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The pupil: a window on social automatic processing in autism spectrum disorder children / Nadia AGUILLON-HERNANDEZ in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-7 (July 2020)
[article]
Titre : The pupil: a window on social automatic processing in autism spectrum disorder children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nadia AGUILLON-HERNANDEZ, Auteur ; Yassine MOFID, Auteur ; Marianne LATINUS, Auteur ; Laetitia ROCHE, Auteur ; Maria Rosa BUFO, Auteur ; Mathieu LEMAIRE, Auteur ; Joëlle MALVY, Auteur ; Joëlle MARTINEAU, Auteur ; Claire WARDAK, Auteur ; Frédérique BONNET-BRILHAULT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.768-778 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Pupil autism spectrum disorder development dynamism emotion faces neutral Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Faces are crucial social stimuli, eliciting automatic processing associated with increased physiological arousal in observers. The level of arousal can be indexed by pupil diameter (the 'Event-Related Pupil Dilation', ERPD). However, many parameters could influence the arousal evoked by a face and its social saliency (e.g. virtual vs. real, neutral vs. emotional, static vs. dynamic). A few studies have shown an atypical ERPD in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients using several kinds of faces but no study has focused on identifying which parameter of the stimulus is the most interfering with face processing in ASD. METHODS: In order to disentangle the influence of these parameters, we propose an original paradigm including stimuli along an ecological social saliency gradient: from static objects to virtual faces to dynamic emotional faces. This strategy was applied to 186 children (78 ASD and 108 typically developing (TD) children) in two pupillometric studies (22 ASD and 47 TD children in the study 1 and 56 ASD and 61 TD children in the study 2). RESULTS: Strikingly, the ERPD in ASD children is insensitive to any of the parameters tested: the ERPD was similar for objects, static faces or dynamic faces. On the opposite, the ERPD in TD children is sensitive to all the parameters tested: the humanoid, biological, dynamic and emotional quality of the stimuli. Moreover, ERPD had a good discriminative power between ASD and TD children: ASD had a larger ERPD than TD in response to virtual faces, while TD had a larger ERPD than ASD for dynamic faces. CONCLUSIONS: This novel approach evidences an abnormal physiological adjustment to socially relevant stimuli in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13170 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-7 (July 2020) . - p.768-778[article] The pupil: a window on social automatic processing in autism spectrum disorder children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nadia AGUILLON-HERNANDEZ, Auteur ; Yassine MOFID, Auteur ; Marianne LATINUS, Auteur ; Laetitia ROCHE, Auteur ; Maria Rosa BUFO, Auteur ; Mathieu LEMAIRE, Auteur ; Joëlle MALVY, Auteur ; Joëlle MARTINEAU, Auteur ; Claire WARDAK, Auteur ; Frédérique BONNET-BRILHAULT, Auteur . - p.768-778.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-7 (July 2020) . - p.768-778
Mots-clés : Pupil autism spectrum disorder development dynamism emotion faces neutral Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Faces are crucial social stimuli, eliciting automatic processing associated with increased physiological arousal in observers. The level of arousal can be indexed by pupil diameter (the 'Event-Related Pupil Dilation', ERPD). However, many parameters could influence the arousal evoked by a face and its social saliency (e.g. virtual vs. real, neutral vs. emotional, static vs. dynamic). A few studies have shown an atypical ERPD in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients using several kinds of faces but no study has focused on identifying which parameter of the stimulus is the most interfering with face processing in ASD. METHODS: In order to disentangle the influence of these parameters, we propose an original paradigm including stimuli along an ecological social saliency gradient: from static objects to virtual faces to dynamic emotional faces. This strategy was applied to 186 children (78 ASD and 108 typically developing (TD) children) in two pupillometric studies (22 ASD and 47 TD children in the study 1 and 56 ASD and 61 TD children in the study 2). RESULTS: Strikingly, the ERPD in ASD children is insensitive to any of the parameters tested: the ERPD was similar for objects, static faces or dynamic faces. On the opposite, the ERPD in TD children is sensitive to all the parameters tested: the humanoid, biological, dynamic and emotional quality of the stimuli. Moreover, ERPD had a good discriminative power between ASD and TD children: ASD had a larger ERPD than TD in response to virtual faces, while TD had a larger ERPD than ASD for dynamic faces. CONCLUSIONS: This novel approach evidences an abnormal physiological adjustment to socially relevant stimuli in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13170 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429 Pupillary responses during a joint attention task are associated with nonverbal cognitive abilities and sub-clinical symptoms of autism / Valentyna ERSTENYUK in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8-6 (June 2014)
[article]
Titre : Pupillary responses during a joint attention task are associated with nonverbal cognitive abilities and sub-clinical symptoms of autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Valentyna ERSTENYUK, Auteur ; Meghan R. SWANSON, Auteur ; Michael SILLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.644-653 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Pupil Joint attention Gaze following Intelligence Broad autism phenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Measures of pupillary dilation provide a temporally sensitive, quantitative indicator of cognitive resource allocation. The current study included 39 typically developing children between 3 and 9 years of age. Children completed a free-viewing task designed to elicit gaze following, a core deficit of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Results revealed a negative association between children's pupil dilation and a standardized measure of nonverbal intelligence, suggesting that children with lower intelligence allocated more cognitive resources than children with higher intelligence. In addition, the results revealed a negative association between pupil dilation and a parent-report measure of sub-clinical symptoms of ASD, suggesting that children with fewer ASD-related symptoms allocated more cognitive resources than children who showed more sub-clinical symptoms of ASD. Both associations were independent of each other and could not be explained by variation in chronological age. These findings extend previous research demonstrating associations between basic aspects of visual processing and intelligence. In addition, these findings comport with recent theories of ASD that emphasize reduced sensitivity to the reward value of social situations. When confronted with social ambiguity, children with more ASD-related symptoms allocated fewer cognitive resources to resolving this ambiguity than children who showed fewer sub-clinical symptoms of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.03.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=232
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 8-6 (June 2014) . - p.644-653[article] Pupillary responses during a joint attention task are associated with nonverbal cognitive abilities and sub-clinical symptoms of autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Valentyna ERSTENYUK, Auteur ; Meghan R. SWANSON, Auteur ; Michael SILLER, Auteur . - p.644-653.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 8-6 (June 2014) . - p.644-653
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Pupil Joint attention Gaze following Intelligence Broad autism phenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Measures of pupillary dilation provide a temporally sensitive, quantitative indicator of cognitive resource allocation. The current study included 39 typically developing children between 3 and 9 years of age. Children completed a free-viewing task designed to elicit gaze following, a core deficit of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Results revealed a negative association between children's pupil dilation and a standardized measure of nonverbal intelligence, suggesting that children with lower intelligence allocated more cognitive resources than children with higher intelligence. In addition, the results revealed a negative association between pupil dilation and a parent-report measure of sub-clinical symptoms of ASD, suggesting that children with fewer ASD-related symptoms allocated more cognitive resources than children who showed more sub-clinical symptoms of ASD. Both associations were independent of each other and could not be explained by variation in chronological age. These findings extend previous research demonstrating associations between basic aspects of visual processing and intelligence. In addition, these findings comport with recent theories of ASD that emphasize reduced sensitivity to the reward value of social situations. When confronted with social ambiguity, children with more ASD-related symptoms allocated fewer cognitive resources to resolving this ambiguity than children who showed fewer sub-clinical symptoms of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.03.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=232 Pupillometric measures of altered stimulus-evoked locus coeruleus-norepinephrine activity explain attenuated social attention in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder / Leonie POLZER in Autism Research, 15-11 (November 2022)
[article]
Titre : Pupillometric measures of altered stimulus-evoked locus coeruleus-norepinephrine activity explain attenuated social attention in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2167-2180 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child Humans Child, Preschool Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis Locus Coeruleus Norepinephrine Attention/physiology Pupil/physiology attention eye-tracking technology preschool pupil Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Attenuated social attention has been described as a reduced preference for social compared to geometric motion in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The locus coeruleus-norpinephrine (LC-NE) system modulates sensory reactivity and is a promising underlying mechanism. LC-NE activity is indexed by a stimulus-evoked pupillary response (SEPR) and partially by a luminance-adaptation pupillary response (LAPR), which were both shown to be aberrant in ASD. We examined whether SEPR and LAPR explain an attenuated social motion preference. We applied pupillometry via video-based eye tracking in young children (18-65 months) with ASD (n = 57) and typically developing (TD) children (n = 39) during a preferential looking paradigm of competing social and geometric motion and a changing light condition paradigm. We found an attenuated social motion preference in the ASD compared to the TD group. This was accompanied by atypical pupillometry showing a smaller SEPR to social motion, a larger SEPR to geometric motion and a reduced LAPR to a dark screen. SEPR but not LAPR explained the group difference in social motion preference. An ASD diagnosis was statistically predicted by the social motion preference, while this effect was mediated by the inclusion of SEPR to geometric and social motion. Our findings suggest a decreased sensory reactivity to social and increased reactivity to non-social motion in ASD, which may concurrently contribute to an attenuated social attention. The LC-NE system is supported as a promising underlying mechanism of altered social attention in young children with ASD, while the specificity of findings remains to be addressed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2818 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488
in Autism Research > 15-11 (November 2022) . - p.2167-2180[article] Pupillometric measures of altered stimulus-evoked locus coeruleus-norepinephrine activity explain attenuated social attention in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur . - p.2167-2180.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 15-11 (November 2022) . - p.2167-2180
Mots-clés : Child Humans Child, Preschool Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis Locus Coeruleus Norepinephrine Attention/physiology Pupil/physiology attention eye-tracking technology preschool pupil Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Attenuated social attention has been described as a reduced preference for social compared to geometric motion in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The locus coeruleus-norpinephrine (LC-NE) system modulates sensory reactivity and is a promising underlying mechanism. LC-NE activity is indexed by a stimulus-evoked pupillary response (SEPR) and partially by a luminance-adaptation pupillary response (LAPR), which were both shown to be aberrant in ASD. We examined whether SEPR and LAPR explain an attenuated social motion preference. We applied pupillometry via video-based eye tracking in young children (18-65 months) with ASD (n = 57) and typically developing (TD) children (n = 39) during a preferential looking paradigm of competing social and geometric motion and a changing light condition paradigm. We found an attenuated social motion preference in the ASD compared to the TD group. This was accompanied by atypical pupillometry showing a smaller SEPR to social motion, a larger SEPR to geometric motion and a reduced LAPR to a dark screen. SEPR but not LAPR explained the group difference in social motion preference. An ASD diagnosis was statistically predicted by the social motion preference, while this effect was mediated by the inclusion of SEPR to geometric and social motion. Our findings suggest a decreased sensory reactivity to social and increased reactivity to non-social motion in ASD, which may concurrently contribute to an attenuated social attention. The LC-NE system is supported as a promising underlying mechanism of altered social attention in young children with ASD, while the specificity of findings remains to be addressed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2818 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488