55 recherche sur le mot-clé 'Executive functioning'

Executive functioning in men and women with an autism spectrum disorder / Michelle KIEP in Autism Research, 10-5 (May 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-5 (May 2017) . - p.940-948 Titre : Executive functioning in men and women with an autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michelle KIEP, Auteur ; Annelies A. SPEK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.940-948 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  executive functioning  gender differences  females with autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Executive functioning (EF) is thought to be linked to autism spectrum disorders (ASD) specific symptoms. The majority of research has focused on children and adolescents with ASD and, therefore, little is known about EF in adults. Furthermore, little is known about gender differences. Ninety-nine men and forty women with ASD were compared with and 35 neurotypical men 25 neurotypical women. Participants were matched on age, total intelligence, and verbal ability. The following instruments were used to measure executive functioning: digit span and letter and number sequencing of the WAIS-III, Tower of Hanoi, WCST, and Verbal fluency. Multiple analysis of variance was conducted to determine group differences. Women with ASD performed worse on the working memory tasks of the WAIS-III than neurotypical women. Furthermore, women with ASD had more perseverations on the WCST than neurotypical women. The gender comparison in the ASD group showed differences in performance on mental flexibility (WCST), working memory (WAIS-III), generativity and self-monitoring (Verbal fluency). However, these differences were unequivocal and no gender specific cognitive profile could be pinpointed. Individual strengths and frailties should be highlighted in clinical practice, as impairments in EF can be under influence of the overall cognitive abilities of the individual. Furthermore, gender differences were found. This could explain differences in representation of ASD symptoms in both groups. These differences show how important thorough diagnostics are. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1721 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=307 [article] Executive functioning in men and women with an autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michelle KIEP, Auteur ; Annelies A. SPEK, Auteur . - p.940-948. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-5 (May 2017) . - p.940-948 Mots-clés : autism  executive functioning  gender differences  females with autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Executive functioning (EF) is thought to be linked to autism spectrum disorders (ASD) specific symptoms. The majority of research has focused on children and adolescents with ASD and, therefore, little is known about EF in adults. Furthermore, little is known about gender differences. Ninety-nine men and forty women with ASD were compared with and 35 neurotypical men 25 neurotypical women. Participants were matched on age, total intelligence, and verbal ability. The following instruments were used to measure executive functioning: digit span and letter and number sequencing of the WAIS-III, Tower of Hanoi, WCST, and Verbal fluency. Multiple analysis of variance was conducted to determine group differences. Women with ASD performed worse on the working memory tasks of the WAIS-III than neurotypical women. Furthermore, women with ASD had more perseverations on the WCST than neurotypical women. The gender comparison in the ASD group showed differences in performance on mental flexibility (WCST), working memory (WAIS-III), generativity and self-monitoring (Verbal fluency). However, these differences were unequivocal and no gender specific cognitive profile could be pinpointed. Individual strengths and frailties should be highlighted in clinical practice, as impairments in EF can be under influence of the overall cognitive abilities of the individual. Furthermore, gender differences were found. This could explain differences in representation of ASD symptoms in both groups. These differences show how important thorough diagnostics are. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1721 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=307

Executive functioning and local-global visual processing: candidate endophenotypes for autism spectrum disorder? / Lien VAN EYLEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-3 (March 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-3 (March 2017) . - p.258-269 Titre : Executive functioning and local-global visual processing: candidate endophenotypes for autism spectrum disorder? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lien VAN EYLEN, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur ; Nele COSEMANS, Auteur ; Hilde PEETERS, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.258-269 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  relatives  intermediate phenotype  executive functioning  central coherence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Heterogeneity within autism spectrum disorder (ASD) hampers insight in the etiology and stimulates the search for endophenotypes. Endophenotypes should meet several criteria, the most important being the association with ASD and the higher occurrence rate in unaffected ASD relatives than in the general population. We evaluated these criteria for executive functioning (EF) and local-global (L-G) visual processing. Methods By administering an extensive cognitive battery which increases the validity of the measures, we examined which of the cognitive anomalies shown by ASD probands also occur in their unaffected relatives (n = 113) compared to typically developing (TD) controls (n = 100). Microarrays were performed, so we could exclude relatives from probands with a de novo mutation in a known ASD susceptibility copy number variant, thus increasing the probability that genetic risk variants are shared by the ASD relatives. An overview of studies investigating EF and L-G processing in ASD relatives was also provided. Results For EF, ASD relatives – like ASD probands – showed impairments in response inhibition, cognitive flexibility and generativity (specifically, ideational fluency), and EF impairments in daily life. For L-G visual processing, the ASD relatives showed no anomalies on the tasks, but they reported more attention to detail in daily life. Group differences were similar for siblings and for parents of ASD probands, and yielded larger effect sizes in a multiplex subsample. The group effect sizes for the comparison between ASD probands and TD individuals were generally larger than those of the ASD relatives compared to TD individuals. Conclusions Impaired cognitive flexibility, ideational fluency and response inhibition are strong candidate endophenotypes for ASD. They could help to delineate etiologically more homogeneous subgroups, which is clinically important to allow assigning ASD probands to different, more targeted, interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12637 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 [article] Executive functioning and local-global visual processing: candidate endophenotypes for autism spectrum disorder? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lien VAN EYLEN, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur ; Nele COSEMANS, Auteur ; Hilde PEETERS, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur . - p.258-269. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-3 (March 2017) . - p.258-269 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  relatives  intermediate phenotype  executive functioning  central coherence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Heterogeneity within autism spectrum disorder (ASD) hampers insight in the etiology and stimulates the search for endophenotypes. Endophenotypes should meet several criteria, the most important being the association with ASD and the higher occurrence rate in unaffected ASD relatives than in the general population. We evaluated these criteria for executive functioning (EF) and local-global (L-G) visual processing. Methods By administering an extensive cognitive battery which increases the validity of the measures, we examined which of the cognitive anomalies shown by ASD probands also occur in their unaffected relatives (n = 113) compared to typically developing (TD) controls (n = 100). Microarrays were performed, so we could exclude relatives from probands with a de novo mutation in a known ASD susceptibility copy number variant, thus increasing the probability that genetic risk variants are shared by the ASD relatives. An overview of studies investigating EF and L-G processing in ASD relatives was also provided. Results For EF, ASD relatives – like ASD probands – showed impairments in response inhibition, cognitive flexibility and generativity (specifically, ideational fluency), and EF impairments in daily life. For L-G visual processing, the ASD relatives showed no anomalies on the tasks, but they reported more attention to detail in daily life. Group differences were similar for siblings and for parents of ASD probands, and yielded larger effect sizes in a multiplex subsample. The group effect sizes for the comparison between ASD probands and TD individuals were generally larger than those of the ASD relatives compared to TD individuals. Conclusions Impaired cognitive flexibility, ideational fluency and response inhibition are strong candidate endophenotypes for ASD. They could help to delineate etiologically more homogeneous subgroups, which is clinically important to allow assigning ASD probands to different, more targeted, interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12637 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303

Executive functioning in children with specific language impairment / Lucy A. HENRY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-1 (January 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-1 (January 2012) . - p.37-45 Titre : Executive functioning in children with specific language impairment Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lucy A. HENRY, Auteur ; David J. MESSER, Auteur ; Gilly NASH, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.37-45 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Specific language impairment  executive functioning  children  verbal IQ  nonverbal IQ Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  A limited range of evidence suggests that children with specific language impairment (SLI) have difficulties with higher order thinking and reasoning skills (executive functioning, EF). This study involved a comprehensive investigation of EF in this population taking into account the contributions of age, nonverbal IQ and verbal ability. Methods:  Ten separate measures of EF were assessed in 160 children: 41 had SLI; 31 had low language/cognitive functioning but did not fulfil the criteria for SLI (low language functioning or LLF); and 88 were typically developing with no language difficulties. Group differences in performance were assessed after controlling for age, nonverbal IQ and verbal ability in a series of regression analyses. Results:  Children with SLI and LLF had significantly lower performance than typical children on 6 of the 10 EF tasks once age and nonverbal IQ had been controlled (verbal and nonverbal executive-loaded working memory, verbal and nonverbal fluency, nonverbal inhibition and nonverbal planning). Performance on these EF tasks remained lower for those in the SLI group even when verbal IQ was entered in the regressions. Conclusions:  Children with language impairments showed marked difficulties on a range of EF tasks. These difficulties were present even when adjustments were made for their verbal abilities. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02430.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148 [article] Executive functioning in children with specific language impairment [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lucy A. HENRY, Auteur ; David J. MESSER, Auteur ; Gilly NASH, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.37-45. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-1 (January 2012) . - p.37-45 Mots-clés : Specific language impairment  executive functioning  children  verbal IQ  nonverbal IQ Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  A limited range of evidence suggests that children with specific language impairment (SLI) have difficulties with higher order thinking and reasoning skills (executive functioning, EF). This study involved a comprehensive investigation of EF in this population taking into account the contributions of age, nonverbal IQ and verbal ability. Methods:  Ten separate measures of EF were assessed in 160 children: 41 had SLI; 31 had low language/cognitive functioning but did not fulfil the criteria for SLI (low language functioning or LLF); and 88 were typically developing with no language difficulties. Group differences in performance were assessed after controlling for age, nonverbal IQ and verbal ability in a series of regression analyses. Results:  Children with SLI and LLF had significantly lower performance than typical children on 6 of the 10 EF tasks once age and nonverbal IQ had been controlled (verbal and nonverbal executive-loaded working memory, verbal and nonverbal fluency, nonverbal inhibition and nonverbal planning). Performance on these EF tasks remained lower for those in the SLI group even when verbal IQ was entered in the regressions. Conclusions:  Children with language impairments showed marked difficulties on a range of EF tasks. These difficulties were present even when adjustments were made for their verbal abilities. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02430.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148

Executive functioning in Cornelia de Lange syndrome: domain asynchrony and age-related performance / D. REID in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 9-1 (December 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.29 Titre : Executive functioning in Cornelia de Lange syndrome: domain asynchrony and age-related performance Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. REID, Auteur ; J. MOSS, Auteur ; L. NELSON, Auteur ; L. GROVES, Auteur ; C. OLIVER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.29 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Behavioural phenotype  CdLS  Cornelia de Lange  Executive functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine executive functioning in adolescents and adults with Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) to identify a syndrome and age-related profile of cognitive impairment. METHODS: Participants were 24 individuals with CdLS aged 13-42 years (M = 22; SD = 8.98), and a comparable contrast group of 21 individuals with Down syndrome (DS) aged 15-33 years (M = 24; SD = 5.82). Measures were selected to test verbal and visual fluency, inhibition, perseverance/flexibility, and working memory and comprised both questionnaire and performance tests. RESULTS: Individuals with CdLS showed significantly greater impairment on tasks requiring flexibility and inhibition (rule switch) and on forwards span capacity. These impairments were also reported in the parent/carer-rated questionnaire measures. Backwards Digit Span was significantly negatively correlated with chronological age in CdLS, indicating increased deficits with age. This was not identified in individuals with DS. CONCLUSIONS: The relative deficits in executive functioning task performance are important in understanding the behavioural phenotype of CdLS. Prospective longitudinal follow-up is required to examine further the changes in executive functioning with age and if these map onto observed changes in behaviour in CdLS. Links with recent research indicating heightened responses to oxidative stress in CdLS may also be important. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9208-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=350 [article] Executive functioning in Cornelia de Lange syndrome: domain asynchrony and age-related performance [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. REID, Auteur ; J. MOSS, Auteur ; L. NELSON, Auteur ; L. GROVES, Auteur ; C. OLIVER, Auteur . - p.29. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.29 Mots-clés : Behavioural phenotype  CdLS  Cornelia de Lange  Executive functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine executive functioning in adolescents and adults with Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) to identify a syndrome and age-related profile of cognitive impairment. METHODS: Participants were 24 individuals with CdLS aged 13-42 years (M = 22; SD = 8.98), and a comparable contrast group of 21 individuals with Down syndrome (DS) aged 15-33 years (M = 24; SD = 5.82). Measures were selected to test verbal and visual fluency, inhibition, perseverance/flexibility, and working memory and comprised both questionnaire and performance tests. RESULTS: Individuals with CdLS showed significantly greater impairment on tasks requiring flexibility and inhibition (rule switch) and on forwards span capacity. These impairments were also reported in the parent/carer-rated questionnaire measures. Backwards Digit Span was significantly negatively correlated with chronological age in CdLS, indicating increased deficits with age. This was not identified in individuals with DS. CONCLUSIONS: The relative deficits in executive functioning task performance are important in understanding the behavioural phenotype of CdLS. Prospective longitudinal follow-up is required to examine further the changes in executive functioning with age and if these map onto observed changes in behaviour in CdLS. Links with recent research indicating heightened responses to oxidative stress in CdLS may also be important. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9208-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=350

Executive functioning in Cornelia de Lange syndrome: domain asynchrony and age-related performance / D. REID in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 9-1 (December 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.29 Titre : Executive functioning in Cornelia de Lange syndrome: domain asynchrony and age-related performance Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. REID, Auteur ; J. MOSS, Auteur ; L. NELSON, Auteur ; L. GROVES, Auteur ; C. OLIVER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.29 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Behavioural phenotype  CdLS  Cornelia de Lange  Executive functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine executive functioning in adolescents and adults with Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) to identify a syndrome and age-related profile of cognitive impairment. METHODS: Participants were 24 individuals with CdLS aged 13-42 years (M = 22; SD = 8.98), and a comparable contrast group of 21 individuals with Down syndrome (DS) aged 15-33 years (M = 24; SD = 5.82). Measures were selected to test verbal and visual fluency, inhibition, perseverance/flexibility, and working memory and comprised both questionnaire and performance tests. RESULTS: Individuals with CdLS showed significantly greater impairment on tasks requiring flexibility and inhibition (rule switch) and on forwards span capacity. These impairments were also reported in the parent/carer-rated questionnaire measures. Backwards Digit Span was significantly negatively correlated with chronological age in CdLS, indicating increased deficits with age. This was not identified in individuals with DS. CONCLUSIONS: The relative deficits in executive functioning task performance are important in understanding the behavioural phenotype of CdLS. Prospective longitudinal follow-up is required to examine further the changes in executive functioning with age and if these map onto observed changes in behaviour in CdLS. Links with recent research indicating heightened responses to oxidative stress in CdLS may also be important. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9208-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=350 [article] Executive functioning in Cornelia de Lange syndrome: domain asynchrony and age-related performance [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. REID, Auteur ; J. MOSS, Auteur ; L. NELSON, Auteur ; L. GROVES, Auteur ; C. OLIVER, Auteur . - p.29. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.29 Mots-clés : Behavioural phenotype  CdLS  Cornelia de Lange  Executive functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine executive functioning in adolescents and adults with Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) to identify a syndrome and age-related profile of cognitive impairment. METHODS: Participants were 24 individuals with CdLS aged 13-42 years (M = 22; SD = 8.98), and a comparable contrast group of 21 individuals with Down syndrome (DS) aged 15-33 years (M = 24; SD = 5.82). Measures were selected to test verbal and visual fluency, inhibition, perseverance/flexibility, and working memory and comprised both questionnaire and performance tests. RESULTS: Individuals with CdLS showed significantly greater impairment on tasks requiring flexibility and inhibition (rule switch) and on forwards span capacity. These impairments were also reported in the parent/carer-rated questionnaire measures. Backwards Digit Span was significantly negatively correlated with chronological age in CdLS, indicating increased deficits with age. This was not identified in individuals with DS. CONCLUSIONS: The relative deficits in executive functioning task performance are important in understanding the behavioural phenotype of CdLS. Prospective longitudinal follow-up is required to examine further the changes in executive functioning with age and if these map onto observed changes in behaviour in CdLS. Links with recent research indicating heightened responses to oxidative stress in CdLS may also be important. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9208-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=350

Brief Report: Performance-Based Executive Functioning Abilities are Associated with Caregiver Report of Adaptive Functioning in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Manisha D. UDHNANI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-12 (December 2020)  

Permalink

Age Related Differences of Executive Functioning Problems in Everyday Life of Children and Adolescents in the Autism Spectrum / Sanne F. W. M. VAN DEN BERGH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44-8 (August 2014)  

Permalink

Autism Symptoms, Executive Functioning and Academic Progress in Higher Education Students / Renee R. DIJKHUIS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-4 (April 2020)  

Permalink

Autism Traits Predict Self-reported Executive Functioning Deficits in Everyday Life and an Aversion to Exercise / L. A. MASON in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-8 (August 2021)  

Permalink

Brief Report: Examining Executive and Social Functioning in Elementary-Aged Children with Autism / Laura MACMULLEN FREEMAN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-6 (June 2017)  

Permalink