4 recherche sur le mot-clé 'brain anatomy'

Relationship Between Surface-Based Brain Morphometric Measures and Intelligence in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Influence of History of Language Delay / Joana Bisol BALARDIN in Autism Research, 8-5 (October 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-5 (October 2015) . - p.556-566 Titre : Relationship Between Surface-Based Brain Morphometric Measures and Intelligence in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Influence of History of Language Delay Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joana Bisol BALARDIN, Auteur ; João Ricardo SATO, Auteur ; Gilson VIEIRA, Auteur ; Yeu FENG, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Mrc Aims CONSORTIUM, Auteur ; Declan MURPHY, Auteur ; Christine ECKER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.556-566 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  Asperger syndrome  brain anatomy  intelligence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of conditions that show abnormalities in the neuroanatomy of multiple brain regions. The variability in the development of intelligence and language among individuals on the autism spectrum has long been acknowledged, but it remains unknown whether these differences impact on the neuropathology of ASD. In this study, we aimed to compare associations between surface-based regional brain measures and general intelligence (IQ) scores in ASD individuals with and without a history of language delay. We included 64 ASD adults of normal intelligence (37 without a history of language delay and 27 with a history of language delay and 80 neurotypicals). Regions with a significant association between verbal and nonverbal IQ and measures of cortical thickness (CT), surface area, and cortical volume were first identified in the combined sample of individuals with ASD and controls. Thicker dorsal frontal and temporal cortices, and thinner lateral orbital frontal and parieto-occipital cortices were associated with greater and lower verbal IQ scores, respectively. Correlations between cortical volume and verbal IQ were observed in similar regions as revealed by the CT analysis. A significant difference between ASD individuals with and without a history of language delay in the association between CT and verbal IQ was evident in the parieto-occipital region. These results indicate that ASD subgroups defined on the basis of differential language trajectories in childhood can have different associations between verbal IQ and brain measures in adulthood despite achieving similar levels of cognitive performance. Autism Res 2015, 8: 556–566. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1470 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 [article] Relationship Between Surface-Based Brain Morphometric Measures and Intelligence in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Influence of History of Language Delay [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joana Bisol BALARDIN, Auteur ; João Ricardo SATO, Auteur ; Gilson VIEIRA, Auteur ; Yeu FENG, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Mrc Aims CONSORTIUM, Auteur ; Declan MURPHY, Auteur ; Christine ECKER, Auteur . - p.556-566. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-5 (October 2015) . - p.556-566 Mots-clés : autism  Asperger syndrome  brain anatomy  intelligence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of conditions that show abnormalities in the neuroanatomy of multiple brain regions. The variability in the development of intelligence and language among individuals on the autism spectrum has long been acknowledged, but it remains unknown whether these differences impact on the neuropathology of ASD. In this study, we aimed to compare associations between surface-based regional brain measures and general intelligence (IQ) scores in ASD individuals with and without a history of language delay. We included 64 ASD adults of normal intelligence (37 without a history of language delay and 27 with a history of language delay and 80 neurotypicals). Regions with a significant association between verbal and nonverbal IQ and measures of cortical thickness (CT), surface area, and cortical volume were first identified in the combined sample of individuals with ASD and controls. Thicker dorsal frontal and temporal cortices, and thinner lateral orbital frontal and parieto-occipital cortices were associated with greater and lower verbal IQ scores, respectively. Correlations between cortical volume and verbal IQ were observed in similar regions as revealed by the CT analysis. A significant difference between ASD individuals with and without a history of language delay in the association between CT and verbal IQ was evident in the parieto-occipital region. These results indicate that ASD subgroups defined on the basis of differential language trajectories in childhood can have different associations between verbal IQ and brain measures in adulthood despite achieving similar levels of cognitive performance. Autism Res 2015, 8: 556–566. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1470 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270

Neuroanatomical underpinnings of autism symptomatology in carriers and non-carriers of the 22q11.2 microdeletion / Maria GUDBRANDSEN in Molecular Autism, 11 (2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 46 p. Titre : Neuroanatomical underpinnings of autism symptomatology in carriers and non-carriers of the 22q11.2 microdeletion Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maria GUDBRANDSEN, Auteur ; Anke BLETSCH, Auteur ; Caroline MANN, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Vladimira STOENCHEVA, Auteur ; Charlotte E. BLACKMORE, Auteur ; Maria ROGDAKI, Auteur ; Leila KUSHAN, Auteur ; Carrie E. BEARDEN, Auteur ; Declan G. M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Michael C. CRAIG, Auteur ; Christine ECKER, Auteur Article en page(s) : 46 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : 22q11.2 deletion syndrome  Autism spectrum disorder  Brain anatomy  Neurodevelopment  Surface-based anatomy  authors reported any financial interests or conflicts of interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: A crucial step to understanding the mechanistic underpinnings of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is to examine if the biological underpinnings of ASD in genetic high-risk conditions, like 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS), are similar to those in idiopathic illness. This study aimed to examine if ASD symptomatology in 22q11.2DS is underpinned by the same-or distinct-neural systems that mediate these symptoms in non-deletion carriers. METHODS: We examined vertex-wise estimates of cortical volume (CV), surface area (SA), and cortical thickness across 131 individuals between 6 and 25?years of age including (1) 50 individuals with 22q11.2DS, out of which n = 25 had a diagnosis of ASD, (2) 40 non-carriers of the microdeletion with a diagnosis of ASD (i.e., idiopathic ASD), and (3) 41 typically developing (TD) controls. We employed a 2-by-2 factorial design to identify neuroanatomical variability associated with the main effects of 22q11.2DS and ASD, as well as their interaction. Further, using canonical correlation analysis (CCA), we compared neuroanatomical variability associated with the complex (i.e., multivariate) clinical phenotype of ASD between 22q11.2 deletion carriers and non-carriers. RESULTS: The set of brain regions associated with the main effect of 22q11.2DS was distinct from the neuroanatomical underpinnings of the main effect of ASD. Moreover, significant 22q11.2DS-by-ASD interactions were observed for CV and SA in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, precentral gyrus, and posterior cingulate cortex, suggesting that the neuroanatomy of ASD is significantly modulated by 22q11.2DS (p < 0.01). We further established that the multivariate patterns of neuroanatomical variability associated with differences in symptom profiles significantly differed between 22q11.2 deletion carriers and non-carriers. LIMITATIONS: We employed a multicenter design to overcome single-site recruitment limitations; however, FreeSurfer-derived measures of surface anatomy have been shown to be highly reliable across scanner platforms and field strengths. Further, we controlled for gender to address the differing distribution between idiopathic ASD individuals and the other groups. Nonetheless, the gender distribution in our sample reflects that of the respective populations, adding to the generalizability of our results. Last, we included individuals with a relatively wide age range (i.e., 6-25?years). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that neuroanatomical correlates of ASD symptomatology in carriers of the 22q11.2 microdeletion diverge from those in idiopathic ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00356-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427 [article] Neuroanatomical underpinnings of autism symptomatology in carriers and non-carriers of the 22q11.2 microdeletion [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maria GUDBRANDSEN, Auteur ; Anke BLETSCH, Auteur ; Caroline MANN, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Vladimira STOENCHEVA, Auteur ; Charlotte E. BLACKMORE, Auteur ; Maria ROGDAKI, Auteur ; Leila KUSHAN, Auteur ; Carrie E. BEARDEN, Auteur ; Declan G. M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Michael C. CRAIG, Auteur ; Christine ECKER, Auteur . - 46 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 46 p. Mots-clés : 22q11.2 deletion syndrome  Autism spectrum disorder  Brain anatomy  Neurodevelopment  Surface-based anatomy  authors reported any financial interests or conflicts of interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: A crucial step to understanding the mechanistic underpinnings of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is to examine if the biological underpinnings of ASD in genetic high-risk conditions, like 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS), are similar to those in idiopathic illness. This study aimed to examine if ASD symptomatology in 22q11.2DS is underpinned by the same-or distinct-neural systems that mediate these symptoms in non-deletion carriers. METHODS: We examined vertex-wise estimates of cortical volume (CV), surface area (SA), and cortical thickness across 131 individuals between 6 and 25?years of age including (1) 50 individuals with 22q11.2DS, out of which n = 25 had a diagnosis of ASD, (2) 40 non-carriers of the microdeletion with a diagnosis of ASD (i.e., idiopathic ASD), and (3) 41 typically developing (TD) controls. We employed a 2-by-2 factorial design to identify neuroanatomical variability associated with the main effects of 22q11.2DS and ASD, as well as their interaction. Further, using canonical correlation analysis (CCA), we compared neuroanatomical variability associated with the complex (i.e., multivariate) clinical phenotype of ASD between 22q11.2 deletion carriers and non-carriers. RESULTS: The set of brain regions associated with the main effect of 22q11.2DS was distinct from the neuroanatomical underpinnings of the main effect of ASD. Moreover, significant 22q11.2DS-by-ASD interactions were observed for CV and SA in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, precentral gyrus, and posterior cingulate cortex, suggesting that the neuroanatomy of ASD is significantly modulated by 22q11.2DS (p < 0.01). We further established that the multivariate patterns of neuroanatomical variability associated with differences in symptom profiles significantly differed between 22q11.2 deletion carriers and non-carriers. LIMITATIONS: We employed a multicenter design to overcome single-site recruitment limitations; however, FreeSurfer-derived measures of surface anatomy have been shown to be highly reliable across scanner platforms and field strengths. Further, we controlled for gender to address the differing distribution between idiopathic ASD individuals and the other groups. Nonetheless, the gender distribution in our sample reflects that of the respective populations, adding to the generalizability of our results. Last, we included individuals with a relatively wide age range (i.e., 6-25?years). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that neuroanatomical correlates of ASD symptomatology in carriers of the 22q11.2 microdeletion diverge from those in idiopathic ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00356-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427

The neuroanatomy of autism spectrum disorder: An overview of structural neuroimaging findings and their translatability to the clinical setting / Christine ECKER in Autism, 21-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 21-1 (January 2017) . - p.18-28 Titre : The neuroanatomy of autism spectrum disorder: An overview of structural neuroimaging findings and their translatability to the clinical setting Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christine ECKER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.18-28 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  biomarker  brain anatomy  neurodevelopment  structural neuroimaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, which is accompanied by differences in brain anatomy, functioning and brain connectivity. Due to its neurodevelopmental character, and the large phenotypic heterogeneity among individuals on the autism spectrum, the neurobiology of autism spectrum disorder is inherently difficult to describe. Nevertheless, significant progress has been made in characterizing the neuroanatomical underpinnings of autism spectrum disorder across the human life span, and in identifying the molecular pathways that may be affected in autism spectrum disorder. Moreover, novel methodological frameworks for analyzing neuroimaging data are emerging that make it possible to characterize the neuroanatomy of autism spectrum disorder on the case level, and to stratify individuals based on their individual phenotypic make up. While these approaches are increasingly more often employed in the research setting, their applicability in the clinical setting remains a vision for the future. The aim of the current review is to (1) provide a general overview of recent structural neuroimaging findings examining the neuroanatomy of autism spectrum disorder across the human life span, and in males and females with the condition, (2) highlight potential neuroimaging (bio)markers that may in the future be used for the stratification of autism spectrum disorder individuals into biologically homogeneous subgroups and (3) inform treatment and intervention strategies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315627136 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=297 [article] The neuroanatomy of autism spectrum disorder: An overview of structural neuroimaging findings and their translatability to the clinical setting [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christine ECKER, Auteur . - p.18-28. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 21-1 (January 2017) . - p.18-28 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  biomarker  brain anatomy  neurodevelopment  structural neuroimaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, which is accompanied by differences in brain anatomy, functioning and brain connectivity. Due to its neurodevelopmental character, and the large phenotypic heterogeneity among individuals on the autism spectrum, the neurobiology of autism spectrum disorder is inherently difficult to describe. Nevertheless, significant progress has been made in characterizing the neuroanatomical underpinnings of autism spectrum disorder across the human life span, and in identifying the molecular pathways that may be affected in autism spectrum disorder. Moreover, novel methodological frameworks for analyzing neuroimaging data are emerging that make it possible to characterize the neuroanatomy of autism spectrum disorder on the case level, and to stratify individuals based on their individual phenotypic make up. While these approaches are increasingly more often employed in the research setting, their applicability in the clinical setting remains a vision for the future. The aim of the current review is to (1) provide a general overview of recent structural neuroimaging findings examining the neuroanatomy of autism spectrum disorder across the human life span, and in males and females with the condition, (2) highlight potential neuroimaging (bio)markers that may in the future be used for the stratification of autism spectrum disorder individuals into biologically homogeneous subgroups and (3) inform treatment and intervention strategies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315627136 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=297

The effect of age on vertex-based measures of the grey-white matter tissue contrast in autism spectrum disorder / C. MANN in Molecular Autism, 9 (2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 49p. Titre : The effect of age on vertex-based measures of the grey-white matter tissue contrast in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. MANN, Auteur ; Anke BLETSCH, Auteur ; D. ANDREWS, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur ; C. MURPHY, Auteur ; D. MURPHY, Auteur ; C. ECKER, Auteur Article en page(s) : 49p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Brain anatomy  Neurodevelopment  Neuroimaging  Structural MRI  Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe-University  Frankfurt am Main, Deutschordenstrasse 50, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany  DA, PhD, The  Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute and  Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, UC Davis School of Medicine,  University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA  ED, PhD and CM, PhD,  Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute  for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry,  Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United  Kingdom  DM, Professor, Head of Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental  Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental  Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's  College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom  CE, Professor, Department of  Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University  Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Deutschordenstrasse 50, 60528  Frankfurt, Germany and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences,  and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences,  Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College  London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.All participants gave informed written  consent in accordance with the ethics approval by the National Research Ethics  Committee, Suffolk, England.Not applicable.The authors declare that they have no  competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional  claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Histological evidence suggests that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is accompanied by a reduced integrity of the grey-white matter boundary. This has also recently been confirmed by a structural neuroimaging study in vivo reporting significantly reduced grey-white matter tissue contrast (GWC) in adult individuals (18-42 years of age) with ASD relative to typically developing (TD) controls. However, it remains unknown whether the neuroanatomical differences in ASD at the grey-white matter boundary are stable across development or are age-dependent. Methods: Here, we examined differences in the neurodevelopmental trajectories of GWC in a cross-sectional sample of 77 male ASD individuals and 76 typically developing (TD) controls across childhood and early adulthood (from 7 to 25 years). Results: Using nested model comparisons, we first established that the developmental trajectory of GWC is complex in many regions across the cortex and includes linear and non-linear effects of age. Second, while ASD individuals have significantly reduced GWC overall, these differences are age-dependent and are most prominent during childhood (< 15 years). Conclusions: Taken together, our findings suggest that differences in GWC in ASD are unlikely to reflect atypical grey matter cytoarchitecture alone, but may also represent other aspects of the cortical architecture such as age-dependent variability in myelin integrity. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0232-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371 [article] The effect of age on vertex-based measures of the grey-white matter tissue contrast in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. MANN, Auteur ; Anke BLETSCH, Auteur ; D. ANDREWS, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur ; C. MURPHY, Auteur ; D. MURPHY, Auteur ; C. ECKER, Auteur . - 49p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 49p. Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Brain anatomy  Neurodevelopment  Neuroimaging  Structural MRI  Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe-University  Frankfurt am Main, Deutschordenstrasse 50, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany  DA, PhD, The  Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute and  Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, UC Davis School of Medicine,  University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA  ED, PhD and CM, PhD,  Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute  for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry,  Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United  Kingdom  DM, Professor, Head of Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental  Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental  Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's  College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom  CE, Professor, Department of  Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University  Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Deutschordenstrasse 50, 60528  Frankfurt, Germany and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences,  and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences,  Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College  London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.All participants gave informed written  consent in accordance with the ethics approval by the National Research Ethics  Committee, Suffolk, England.Not applicable.The authors declare that they have no  competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional  claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Histological evidence suggests that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is accompanied by a reduced integrity of the grey-white matter boundary. This has also recently been confirmed by a structural neuroimaging study in vivo reporting significantly reduced grey-white matter tissue contrast (GWC) in adult individuals (18-42 years of age) with ASD relative to typically developing (TD) controls. However, it remains unknown whether the neuroanatomical differences in ASD at the grey-white matter boundary are stable across development or are age-dependent. Methods: Here, we examined differences in the neurodevelopmental trajectories of GWC in a cross-sectional sample of 77 male ASD individuals and 76 typically developing (TD) controls across childhood and early adulthood (from 7 to 25 years). Results: Using nested model comparisons, we first established that the developmental trajectory of GWC is complex in many regions across the cortex and includes linear and non-linear effects of age. Second, while ASD individuals have significantly reduced GWC overall, these differences are age-dependent and are most prominent during childhood (< 15 years). Conclusions: Taken together, our findings suggest that differences in GWC in ASD are unlikely to reflect atypical grey matter cytoarchitecture alone, but may also represent other aspects of the cortical architecture such as age-dependent variability in myelin integrity. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0232-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371