Dépouillements

Parental reports on the use of treatments and therapies for children with autism spectrum disorders / Robin P. GOIN-KOCHEL in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1-3 (July/September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 1-3 (July/September 2007) . - p.195-209 Titre : Parental reports on the use of treatments and therapies for children with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Robin P. GOIN-KOCHEL, Auteur ; Barbara J. MYERS, Auteur ; Virginia H. MACKINTOSH, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.195-209 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Asperger's-syndrome PDD-NOS Interventions Drugs Medications Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD; N = 479) reported via web-based survey what pharmacological (drug), diet, and behavioral/educational/alternative therapies they had tried and were using now in the treatment of their children with ASD. Depending on type of ASD, children had tried, on average, between seven and nine therapies and were now using between four and six. Children with Asperger's syndrome had tried significantly more drug treatments than had those with autism or PDD-NOS, while those in these latter two groups had tried more behavioral/educational/alternative therapies. Adolescents had a higher prevalence of drug-treatment use compared with those in middle childhood, who, in turn, had a higher frequency of use relative to those in early childhood. For most behavioral/educational/alternative treatments, more children in early and middle childhood had tried them compared with adolescents. Likewise, children in both early and middle childhood were currently using a higher number of behavioral/educational/alternative treatments than were those in the adolescent group. Findings are discussed relative to both the extant literature on treatment use among ASD families and how parents choose among the plethora of available therapies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2006.08.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=147 [article] Parental reports on the use of treatments and therapies for children with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Robin P. GOIN-KOCHEL, Auteur ; Barbara J. MYERS, Auteur ; Virginia H. MACKINTOSH, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.195-209. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 1-3 (July/September 2007) . - p.195-209 Mots-clés : Autism Asperger's-syndrome PDD-NOS Interventions Drugs Medications Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD; N = 479) reported via web-based survey what pharmacological (drug), diet, and behavioral/educational/alternative therapies they had tried and were using now in the treatment of their children with ASD. Depending on type of ASD, children had tried, on average, between seven and nine therapies and were now using between four and six. Children with Asperger's syndrome had tried significantly more drug treatments than had those with autism or PDD-NOS, while those in these latter two groups had tried more behavioral/educational/alternative therapies. Adolescents had a higher prevalence of drug-treatment use compared with those in middle childhood, who, in turn, had a higher frequency of use relative to those in early childhood. For most behavioral/educational/alternative treatments, more children in early and middle childhood had tried them compared with adolescents. Likewise, children in both early and middle childhood were currently using a higher number of behavioral/educational/alternative treatments than were those in the adolescent group. Findings are discussed relative to both the extant literature on treatment use among ASD families and how parents choose among the plethora of available therapies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2006.08.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=147

Contriving motivating operations to evoke mands for information in preschoolers with autism / Katie ENDICOTT in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1-3 (July/September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 1-3 (July/September 2007) . - p.210-217 Titre : Contriving motivating operations to evoke mands for information in preschoolers with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katie ENDICOTT, Auteur ; Thomas S. HIGBEE, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.210-217 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mands-for-information Motivating-operations Autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Four preschoolers with autism participated in the study. Stimulus preference assessments were conducted to identify high and low preferred items, which were then hidden or given to an adult in order to contrive motivation for the information about the location of the items. The first experiment involved the manipulation of motivating operations to evoke the mand “Where is it?” Upon successful acquisition of this initial mand for information, students participated in a second experiment involving the manipulation of a motivating operation to evoke the mand “Who has it?” All participants successfully acquired the ability to mand for information. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2006.10.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=147 [article] Contriving motivating operations to evoke mands for information in preschoolers with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katie ENDICOTT, Auteur ; Thomas S. HIGBEE, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.210-217. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 1-3 (July/September 2007) . - p.210-217 Mots-clés : Mands-for-information Motivating-operations Autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Four preschoolers with autism participated in the study. Stimulus preference assessments were conducted to identify high and low preferred items, which were then hidden or given to an adult in order to contrive motivation for the information about the location of the items. The first experiment involved the manipulation of motivating operations to evoke the mand “Where is it?” Upon successful acquisition of this initial mand for information, students participated in a second experiment involving the manipulation of a motivating operation to evoke the mand “Who has it?” All participants successfully acquired the ability to mand for information. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2006.10.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=147

The relationship between autism and psychiatric disorders in Intellectually Disabled Adults / Giampaolo LA MALFA in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1-3 (July/September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 1-3 (July/September 2007) . - p.218-228 Titre : The relationship between autism and psychiatric disorders in Intellectually Disabled Adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Giampaolo LA MALFA, Auteur ; Stefano LASSI, Auteur ; Roberto SALVINI, Auteur ; Chiara GIGANTI, Auteur ; Marco BERTELLI, Auteur ; Giorgio ALBERTINI, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.218-228 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Intellectual-Disability Autism Pervasive-developmental-disorders Vulnerability Psychiatric-disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Intellectual Disability (ID) shows a high comorbidity with psychiatric disorders with a great variability in the prevalence rates. An important subgroup is represented by subjects with ID and autism or other autistic spectrum disorders (PDD). The purpose of the present study was to assess PDD with specific screening tools in a population of people with ID and compare the groups with or without PDD through the administration of a psychopathological scale in order to verify the differences of psychiatric disorders’ rates. The study was conducted on 90 subjects attending daily centres or residential centres in Florence, Italy. In order to assess the presence of PDD, the PDD-MRS was administrated, while for the assessment of the psychopathological aspects we have used the DASH-II. The presence of a psychiatric disorder has a significant effect on anxiety, depression and organic syndromes and statistically significant differences have been registered in many DASH-II subscales. The statistical comparison between the two groups shows that PDD was clearly correlated with an increased presence of psychiatric disorders. The variable PDD could be considered as a vulnerability factor for psychiatric disorders. However there was still the need to focus on categorical diagnoses, in order to increase our knowledge about the concept of vulnerability in people with ID. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2006.10.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148 [article] The relationship between autism and psychiatric disorders in Intellectually Disabled Adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Giampaolo LA MALFA, Auteur ; Stefano LASSI, Auteur ; Roberto SALVINI, Auteur ; Chiara GIGANTI, Auteur ; Marco BERTELLI, Auteur ; Giorgio ALBERTINI, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.218-228. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 1-3 (July/September 2007) . - p.218-228 Mots-clés : Intellectual-Disability Autism Pervasive-developmental-disorders Vulnerability Psychiatric-disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Intellectual Disability (ID) shows a high comorbidity with psychiatric disorders with a great variability in the prevalence rates. An important subgroup is represented by subjects with ID and autism or other autistic spectrum disorders (PDD). The purpose of the present study was to assess PDD with specific screening tools in a population of people with ID and compare the groups with or without PDD through the administration of a psychopathological scale in order to verify the differences of psychiatric disorders’ rates. The study was conducted on 90 subjects attending daily centres or residential centres in Florence, Italy. In order to assess the presence of PDD, the PDD-MRS was administrated, while for the assessment of the psychopathological aspects we have used the DASH-II. The presence of a psychiatric disorder has a significant effect on anxiety, depression and organic syndromes and statistically significant differences have been registered in many DASH-II subscales. The statistical comparison between the two groups shows that PDD was clearly correlated with an increased presence of psychiatric disorders. The variable PDD could be considered as a vulnerability factor for psychiatric disorders. However there was still the need to focus on categorical diagnoses, in order to increase our knowledge about the concept of vulnerability in people with ID. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2006.10.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148

A review of interventions to reduce challenging behavior in school settings for students with autism spectrum disorders / Wendy MACHALICEK in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1-3 (July/September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 1-3 (July/September 2007) . - p.229-246 Titre : A review of interventions to reduce challenging behavior in school settings for students with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Wendy MACHALICEK, Auteur ; Jeff SIGAFOOS, Auteur ; Mark O'REILLY, Auteur ; Giulio E. LANCIONI, Auteur ; Natasha BERETVAS, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.229-246 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Challenging-behavior Autism-spectrum-disorders Schools Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This review evaluates research on the treatment of challenging behavior in school settings for students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Electronic database searches were carried out to identify studies published between 1995 and 2005. Twenty-six studies were identified. A variety of procedures were implemented in these studies to decrease challenging behavior in classrooms. These procedures were classified into four groups: (a) antecedent manipulations, (b) change in instructional context, (c) differential reinforcement, and (d) self-management techniques. The results of these studies indicated that all four classes of procedures were generally effective in reducing challenging behavior. These results are discussed in relation to four issues: (a) the characteristics of the participants, (b) assessment procedures carried out prior to intervention, (c) the feasibility of classroom treatment, and (d) the social validity of intervention procedures. Surprisingly, the effectiveness of a procedure did not seem to be related to completion of a prior functional behavior assessment (FBA). Also, the reported measures of social validity in the studies reviewed here have elicited positive reports from stakeholders, but the utility of these measures, as they have been conceptualized, is questioned. The findings of this review suggest future research directions that are also examined. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2006.10.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148 [article] A review of interventions to reduce challenging behavior in school settings for students with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Wendy MACHALICEK, Auteur ; Jeff SIGAFOOS, Auteur ; Mark O'REILLY, Auteur ; Giulio E. LANCIONI, Auteur ; Natasha BERETVAS, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.229-246. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 1-3 (July/September 2007) . - p.229-246 Mots-clés : Challenging-behavior Autism-spectrum-disorders Schools Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This review evaluates research on the treatment of challenging behavior in school settings for students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Electronic database searches were carried out to identify studies published between 1995 and 2005. Twenty-six studies were identified. A variety of procedures were implemented in these studies to decrease challenging behavior in classrooms. These procedures were classified into four groups: (a) antecedent manipulations, (b) change in instructional context, (c) differential reinforcement, and (d) self-management techniques. The results of these studies indicated that all four classes of procedures were generally effective in reducing challenging behavior. These results are discussed in relation to four issues: (a) the characteristics of the participants, (b) assessment procedures carried out prior to intervention, (c) the feasibility of classroom treatment, and (d) the social validity of intervention procedures. Surprisingly, the effectiveness of a procedure did not seem to be related to completion of a prior functional behavior assessment (FBA). Also, the reported measures of social validity in the studies reviewed here have elicited positive reports from stakeholders, but the utility of these measures, as they have been conceptualized, is questioned. The findings of this review suggest future research directions that are also examined. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2006.10.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148

Parent-implemented natural language paradigm to increase language and play in children with autism / Jill N. GILLETT in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1-3 (July/September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 1-3 (July/September 2007) . - p.247-255 Titre : Parent-implemented natural language paradigm to increase language and play in children with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jill N. GILLETT, Auteur ; Linda A. LEBLANC, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.247-255 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Parent-training Language Play Spontaneous Natural-language-paradigm Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Three parents of children with autism were taught to implement the Natural Language Paradigm (NLP). Data were collected on parent implementation, multiple measures of child language, and play. The parents were able to learn to implement the NLP procedures quickly and accurately with beneficial results for their children. Increases in the overall rate of vocalizations were observed for all three children with a shift from imitative language at the beginning of intervention to spontaneous language at the end of intervention. Clear improvements in play were observed for two of three children while ceiling effects were observed for a third child who already played effectively. In response to a social validity questionnaire, parents indicated that they found the study useful and the NLP procedures simple to implement and that that they would continue to use NLP at home following the conclusion of the study. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2006.09.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148 [article] Parent-implemented natural language paradigm to increase language and play in children with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jill N. GILLETT, Auteur ; Linda A. LEBLANC, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.247-255. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 1-3 (July/September 2007) . - p.247-255 Mots-clés : Autism Parent-training Language Play Spontaneous Natural-language-paradigm Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Three parents of children with autism were taught to implement the Natural Language Paradigm (NLP). Data were collected on parent implementation, multiple measures of child language, and play. The parents were able to learn to implement the NLP procedures quickly and accurately with beneficial results for their children. Increases in the overall rate of vocalizations were observed for all three children with a shift from imitative language at the beginning of intervention to spontaneous language at the end of intervention. Clear improvements in play were observed for two of three children while ceiling effects were observed for a third child who already played effectively. In response to a social validity questionnaire, parents indicated that they found the study useful and the NLP procedures simple to implement and that that they would continue to use NLP at home following the conclusion of the study. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2006.09.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148

Evaluating the effects of a structured program for adults with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities / Guiliana GALLI CARMINATI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1-3 (July/September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 1-3 (July/September 2007) . - p.256-265 Titre : Evaluating the effects of a structured program for adults with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Guiliana GALLI CARMINATI, Auteur ; Olivier BAUD, Auteur ; Fabienne GERBER, Auteur ; Marc André BAUD, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.256-265 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adults Autism-Spectrum-Disorders-(ASD) Intellectual-disability Residential-setting Aberrant-Behaviour-Checklist-(ABC) Behavioural-disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study observes the evolution of persons with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) and profound intellectual disabilities living in residences with a Program for Residents with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) characterised by a different educator's presence ratio and different logistic accommodations. This population is characterised by the need to live in a very structured and predictable environment and greatly benefits from specific programs in residential settings. We evaluated the evolution during 2.5 years of 2 groups of 10 residents using the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist (ABC) and the Children Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Evolution appears to be slow and irregular but we observed significant changes in social withdrawal along the study for one group. Possible implications of this study are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2006.11.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148 [article] Evaluating the effects of a structured program for adults with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Guiliana GALLI CARMINATI, Auteur ; Olivier BAUD, Auteur ; Fabienne GERBER, Auteur ; Marc André BAUD, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.256-265. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 1-3 (July/September 2007) . - p.256-265 Mots-clés : Adults Autism-Spectrum-Disorders-(ASD) Intellectual-disability Residential-setting Aberrant-Behaviour-Checklist-(ABC) Behavioural-disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study observes the evolution of persons with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) and profound intellectual disabilities living in residences with a Program for Residents with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) characterised by a different educator's presence ratio and different logistic accommodations. This population is characterised by the need to live in a very structured and predictable environment and greatly benefits from specific programs in residential settings. We evaluated the evolution during 2.5 years of 2 groups of 10 residents using the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist (ABC) and the Children Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Evolution appears to be slow and irregular but we observed significant changes in social withdrawal along the study for one group. Possible implications of this study are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2006.11.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148

The perception of social and mechanical causality in young children with ASD / Elizabeth RAY in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1-3 (July/September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 1-3 (July/September 2007) . - p.266-280 Titre : The perception of social and mechanical causality in young children with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elizabeth RAY, Auteur ; Anne SCHLOTTMANN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.266-280 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Perceptual-causality ASD Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated perceptual causality in launch and reaction events in children with ASD (CA = 8.4, VMA = 5.1) and mental age matched controls with typical development and learning difficulties. This is of interest because difficulties with global processing in autism suggest that individuals with ASD may not ‘see’ causal Gestalts in general, and specific difficulties with reaction perception could be related to difficulties with TOM. Participants matched pictures depicting mechanical and psychological cause and non-causality to computer animated launch and reaction events and delayed control events. Children with ASD showed the typical response to reaction events, matching them with the picture for psychological cause, but they were impaired in launch perception compared to control participants. We discuss the possibility that event duration may be the critical difference between the causal events. The information allowing identification of a reaction is conveyed over a longer time frame (600 ms here) than in launching (21 ms here). This may allow for the deployment of global processes and/or attentional shifts in reaction, but not launch perception. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2006.11.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148 [article] The perception of social and mechanical causality in young children with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elizabeth RAY, Auteur ; Anne SCHLOTTMANN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.266-280. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 1-3 (July/September 2007) . - p.266-280 Mots-clés : Autism Perceptual-causality ASD Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated perceptual causality in launch and reaction events in children with ASD (CA = 8.4, VMA = 5.1) and mental age matched controls with typical development and learning difficulties. This is of interest because difficulties with global processing in autism suggest that individuals with ASD may not ‘see’ causal Gestalts in general, and specific difficulties with reaction perception could be related to difficulties with TOM. Participants matched pictures depicting mechanical and psychological cause and non-causality to computer animated launch and reaction events and delayed control events. Children with ASD showed the typical response to reaction events, matching them with the picture for psychological cause, but they were impaired in launch perception compared to control participants. We discuss the possibility that event duration may be the critical difference between the causal events. The information allowing identification of a reaction is conveyed over a longer time frame (600 ms here) than in launching (21 ms here). This may allow for the deployment of global processes and/or attentional shifts in reaction, but not launch perception. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2006.11.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148