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Temporal synchrony and audiovisual integration of speech and object stimuli in autism / Elizabeth SMITH in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 39 (July 2017)
[article]
Titre : Temporal synchrony and audiovisual integration of speech and object stimuli in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Shouling ZHANG, Auteur ; Loisa BENNETTO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.11-19 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Speech processing Audiovisual integration Temporal perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have been shown to have multisensory integration deficits, which may lead to problems perceiving complex, multisensory environments. For example, understanding audiovisual speech requires integration of visual information from the lips and face with auditory information from the voice, and audiovisual speech integration deficits can lead to impaired understanding and comprehension. While there is strong evidence for an audiovisual speech integration impairment in ASD, it is unclear whether this impairment is due to low level perceptual processes that affect all types of audiovisual integration or if it is specific to speech processing. Method Here, we measure audiovisual integration of basic speech (i.e., consonant-vowel utterances) and object stimuli (i.e., a bouncing ball) in adolescents with ASD and well-matched controls. We calculate a temporal window of integration (TWI) using each individual’s ability to identify which of two videos (one temporally aligned and one misaligned) matches auditory stimuli. The TWI measures tolerance for temporal asynchrony between the auditory and visual streams, and is an important feature of audiovisual perception. Results While controls showed similar tolerance of asynchrony for the simple speech and object stimuli, individuals with ASD did not. Specifically, individuals with ASD showed less tolerance of asynchrony for speech stimuli compared to object stimuli. In individuals with ASD, decreased tolerance for asynchrony in speech stimuli was associated with higher ratings of autism symptom severity. Conclusions These results suggest that audiovisual perception in ASD may vary for speech and object stimuli beyond what can be accounted for by stimulus complexity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.04.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 39 (July 2017) . - p.11-19[article] Temporal synchrony and audiovisual integration of speech and object stimuli in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Shouling ZHANG, Auteur ; Loisa BENNETTO, Auteur . - p.11-19.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 39 (July 2017) . - p.11-19
Mots-clés : Speech processing Audiovisual integration Temporal perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have been shown to have multisensory integration deficits, which may lead to problems perceiving complex, multisensory environments. For example, understanding audiovisual speech requires integration of visual information from the lips and face with auditory information from the voice, and audiovisual speech integration deficits can lead to impaired understanding and comprehension. While there is strong evidence for an audiovisual speech integration impairment in ASD, it is unclear whether this impairment is due to low level perceptual processes that affect all types of audiovisual integration or if it is specific to speech processing. Method Here, we measure audiovisual integration of basic speech (i.e., consonant-vowel utterances) and object stimuli (i.e., a bouncing ball) in adolescents with ASD and well-matched controls. We calculate a temporal window of integration (TWI) using each individual’s ability to identify which of two videos (one temporally aligned and one misaligned) matches auditory stimuli. The TWI measures tolerance for temporal asynchrony between the auditory and visual streams, and is an important feature of audiovisual perception. Results While controls showed similar tolerance of asynchrony for the simple speech and object stimuli, individuals with ASD did not. Specifically, individuals with ASD showed less tolerance of asynchrony for speech stimuli compared to object stimuli. In individuals with ASD, decreased tolerance for asynchrony in speech stimuli was associated with higher ratings of autism symptom severity. Conclusions These results suggest that audiovisual perception in ASD may vary for speech and object stimuli beyond what can be accounted for by stimulus complexity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.04.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 Differences in Neural Correlates of Speech Perception in 3 Month Olds at High and Low Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder / Laura A. EDWARDS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-10 (October 2017)
[article]
Titre : Differences in Neural Correlates of Speech Perception in 3 Month Olds at High and Low Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura A. EDWARDS, Auteur ; Jennifer B. WAGNER, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur ; Charles A. NELSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3125-3138 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders Near infrared spectroscopy Speech processing Infancy Endophenotype Language Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this study, we investigated neural precursors of language acquisition as potential endophenotypes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in 3-month-old infants at high and low familial ASD risk. Infants were imaged using functional near-infrared spectroscopy while they listened to auditory stimuli containing syllable repetitions; their neural responses were analyzed over left and right temporal regions. While female low risk infants showed initial neural activation that decreased over exposure to repetition-based stimuli, potentially indicating a habituation response to repetition in speech, female high risk infants showed no changes in neural activity over exposure. This finding may indicate a potential neural endophenotype of language development or ASD specific to females at risk for the disorder. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3222-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=319
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-10 (October 2017) . - p.3125-3138[article] Differences in Neural Correlates of Speech Perception in 3 Month Olds at High and Low Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura A. EDWARDS, Auteur ; Jennifer B. WAGNER, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur ; Charles A. NELSON, Auteur . - p.3125-3138.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-10 (October 2017) . - p.3125-3138
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders Near infrared spectroscopy Speech processing Infancy Endophenotype Language Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this study, we investigated neural precursors of language acquisition as potential endophenotypes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in 3-month-old infants at high and low familial ASD risk. Infants were imaged using functional near-infrared spectroscopy while they listened to auditory stimuli containing syllable repetitions; their neural responses were analyzed over left and right temporal regions. While female low risk infants showed initial neural activation that decreased over exposure to repetition-based stimuli, potentially indicating a habituation response to repetition in speech, female high risk infants showed no changes in neural activity over exposure. This finding may indicate a potential neural endophenotype of language development or ASD specific to females at risk for the disorder. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3222-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=319 Event-related potentials to repeated speech in 9-month-old infants at risk for autism spectrum disorder / A. SEERY in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 6-1 (December 2014)
[article]
Titre : Event-related potentials to repeated speech in 9-month-old infants at risk for autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. SEERY, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur ; C. A. NELSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.43 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Auditory evoked potentials Autism spectrum disorders Endophenotype Event-related potentials Infancy Language Speech processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Atypical neural responses to repeated auditory and linguistic stimuli have been reported both in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their first-degree relatives. Recent work suggests that the younger siblings of children with ASD have atypical event-related potentials (ERPs) to repeated tones at 9 months of age; however, the functional significance is unclear, and it is unknown whether this atypicality is also present in response to linguistic stimuli. METHODS: We analyzed ERPs to repetitive and deviant consonant-vowel stimuli at 9 months in 35 unaffected high-risk-for-autism (HRA) infant siblings of children with ASD and 45 low-risk control (LRC) infants. We examined a positive component, the P150, over frontal and central electrode sites and investigated the relationships between this component and later behavior. RESULTS: Over frontal electrodes, HRA infants had larger-amplitude ERPs to repetitions of the standard than LRC infants, whereas ERPs to the deviant did not differ between HRA and LRC infants. Furthermore, for HRA infants, the amplitude of ERPs to the standards was positively correlated with later language ability. CONCLUSIONS: Our work suggests that atypical ERPs to repeated speech during infancy are a possible endophenotype of ASD but that this atypicality is associated with beneficial, rather than disordered, language development. Potential mechanisms driving these relationships and implications for development are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-43 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.43[article] Event-related potentials to repeated speech in 9-month-old infants at risk for autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. SEERY, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur ; C. A. NELSON, Auteur . - p.43.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.43
Mots-clés : Auditory evoked potentials Autism spectrum disorders Endophenotype Event-related potentials Infancy Language Speech processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Atypical neural responses to repeated auditory and linguistic stimuli have been reported both in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their first-degree relatives. Recent work suggests that the younger siblings of children with ASD have atypical event-related potentials (ERPs) to repeated tones at 9 months of age; however, the functional significance is unclear, and it is unknown whether this atypicality is also present in response to linguistic stimuli. METHODS: We analyzed ERPs to repetitive and deviant consonant-vowel stimuli at 9 months in 35 unaffected high-risk-for-autism (HRA) infant siblings of children with ASD and 45 low-risk control (LRC) infants. We examined a positive component, the P150, over frontal and central electrode sites and investigated the relationships between this component and later behavior. RESULTS: Over frontal electrodes, HRA infants had larger-amplitude ERPs to repetitions of the standard than LRC infants, whereas ERPs to the deviant did not differ between HRA and LRC infants. Furthermore, for HRA infants, the amplitude of ERPs to the standards was positively correlated with later language ability. CONCLUSIONS: Our work suggests that atypical ERPs to repeated speech during infancy are a possible endophenotype of ASD but that this atypicality is associated with beneficial, rather than disordered, language development. Potential mechanisms driving these relationships and implications for development are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-43 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347 Lateralization of ERPs to speech and handedness in the early development of Autism Spectrum Disorder / K. H. FINCH in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 9-1 (December 2017)
[article]
Titre : Lateralization of ERPs to speech and handedness in the early development of Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : K. H. FINCH, Auteur ; A. M. SEERY, Auteur ; Meagan R. TALBOTT, Auteur ; C. A. NELSON, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders Event-related potentials Handedness Lateralization Speech processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Language is a highly lateralized function, with typically developing individuals showing left hemispheric specialization. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often show reduced or reversed hemispheric lateralization in response to language. However, it is unclear when this difference emerges and whether or not it can serve as an early ASD biomarker. Additionally, atypical language lateralization is not specific to ASD as it is also seen more frequently in individuals with mixed- and left-handedness. Here, we examined early asymmetry patterns measured through neural responses to speech sounds at 12 months and behavioral observations of handedness at 36 months in children with and without ASD. METHODS: Three different groups of children participated in the study: low-risk controls (LRC), high risk for ASD (HRA; infants with older sibling with ASD) without ASD, and HRA infants who later receive a diagnosis of ASD (ASD). Event-related potentials (ERPs) to speech sounds were recorded at 12 months. Utilizing a novel observational approach, handedness was measured by hand preference on a variety of behaviors at 36 months. RESULTS: At 12 months, lateralization patterns of ERPs to speech stimuli differed across the groups with the ASD group showing reversed lateralization compared to the LRC group. At 36 months, factor analysis of behavioral observations of hand preferences indicated a one-factor model with medium to high factor loadings. A composite handedness score was derived; no group differences were observed. There was no association between lateralization to speech at 12 months and handedness at 36 months in the LRC and HRA groups. However, children with ASD did show an association such that infants with lateralization patterns more similar to the LRC group at 12 months were stronger right-handers at 36 months. CONCLUSIONS: These results highlight early developmental patterns that might be specific to ASD, including a potential early biomarker of reversed lateralization to speech stimuli at 12 months, and a relation between behavioral and neural asymmetries. Future investigations of early asymmetry patterns, especially atypical hemispheric specialization, may be informative in the early identification of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9185-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=349
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.4[article] Lateralization of ERPs to speech and handedness in the early development of Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / K. H. FINCH, Auteur ; A. M. SEERY, Auteur ; Meagan R. TALBOTT, Auteur ; C. A. NELSON, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur . - p.4.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.4
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders Event-related potentials Handedness Lateralization Speech processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Language is a highly lateralized function, with typically developing individuals showing left hemispheric specialization. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often show reduced or reversed hemispheric lateralization in response to language. However, it is unclear when this difference emerges and whether or not it can serve as an early ASD biomarker. Additionally, atypical language lateralization is not specific to ASD as it is also seen more frequently in individuals with mixed- and left-handedness. Here, we examined early asymmetry patterns measured through neural responses to speech sounds at 12 months and behavioral observations of handedness at 36 months in children with and without ASD. METHODS: Three different groups of children participated in the study: low-risk controls (LRC), high risk for ASD (HRA; infants with older sibling with ASD) without ASD, and HRA infants who later receive a diagnosis of ASD (ASD). Event-related potentials (ERPs) to speech sounds were recorded at 12 months. Utilizing a novel observational approach, handedness was measured by hand preference on a variety of behaviors at 36 months. RESULTS: At 12 months, lateralization patterns of ERPs to speech stimuli differed across the groups with the ASD group showing reversed lateralization compared to the LRC group. At 36 months, factor analysis of behavioral observations of hand preferences indicated a one-factor model with medium to high factor loadings. A composite handedness score was derived; no group differences were observed. There was no association between lateralization to speech at 12 months and handedness at 36 months in the LRC and HRA groups. However, children with ASD did show an association such that infants with lateralization patterns more similar to the LRC group at 12 months were stronger right-handers at 36 months. CONCLUSIONS: These results highlight early developmental patterns that might be specific to ASD, including a potential early biomarker of reversed lateralization to speech stimuli at 12 months, and a relation between behavioral and neural asymmetries. Future investigations of early asymmetry patterns, especially atypical hemispheric specialization, may be informative in the early identification of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9185-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=349