any of the independent variables were associated with the four domains of the FLIS. Models controlled for child age and sex, parent education, and single-parent homes. All independent variables were associated with impairment in one or more FLIS domains. None of the primary independent variables were significantly associated with positive growth. More overt characteristics and behaviors (e.g., autism characteristics, reactivity, speaking ability, and flexibility) were associated with impairment in domains that reflected a family?s ability to navigate the community. However, sleep challenges and parent and child emotional difficulties were most strongly associated with parent impairment. Findings suggests that families may have different needs across contexts and provide new avenues through which they might be better supported. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06339-w Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=554 [article] Correlates of Impairment and Growth in Families of Young Autistic Children [texte imprimé] / Mario J. CROWN, Auteur ; Jessie B. NORTHRUP, Auteur ; Elizabeth RUTENBERG, Auteur ; Amy G. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur . - p.1846-1856. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-5 (May 2025) . - p.1846-1856 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The purpose of this project was to investigate potential correlates of family life impairment in families of young autistic children. This project incorporated measures of specific child and parent challenges in addition to a commonly used unidimensional measure of autism characteristics. In this way, we could assess whether such challenges explain variance in family life impairment, and whether their inclusion diminish associations between autism characteristics and family life impairment. Cross-sectional data were collected from 564 parents of autistic children aged 2 to 5 years who participated in a larger online study. Participants completed measures on child characteristics (autism characteristics, emotion dysregulation, speaking ability, flexibility, and sleep problems), parent depression, and family life impairment, using the Family Life Impairment Scale (FLIS). Multiple linear regression models were generated to examine whether any of the independent variables were associated with the four domains of the FLIS. Models controlled for child age and sex, parent education, and single-parent homes. All independent variables were associated with impairment in one or more FLIS domains. None of the primary independent variables were significantly associated with positive growth. More overt characteristics and behaviors (e.g., autism characteristics, reactivity, speaking ability, and flexibility) were associated with impairment in domains that reflected a family?s ability to navigate the community. However, sleep challenges and parent and child emotional difficulties were most strongly associated with parent impairment. Findings suggests that families may have different needs across contexts and provide new avenues through which they might be better supported. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06339-w Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=554

Developmental Changes in Empathic Concern and Self-Understanding in Toddlers at Genetic Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder / Susan B. CAMPBELL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-9 (September 2017) . - p.2690-2702 Titre : Developmental Changes in Empathic Concern and Self-Understanding in Toddlers at Genetic Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Susan B. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Elizabeth L. MOORE, Auteur ; Jessie B. NORTHRUP, Auteur ; Celia A. BROWNELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2690-2702 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : High-risk siblings  Empathic concern  Self-understanding  Self-distress  Autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Toddlers with an older sibling with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and low risk (LR) toddlers were observed at 22, 28, and 34 months during two empathy probes: a crying baby and an adult who pretended to hurt her finger. Toddlers with a later ASD diagnosis showed less empathic concern and self-distress at each age on both empathy probes than LR toddlers. HR toddlers with no diagnosis showed growth in empathic concern between 22 and 34 months in response to the adult’s pain, differing from the children with ASD, but not the LR children, by 34 months. Developmental changes in parent-rated self-understanding showed a similar pattern. Results highlight individual differences in the social development of HR toddlers. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3192-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=315 [article] Developmental Changes in Empathic Concern and Self-Understanding in Toddlers at Genetic Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Susan B. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Elizabeth L. MOORE, Auteur ; Jessie B. NORTHRUP, Auteur ; Celia A. BROWNELL, Auteur . - p.2690-2702. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-9 (September 2017) . - p.2690-2702 Mots-clés : High-risk siblings  Empathic concern  Self-understanding  Self-distress  Autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Toddlers with an older sibling with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and low risk (LR) toddlers were observed at 22, 28, and 34 months during two empathy probes: a crying baby and an adult who pretended to hurt her finger. Toddlers with a later ASD diagnosis showed less empathic concern and self-distress at each age on both empathy probes than LR toddlers. HR toddlers with no diagnosis showed growth in empathic concern between 22 and 34 months in response to the adult’s pain, differing from the children with ASD, but not the LR children, by 34 months. Developmental changes in parent-rated self-understanding showed a similar pattern. Results highlight individual differences in the social development of HR toddlers. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3192-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=315

Early Gesture and Vocabulary Development in Infant Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Jana M. IVERSON in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-1 (January 2018) . - p.55-71 Titre : Early Gesture and Vocabulary Development in Infant Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jana M. IVERSON, Auteur ; Jessie B. NORTHRUP, Auteur ; Nina B. LEEZENBAUM, Auteur ; Meaghan V. PARLADE, Auteur ; Erin A. KOTERBA, Auteur ; Kelsey L. WEST, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.55-71 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Gesture  Infant siblings  Vocabulary development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined longitudinal growth in gestures and words in infants at heightened (HR) versus low risk (LR) for ASD. The MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory was administered monthly from 8 to 14 months and at 18 and 24 months to caregivers of 14 HR infants diagnosed with ASD (HR-ASD), 27 HR infants with language delay (HR-LD), 51 HR infants with no diagnosis (HR-ND), and 28 LR infants. Few differences were obtained between LR and HR-ND infants, but HR-LD and HR-ASD groups differed in initial skill levels and growth patterns. While HR-LD infants grew at rates comparable to LR and HR-ND infants, growth was attenuated in the HR-ASD group, with trajectories progressively diverging from all other groups. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3297-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336 [article] Early Gesture and Vocabulary Development in Infant Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Jana M. IVERSON, Auteur ; Jessie B. NORTHRUP, Auteur ; Nina B. LEEZENBAUM, Auteur ; Meaghan V. PARLADE, Auteur ; Erin A. KOTERBA, Auteur ; Kelsey L. WEST, Auteur . - p.55-71. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-1 (January 2018) . - p.55-71 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Gesture  Infant siblings  Vocabulary development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined longitudinal growth in gestures and words in infants at heightened (HR) versus low risk (LR) for ASD. The MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory was administered monthly from 8 to 14 months and at 18 and 24 months to caregivers of 14 HR infants diagnosed with ASD (HR-ASD), 27 HR infants with language delay (HR-LD), 51 HR infants with no diagnosis (HR-ND), and 28 LR infants. Few differences were obtained between LR and HR-ND infants, but HR-LD and HR-ASD groups differed in initial skill levels and growth patterns. While HR-LD infants grew at rates comparable to LR and HR-ND infants, growth was attenuated in the HR-ASD group, with trajectories progressively diverging from all other groups. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3297-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336

Emotion dysregulation in autism: Severity and correlates in early childhood / Jessie B. NORTHRUP in Autism Research, 17-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-12 (December 2024) . - p.2662-2675 Titre : Emotion dysregulation in autism: Severity and correlates in early childhood Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jessie B. NORTHRUP, Auteur ; Amy G. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Kristen T. MACKENZIE, Auteur ; Shalini SIVATHASAN, Auteur ; Safaa ELDEEB, Auteur ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2662-2675 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  dysphoria  emotion dysregulation  irritability  preschool Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Emotion dysregulation (ED) is common and severe in older autistic youth, but is rarely the focus of early autism screening or intervention. Moreover, research characterizing ED in the preschool years (when autism is typically diagnosed) is limited. This study aimed to characterize ED in autistic children by examining (1) prevalence and severity of ED as compared to children without an autism diagnosis; and (2) correlates of ED in autistic children. A sample of 1864 parents (Mean child age 4.21 years, SD 1.16 years; 37% female) of 2 5 year-old children with (1) autism; (2) developmental concerns, but no autism; and (3) no developmental concerns or autism completed measures via an online questionnaire. ED was measured using the Emotion Dysregulation Inventory-Young Child, a parent report measure characterizing ED across two dimensions: Reactivity (fast, intense emotional reactions) and dysphoria (low positive affect, sadness, unease). Autistic preschoolers, compared to peers without developmental concerns, had more severe ED (+1.12 SD for reactivity; +0.60 SD for dysphoria) and were nearly four and three times more likely to have clinically significant reactivity and dysphoria, respectively. Autistic traits, sleep problems, speaking ability, and parent depression were the strongest correlates of ED in the autism sample. While more work is needed to establish the prevalence, severity, and correlates of ED in young autistic children, this study represents an important first step. Results highlight a critical need for more high-quality research in this area as well as the potential value of screening and intervention for ED in young autistic children. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.3264 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=544 [article] Emotion dysregulation in autism: Severity and correlates in early childhood [texte imprimé] / Jessie B. NORTHRUP, Auteur ; Amy G. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Kristen T. MACKENZIE, Auteur ; Shalini SIVATHASAN, Auteur ; Safaa ELDEEB, Auteur ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur . - p.2662-2675. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-12 (December 2024) . - p.2662-2675 Mots-clés : autism  dysphoria  emotion dysregulation  irritability  preschool Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Emotion dysregulation (ED) is common and severe in older autistic youth, but is rarely the focus of early autism screening or intervention. Moreover, research characterizing ED in the preschool years (when autism is typically diagnosed) is limited. This study aimed to characterize ED in autistic children by examining (1) prevalence and severity of ED as compared to children without an autism diagnosis; and (2) correlates of ED in autistic children. A sample of 1864 parents (Mean child age 4.21 years, SD 1.16 years; 37% female) of 2 5 year-old children with (1) autism; (2) developmental concerns, but no autism; and (3) no developmental concerns or autism completed measures via an online questionnaire. ED was measured using the Emotion Dysregulation Inventory-Young Child, a parent report measure characterizing ED across two dimensions: Reactivity (fast, intense emotional reactions) and dysphoria (low positive affect, sadness, unease). Autistic preschoolers, compared to peers without developmental concerns, had more severe ED (+1.12 SD for reactivity; +0.60 SD for dysphoria) and were nearly four and three times more likely to have clinically significant reactivity and dysphoria, respectively. Autistic traits, sleep problems, speaking ability, and parent depression were the strongest correlates of ED in the autism sample. While more work is needed to establish the prevalence, severity, and correlates of ED in young autistic children, this study represents an important first step. Results highlight a critical need for more high-quality research in this area as well as the potential value of screening and intervention for ED in young autistic children. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.3264 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=544

Expression and co-regulation of negative emotion in 18-month-olds at increased likelihood for autism with diverse developmental outcomes / Jessie B. NORTHRUP in Autism, 28-10 (October 2024)  

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From Using Tools to Using Language in Infant Siblings of Children with Autism / Laura SPARACI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-7 (July 2018)  

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Mapping the time course of overt emotion dysregulation, self-injurious behavior, and aggression in psychiatrically hospitalized autistic youth: A naturalistic study / Jessie B. NORTHRUP in Autism Research, 15-10 (October 2022)  

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Observed emotional reactivity in response to frustration tasks in psychiatrically hospitalized youth with autism spectrum disorder / Jessie B. NORTHRUP in Autism, 24-4 (May 2020)  

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Observed Social Emotional Behavior at 22 Months Predicts a Later ASD Diagnosis in High-Risk Siblings / Jessie B. NORTHRUP in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-9 (September 2021)  

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A PROMIS®ing New Measure for Quantifying Emotion Dysregulation in Toddlers and Preschoolers: Development of the Emotion Dysregulation Inventory-Young Child / Taylor N. DAY ; Jessie B. NORTHRUP ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53-6 (June 2023)  

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Resistance to temptation in toddlers at genetic risk for autism spectrum disorder / Susan B. CAMPBELL in Autism, 23-4 (May 2019)  

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Response to changing contingencies in infants at high and low risk for autism spectrum disorder / Jessie B. NORTHRUP in Autism Research, 10-7 (July 2017)  

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Stakeholder informed development of the Emotion Awareness and Skills Enhancement team-based program (EASE-Teams) / Kelly B. BECK in Autism, 26-3 (April 2022)  

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Transgenerational associations between maternal childhood stress exposure and profiles of infant emotional reactivity / Alison E. HIPWELL in Development and Psychopathology, 31-3 (August 2019)  

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