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Can you spot a liar? Deception, mindreading, and the case of autism spectrum disorder / D. M. WILLIAMS in Autism Research, 11-8 (August 2018)
[article]
Titre : Can you spot a liar? Deception, mindreading, and the case of autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. M. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; T. NICHOLSON, Auteur ; C. GRAINGER, Auteur ; S. E. LIND, Auteur ; P. CARRUTHERS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1129-1137 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder deception lie detection metacognition mindreading social cognition theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Detection of deception is of fundamental importance for everyday social life and might require "mindreading" (the ability to represent others' mental states). People with diminished mindreading, such as those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), might be at risk of manipulation because of lie detection difficulties. In Experiment 1, performance among 216 neurotypical adults on a realistic lie detection paradigm was significantly negatively associated with number of ASD traits, but not with mindreading ability. Bayesian analyses complemented null hypothesis significance testing and suggested the data supported the alternative hypothesis in this key respect. Cross validation of results was achieved by randomly splitting the full sample into two subsamples of 108 and rerunning analyses. The association between lie detection and ASD traits held in both subsamples, showing the reliability of findings. In Experiment 2, lie detection was significantly impaired in 27 adults with a diagnosis of ASD relative to 27 matched comparison participants. Results suggest that people with ASD (or ASD traits) may be particularly vulnerable to manipulation and may benefit from lie detection training. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1129-1137. (c) 2018 The Authors Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Detection of deception is of fundamental importance for everyday social life. People with diminished understanding of other minds, such as those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), might be at risk of manipulation because of lie detection difficulties. We found that lie detection ability was related to how many ASD traits neurotypical people manifested and also was significantly diminished among adults with a full diagnosis of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1962 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369
in Autism Research > 11-8 (August 2018) . - p.1129-1137[article] Can you spot a liar? Deception, mindreading, and the case of autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. M. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; T. NICHOLSON, Auteur ; C. GRAINGER, Auteur ; S. E. LIND, Auteur ; P. CARRUTHERS, Auteur . - p.1129-1137.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 11-8 (August 2018) . - p.1129-1137
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder deception lie detection metacognition mindreading social cognition theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Detection of deception is of fundamental importance for everyday social life and might require "mindreading" (the ability to represent others' mental states). People with diminished mindreading, such as those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), might be at risk of manipulation because of lie detection difficulties. In Experiment 1, performance among 216 neurotypical adults on a realistic lie detection paradigm was significantly negatively associated with number of ASD traits, but not with mindreading ability. Bayesian analyses complemented null hypothesis significance testing and suggested the data supported the alternative hypothesis in this key respect. Cross validation of results was achieved by randomly splitting the full sample into two subsamples of 108 and rerunning analyses. The association between lie detection and ASD traits held in both subsamples, showing the reliability of findings. In Experiment 2, lie detection was significantly impaired in 27 adults with a diagnosis of ASD relative to 27 matched comparison participants. Results suggest that people with ASD (or ASD traits) may be particularly vulnerable to manipulation and may benefit from lie detection training. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1129-1137. (c) 2018 The Authors Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Detection of deception is of fundamental importance for everyday social life. People with diminished understanding of other minds, such as those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), might be at risk of manipulation because of lie detection difficulties. We found that lie detection ability was related to how many ASD traits neurotypical people manifested and also was significantly diminished among adults with a full diagnosis of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1962 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369 Metacognitive monitoring and the hypercorrection effect in autism and the general population: Relation to autism(-like) traits and mindreading / D. M. WILLIAMS in Autism, 22-3 (April 2018)
[article]
Titre : Metacognitive monitoring and the hypercorrection effect in autism and the general population: Relation to autism(-like) traits and mindreading Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. M. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Z. BERGSTROM, Auteur ; C. GRAINGER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.259-270 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism hypercorrection mentalising metacognition mindreading Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Among neurotypical adults, errors made with high confidence (i.e. errors a person strongly believed they would not make) are corrected more reliably than errors made with low confidence. This 'hypercorrection effect' is thought to result from enhanced attention to information that reflects a 'metacognitive mismatch' between one's beliefs and reality. In Experiment 1, we employed a standard measure of this effect. Participants answered general knowledge questions and provided confidence judgements about how likely each answer was to be correct, after which feedback was given. Finally, participants were retested on all questions answered incorrectly during the initial phase. Mindreading ability and autism spectrum disorder-like traits were measured. We found that a representative sample of ( n = 83) neurotypical participants made accurate confidence judgements (reflecting good metacognition) and showed the hypercorrection effect. Mindreading ability was associated with autism spectrum disorder-like traits and metacognition. However, the hypercorrection effect was non-significantly associated with mindreading or autism spectrum disorder-like traits. In Experiment 2, 11 children with autism spectrum disorder and 11 matched comparison participants completed the hypercorrection task. Although autism spectrum disorder children showed significantly diminished metacognitive ability, they showed an undiminished hypercorrection effect. The evidence in favour of an undiminished hypercorrection effect (null result) was moderate, according to Bayesian analysis (Bayes factor = 0.21). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316680178 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=358
in Autism > 22-3 (April 2018) . - p.259-270[article] Metacognitive monitoring and the hypercorrection effect in autism and the general population: Relation to autism(-like) traits and mindreading [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. M. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Z. BERGSTROM, Auteur ; C. GRAINGER, Auteur . - p.259-270.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 22-3 (April 2018) . - p.259-270
Mots-clés : autism hypercorrection mentalising metacognition mindreading Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Among neurotypical adults, errors made with high confidence (i.e. errors a person strongly believed they would not make) are corrected more reliably than errors made with low confidence. This 'hypercorrection effect' is thought to result from enhanced attention to information that reflects a 'metacognitive mismatch' between one's beliefs and reality. In Experiment 1, we employed a standard measure of this effect. Participants answered general knowledge questions and provided confidence judgements about how likely each answer was to be correct, after which feedback was given. Finally, participants were retested on all questions answered incorrectly during the initial phase. Mindreading ability and autism spectrum disorder-like traits were measured. We found that a representative sample of ( n = 83) neurotypical participants made accurate confidence judgements (reflecting good metacognition) and showed the hypercorrection effect. Mindreading ability was associated with autism spectrum disorder-like traits and metacognition. However, the hypercorrection effect was non-significantly associated with mindreading or autism spectrum disorder-like traits. In Experiment 2, 11 children with autism spectrum disorder and 11 matched comparison participants completed the hypercorrection task. Although autism spectrum disorder children showed significantly diminished metacognitive ability, they showed an undiminished hypercorrection effect. The evidence in favour of an undiminished hypercorrection effect (null result) was moderate, according to Bayesian analysis (Bayes factor = 0.21). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316680178 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=358 Putting theory of mind in its place: psychological explanations of the socio-emotional-communicative impairments in autistic spectrum disorder / Jill BOUCHER in Autism, 16-3 (May 2012)
[article]
Titre : Putting theory of mind in its place: psychological explanations of the socio-emotional-communicative impairments in autistic spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jill BOUCHER, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.226-246 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : theory of mind mindreading metarepresentation mentalizingsimulation relational/complex reasoning executive function metacognition triadic interaction dyadic interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this review, the history of the theory of mind (ToM) theory of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is outlined (in which ToM is indexed by success on false belief tasks), and the explanatory power and psychological causes of impaired ToM in ASD are critically discussed. It is concluded that impaired ToM by itself has only limited explanatory power, but that explorations of the psychological precursors of impaired ToM have been fruitful in increasing understanding of mindreading impairments in ASD (where ‘mindreading’ refers those abilities that underlie triadic interaction as well as ToM). It is argued that early explanations of impaired mindreading are untenable for various reasons, but that impairments of dyadic interaction in ASD that could lead to impaired ability to represent others’ mental states may be the critical psychological cause, or causes, of impaired ToM. The complexity of causal routes to impaired ToM is emphasized. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361311430403 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=166
in Autism > 16-3 (May 2012) . - p.226-246[article] Putting theory of mind in its place: psychological explanations of the socio-emotional-communicative impairments in autistic spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jill BOUCHER, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.226-246.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 16-3 (May 2012) . - p.226-246
Mots-clés : theory of mind mindreading metarepresentation mentalizingsimulation relational/complex reasoning executive function metacognition triadic interaction dyadic interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this review, the history of the theory of mind (ToM) theory of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is outlined (in which ToM is indexed by success on false belief tasks), and the explanatory power and psychological causes of impaired ToM in ASD are critically discussed. It is concluded that impaired ToM by itself has only limited explanatory power, but that explorations of the psychological precursors of impaired ToM have been fruitful in increasing understanding of mindreading impairments in ASD (where ‘mindreading’ refers those abilities that underlie triadic interaction as well as ToM). It is argued that early explanations of impaired mindreading are untenable for various reasons, but that impairments of dyadic interaction in ASD that could lead to impaired ability to represent others’ mental states may be the critical psychological cause, or causes, of impaired ToM. The complexity of causal routes to impaired ToM is emphasized. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361311430403 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=166 Putting Your Money Where Your Mouth is: Examining Metacognition in ASD Using Post-decision Wagering / Kimberly L. H. CARPENTER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-10 (October 2019)
[article]
Titre : Putting Your Money Where Your Mouth is: Examining Metacognition in ASD Using Post-decision Wagering Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kimberly L. H. CARPENTER, Auteur ; D. M. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; T. NICHOLSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4268-4279 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Metacognition Mindreading Post-decision wagering Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been argued that metacognition and mindreading rely on the same cognitive processes (Carruthers in The opacity of mind: an integrative theory of self-knowledge, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2011). It is widely accepted that mindreading is diminished among individuals diagnosed with autism (Brunsdon and Happe in Autism 18(1):17-30, 2014), however, little is known about metacognition. This study examined metacognition in relation to mindreading and autism using post-decision wagering. Results from a student sample showed negative associations between autism traits and metacognitive accuracy, and metacognitive reaction times and mindreading. These findings were replicated in a general population sample, providing evidence of a reliable association between metacognition, mindreading and autism traits. However, adults diagnosed with autism showed equivalent levels of metacognitive accuracy to age- and IQ-matched comparison participants, albeit only with an overall increase in meta-level processing time. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04118-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=407
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-10 (October 2019) . - p.4268-4279[article] Putting Your Money Where Your Mouth is: Examining Metacognition in ASD Using Post-decision Wagering [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kimberly L. H. CARPENTER, Auteur ; D. M. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; T. NICHOLSON, Auteur . - p.4268-4279.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-10 (October 2019) . - p.4268-4279
Mots-clés : Autism Metacognition Mindreading Post-decision wagering Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been argued that metacognition and mindreading rely on the same cognitive processes (Carruthers in The opacity of mind: an integrative theory of self-knowledge, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2011). It is widely accepted that mindreading is diminished among individuals diagnosed with autism (Brunsdon and Happe in Autism 18(1):17-30, 2014), however, little is known about metacognition. This study examined metacognition in relation to mindreading and autism using post-decision wagering. Results from a student sample showed negative associations between autism traits and metacognitive accuracy, and metacognitive reaction times and mindreading. These findings were replicated in a general population sample, providing evidence of a reliable association between metacognition, mindreading and autism traits. However, adults diagnosed with autism showed equivalent levels of metacognitive accuracy to age- and IQ-matched comparison participants, albeit only with an overall increase in meta-level processing time. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04118-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=407 Emotional Intelligence, Theory of Mind, and Executive Functions as Predictors of Social Outcomes in Young Adults With Asperger Syndrome / Janine M. MONTGOMERY in Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 28-1 (March 2013)
[article]
Titre : Emotional Intelligence, Theory of Mind, and Executive Functions as Predictors of Social Outcomes in Young Adults With Asperger Syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Janine M. MONTGOMERY, Auteur ; Brenda M. STOESZ, Auteur ; Adam W. MCCRIMMON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4-13 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders Asperger’s syndrome pervasive developmental disorders social cognition mindreading Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social difficulties are frequently cited as a core deficit of individuals with Asperger syndrome (AS). This deficit is particularly evident when processing of emotional information is required in social situations. Deficits in theory of mind and executive functions are the two explanatory hypotheses for social deficits in AS that are predominant in the literature; however, each of these explanations has limitations. Emotional intelligence (EI) has emerged as a relatively new explanation for social difficulties in typically developing individuals. Recently, researchers also have demonstrated that EI predicted important social outcomes for individuals with AS. In this study, we explored EI as an alternative or additive explanation for the social deficits observed in young adults with AS in light of the two predominant theories accounting for social difficulties. Implications for practice are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1088357612461525 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191
in Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities > 28-1 (March 2013) . - p.4-13[article] Emotional Intelligence, Theory of Mind, and Executive Functions as Predictors of Social Outcomes in Young Adults With Asperger Syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Janine M. MONTGOMERY, Auteur ; Brenda M. STOESZ, Auteur ; Adam W. MCCRIMMON, Auteur . - p.4-13.
in Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities > 28-1 (March 2013) . - p.4-13
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders Asperger’s syndrome pervasive developmental disorders social cognition mindreading Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social difficulties are frequently cited as a core deficit of individuals with Asperger syndrome (AS). This deficit is particularly evident when processing of emotional information is required in social situations. Deficits in theory of mind and executive functions are the two explanatory hypotheses for social deficits in AS that are predominant in the literature; however, each of these explanations has limitations. Emotional intelligence (EI) has emerged as a relatively new explanation for social difficulties in typically developing individuals. Recently, researchers also have demonstrated that EI predicted important social outcomes for individuals with AS. In this study, we explored EI as an alternative or additive explanation for the social deficits observed in young adults with AS in light of the two predominant theories accounting for social difficulties. Implications for practice are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1088357612461525 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=191 Judgment of Learning Accuracy in High-functioning Adolescents and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Catherine GRAINGER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-11 (November 2016)
PermalinkLinks Between Autistic Traits, Feelings of Gender Dysphoria, and Mentalising Ability: Replication and Extension of Previous Findings from the General Population / Aimilia KALLITSOUNAKI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-5 (May 2021)
PermalinkA meta-analysis and critical review of metacognitive accuracy in autism / Katie L CARPENTER in Autism, 27-2 (February 2023)
PermalinkRecent Advances and New Directions in Measuring Theory of Mind in Autistic Adults / L. A. LIVINGSTON in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-4 (April 2019)
PermalinkResearch Review: Structural language in autistic spectrum disorder – characteristics and causes / Jill BOUCHER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-3 (March 2012)
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