3 recherche sur le mot-clé 'Retrieval'

Impaired Social Processing in Autism and its Reflections in Memory: A Deeper View of Encoding and Retrieval Processes / Rachel S. BREZIS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44-5 (May 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-5 (May 2014) . - p.1183-1192 Titre : Impaired Social Processing in Autism and its Reflections in Memory: A Deeper View of Encoding and Retrieval Processes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachel S. BREZIS, Auteur ; Tal GALILI, Auteur ; Tiffany WONG, Auteur ; Judith I. PIGGOT, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p.1183-1192 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social memory  Autism  Encoding  Retrieval  Levels of processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies of memory in autism spectrum conditions (ASC) have consistently shown that persons with ASC have reduced memories for social information, relative to a spared memory for non-social facts. The current study aims to reproduce these findings, while examining the possible causes leading to this difference. Participants’ memory for trait-words was tested after they had viewed the words in three study contexts: visuo-motor, letter-detection, and social judgment. While participants with ASC showed a levels-of-processing effect, such that their memory for words viewed in the social judgment context was greater than their memory for words viewed in the letter-detection context, their memory for socially-processed words was reduced relative to comparison participants. This interaction effect could not be explained by a speed/accuracy trade-off, nor could it be explained solely by differences in encoding. These results suggest that social memory deficits in ASC arise from difficulties both in orienting towards and encoding social content, as well as retaining and retrieving it. Implications for theory and clinical practice are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1980-y Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2322 [article] Impaired Social Processing in Autism and its Reflections in Memory: A Deeper View of Encoding and Retrieval Processes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachel S. BREZIS, Auteur ; Tal GALILI, Auteur ; Tiffany WONG, Auteur ; Judith I. PIGGOT, Auteur . - 2014 . - p.1183-1192. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-5 (May 2014) . - p.1183-1192 Mots-clés : Social memory  Autism  Encoding  Retrieval  Levels of processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies of memory in autism spectrum conditions (ASC) have consistently shown that persons with ASC have reduced memories for social information, relative to a spared memory for non-social facts. The current study aims to reproduce these findings, while examining the possible causes leading to this difference. Participants’ memory for trait-words was tested after they had viewed the words in three study contexts: visuo-motor, letter-detection, and social judgment. While participants with ASC showed a levels-of-processing effect, such that their memory for words viewed in the social judgment context was greater than their memory for words viewed in the letter-detection context, their memory for socially-processed words was reduced relative to comparison participants. This interaction effect could not be explained by a speed/accuracy trade-off, nor could it be explained solely by differences in encoding. These results suggest that social memory deficits in ASC arise from difficulties both in orienting towards and encoding social content, as well as retaining and retrieving it. Implications for theory and clinical practice are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1980-y Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2322

The contributions of immediate retrieval and spaced retrieval to word learning in preschoolers with developmental language disorder / Laurence B. LEONARD in Autism & Developmental Language Impairments, 7 (January-December 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism & Developmental Language Impairments > 7 (January-December 2022) . - 23969415221077652 Titre : The contributions of immediate retrieval and spaced retrieval to word learning in preschoolers with developmental language disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laurence B. LEONARD, Auteur ; Justin B. KUESER, Auteur ; Patricia DEEVY, Auteur ; Eileen HAEBIG, Auteur ; Jeffrey D. KARPICKE, Auteur ; Christine WEBER, Auteur Article en page(s) : 23969415221077652 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Developmental language disorder  specific language impairment  retrieval  word learning  word recall Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background and AimsChildren with developmental language disorder (DLD) benefit from word learning procedures that include a mix of immediate retrieval and spaced retrieval trials. In this study, we examine the relative contribution of these two types of retrieval.MethodsWe examine data from Haebig et al. (2019) in their study that compared an immediate retrieval condition and a condition of spaced retrieval that also included immediate retrieval trials. Participants were 4- and 5-year old children with DLD and same-age peers with typical language development. Each child learned novel (made-up) words referring to unusual plants and animals in both conditions. We examined the phonetic accuracy of the novel words used during the final learning trial and during recall tests 5?min and 1 week after learning.ResultsOn the final learning trial, the children were more phonetically accurate in using the novel words learned in the immediate retrieval condition. However, recall tests after the learning trials revealed a decrease in accuracy, especially for the children with DLD. After one week, accuracy was much lower for words in the immediate retrieval condition than for words in the mixed spaced-plus-immediate retrieval condition. For words learned in the mixed spaced-plus-immediate retrieval condition, accuracy was very stable across time for both groups.ConclusionsImmediate retrieval boosts the phonetic accuracy of new words in the short term but spaced retrieval promotes stability and increases the likelihood that short-term gains are maintained.Implications: When novel word learning is assessed at the level of phonetic accuracy, children with DLD can show declines over time not characteristic of children with typical language development. Spaced retrieval procedures augmented by immediate retrieval opportunities during learning appear to prevent such declines, leading to longer-lasting gains. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23969415221077652 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4599 [article] The contributions of immediate retrieval and spaced retrieval to word learning in preschoolers with developmental language disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laurence B. LEONARD, Auteur ; Justin B. KUESER, Auteur ; Patricia DEEVY, Auteur ; Eileen HAEBIG, Auteur ; Jeffrey D. KARPICKE, Auteur ; Christine WEBER, Auteur . - 23969415221077652. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism & Developmental Language Impairments > 7 (January-December 2022) . - 23969415221077652 Mots-clés : Developmental language disorder  specific language impairment  retrieval  word learning  word recall Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background and AimsChildren with developmental language disorder (DLD) benefit from word learning procedures that include a mix of immediate retrieval and spaced retrieval trials. In this study, we examine the relative contribution of these two types of retrieval.MethodsWe examine data from Haebig et al. (2019) in their study that compared an immediate retrieval condition and a condition of spaced retrieval that also included immediate retrieval trials. Participants were 4- and 5-year old children with DLD and same-age peers with typical language development. Each child learned novel (made-up) words referring to unusual plants and animals in both conditions. We examined the phonetic accuracy of the novel words used during the final learning trial and during recall tests 5?min and 1 week after learning.ResultsOn the final learning trial, the children were more phonetically accurate in using the novel words learned in the immediate retrieval condition. However, recall tests after the learning trials revealed a decrease in accuracy, especially for the children with DLD. After one week, accuracy was much lower for words in the immediate retrieval condition than for words in the mixed spaced-plus-immediate retrieval condition. For words learned in the mixed spaced-plus-immediate retrieval condition, accuracy was very stable across time for both groups.ConclusionsImmediate retrieval boosts the phonetic accuracy of new words in the short term but spaced retrieval promotes stability and increases the likelihood that short-term gains are maintained.Implications: When novel word learning is assessed at the level of phonetic accuracy, children with DLD can show declines over time not characteristic of children with typical language development. Spaced retrieval procedures augmented by immediate retrieval opportunities during learning appear to prevent such declines, leading to longer-lasting gains. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23969415221077652 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4599

Verbal memory deficits in relation to organization strategy in high- and low-functioning autistic children / Mei-chun CHEUNG in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 4-4 (October-December 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 4-4 (October-December 2010) . - p.764-771 Titre : Verbal memory deficits in relation to organization strategy in high- and low-functioning autistic children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mei-chun CHEUNG, Auteur ; Agnes S. CHAN, Auteur ; Sophia L. SZE, Auteur ; Winnie Wing-man LEUNG, Auteur ; Cho Yee TO, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.764-771 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Memory  Encoding  Retrieval  Organization  Autism  Children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study examined the verbal memory profile and its relation to organizational strategies in high-functioning (Hi-AUT) and low-functioning (Lo-AUT) children with autism. Twenty-two Hi-AUT and 16 Lo-AUT, and 22 age-, gender- and handedness-matched normal children (NC) were required to remember a list of semantically related words for immediate and delayed recall and recognition. All autistic children showed impaired free recall, a reduced discrimination score and an elevated false alarm rate at recognition. While Hi-AUT children showed encoding and retrieval deficit, Lo-AUT children demonstrated more severe encoding problem and an additional retention difficulty. Lo-AUT, but not the Hi-AUT, children showed impaired semantic clustering. The recall performance in autistic children was not as strongly correlated with semantic clustering as in NC. The dual deficits of encoding and retrieval in autistic children, regardless of functioning level, implicate a frontal-lobe problem commonly observed in autism. The additional retention difficulty shown by low-functioning autistic children may be suggestive of pathological temporal-lobe involvement. The present findings may provide insights into future exploration of memory intervention for autistic children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2010.02.004 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1673 [article] Verbal memory deficits in relation to organization strategy in high- and low-functioning autistic children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mei-chun CHEUNG, Auteur ; Agnes S. CHAN, Auteur ; Sophia L. SZE, Auteur ; Winnie Wing-man LEUNG, Auteur ; Cho Yee TO, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.764-771. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 4-4 (October-December 2010) . - p.764-771 Mots-clés : Memory  Encoding  Retrieval  Organization  Autism  Children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study examined the verbal memory profile and its relation to organizational strategies in high-functioning (Hi-AUT) and low-functioning (Lo-AUT) children with autism. Twenty-two Hi-AUT and 16 Lo-AUT, and 22 age-, gender- and handedness-matched normal children (NC) were required to remember a list of semantically related words for immediate and delayed recall and recognition. All autistic children showed impaired free recall, a reduced discrimination score and an elevated false alarm rate at recognition. While Hi-AUT children showed encoding and retrieval deficit, Lo-AUT children demonstrated more severe encoding problem and an additional retention difficulty. Lo-AUT, but not the Hi-AUT, children showed impaired semantic clustering. The recall performance in autistic children was not as strongly correlated with semantic clustering as in NC. The dual deficits of encoding and retrieval in autistic children, regardless of functioning level, implicate a frontal-lobe problem commonly observed in autism. The additional retention difficulty shown by low-functioning autistic children may be suggestive of pathological temporal-lobe involvement. The present findings may provide insights into future exploration of memory intervention for autistic children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2010.02.004 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1673