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Increasing response variability in children with autism spectrum disorder using lag schedules of reinforcement / Clodagh MURRAY in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-11 (November 2013)
[article]
Titre : Increasing response variability in children with autism spectrum disorder using lag schedules of reinforcement Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Clodagh MURRAY, Auteur ; Olive HEALY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1481-1488 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Response variability Lag schedules Reinforcement U-Value statistic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often present with deficits in variability in responding across multiple repertoires. However, research to date has resulted in little empirical evaluation of remediation strategies for such deficits. We investigated the effects of lag schedules of reinforcement on response variability using a computer-based task designed for the purpose of the study. The U-value statistic was used as a measure of variability in responding to determine if increasing the lag criterion would correspondingly increase levels of variability. Participants included children with ASD (Group 1) and neurotypical children (Group 2). Results showed that U-values were higher when reinforcement was contingent on increased variability, indicating the effectiveness of higher lag values on response variability. A significant difference in response variability between groups provided evidence for the disparity in such responding in children with ASD compared to their neurotypical peers. Group 1 showed consistently lower U-values than Group 2 indicating lower response variability. However, data from this study clearly show that lag schedules of reinforcement may be employed to increase response variability in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.08.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=215
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-11 (November 2013) . - p.1481-1488[article] Increasing response variability in children with autism spectrum disorder using lag schedules of reinforcement [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Clodagh MURRAY, Auteur ; Olive HEALY, Auteur . - p.1481-1488.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-11 (November 2013) . - p.1481-1488
Mots-clés : Response variability Lag schedules Reinforcement U-Value statistic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often present with deficits in variability in responding across multiple repertoires. However, research to date has resulted in little empirical evaluation of remediation strategies for such deficits. We investigated the effects of lag schedules of reinforcement on response variability using a computer-based task designed for the purpose of the study. The U-value statistic was used as a measure of variability in responding to determine if increasing the lag criterion would correspondingly increase levels of variability. Participants included children with ASD (Group 1) and neurotypical children (Group 2). Results showed that U-values were higher when reinforcement was contingent on increased variability, indicating the effectiveness of higher lag values on response variability. A significant difference in response variability between groups provided evidence for the disparity in such responding in children with ASD compared to their neurotypical peers. Group 1 showed consistently lower U-values than Group 2 indicating lower response variability. However, data from this study clearly show that lag schedules of reinforcement may be employed to increase response variability in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.08.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=215 Play skills taught via behavioral intervention generalize, maintain, and persist in the absence of socially mediated reinforcement in children with autism / Russell B. LANG in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8-7 (July 2014)
[article]
Titre : Play skills taught via behavioral intervention generalize, maintain, and persist in the absence of socially mediated reinforcement in children with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Russell B. LANG, Auteur ; Wendy MACHALICEK, Auteur ; Mandy RISPOLI, Auteur ; Mark O’REILLY, Auteur ; Jeff SIGAFOOS, Auteur ; Giulio E. LANCIONI, Auteur ; Nienke PETERS-SCHEFFER, Auteur ; Robert DIDDEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.860-872 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Play Stereotypy Lag schedules Behavioral intervention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract We measured generalization, maintenance and parent reports of child happiness in the context of a behavioral intervention to teach toy-play skills to three young children with autism. Lag schedules of reinforcement were implemented for two participants whose play did not initially generalize. The play skills intervention was conducted within the participants’ early childhood classroom and the utility of teaching play as a means to reduce stereotypy within this setting was also evaluated. A multiple baseline design across participants demonstrated that play taught via behavioral intervention may be maintained after programmed reinforcement is discontinued, generalize across settings and toys (i.e., response and stimulus generalization), and occasion a decrease in stereotypy. Further, the occurrence of play in the absence of socially mediated reinforcement suggested that play taught via behavioral interventions may come to be automatically reinforced. Finally, parent responses on rating scales suggested that two of the participants were happier, in a better mood, and were more interested in appropriate toy-play following behavioral intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.04.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=233
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 8-7 (July 2014) . - p.860-872[article] Play skills taught via behavioral intervention generalize, maintain, and persist in the absence of socially mediated reinforcement in children with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Russell B. LANG, Auteur ; Wendy MACHALICEK, Auteur ; Mandy RISPOLI, Auteur ; Mark O’REILLY, Auteur ; Jeff SIGAFOOS, Auteur ; Giulio E. LANCIONI, Auteur ; Nienke PETERS-SCHEFFER, Auteur ; Robert DIDDEN, Auteur . - p.860-872.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 8-7 (July 2014) . - p.860-872
Mots-clés : Autism Play Stereotypy Lag schedules Behavioral intervention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract We measured generalization, maintenance and parent reports of child happiness in the context of a behavioral intervention to teach toy-play skills to three young children with autism. Lag schedules of reinforcement were implemented for two participants whose play did not initially generalize. The play skills intervention was conducted within the participants’ early childhood classroom and the utility of teaching play as a means to reduce stereotypy within this setting was also evaluated. A multiple baseline design across participants demonstrated that play taught via behavioral intervention may be maintained after programmed reinforcement is discontinued, generalize across settings and toys (i.e., response and stimulus generalization), and occasion a decrease in stereotypy. Further, the occurrence of play in the absence of socially mediated reinforcement suggested that play taught via behavioral interventions may come to be automatically reinforced. Finally, parent responses on rating scales suggested that two of the participants were happier, in a better mood, and were more interested in appropriate toy-play following behavioral intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.04.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=233