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Résultat de la recherche
2 recherche sur le mot-clé 'neurochemicals'




Biochemistry of the cingulate cortex in autism: An MR spectroscopy study / Lauren E. LIBERO in Autism Research, 9-6 (June 2016)
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Titre : Biochemistry of the cingulate cortex in autism: An MR spectroscopy study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lauren E. LIBERO, Auteur ; Meredith A. REID, Auteur ; David M. WHITE, Auteur ; Nouha SALIBI, Auteur ; Adrienne C. LAHTI, Auteur ; Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.643-657 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder cingulate cortex 1H-MRS MR spectroscopy neurochemicals biochemistry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neuroimaging studies have uncovered structural and functional alterations in the cingulate cortex in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Such abnormalities may underlie neurochemical imbalance. In order to characterize the neurochemical profile, the current study examined the concentration of brain metabolites in dorsal ACC (dACC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in high-functioning adults with ASD. Twenty high-functioning adults with ASD and 20 age-and-IQ-matched typically developing (TD) peers participated in this Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) study. LCModel was used in analyzing the spectra to measure the levels of N-Acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), and glutamate/glutamine (Glx) in dACC and PCC. Groups were compared using means for the ratio of each metabolite to their respective Cr levels as well as on absolute internal-water-referenced measures of each metabolite. There was a significant increase in Cho in PCC for ASD adults, with a marginal increase in dACC. A reduction in NAA/Cr in dACC was found in ASD participants, compared to their TD peers. No significant differences in Glx/Cr or Cho/Cr were found in dACC. There were no statistically significant group differences in the absolute concentration of NAA, Cr, Glx, or NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and Glx/Cr in the PCC. Differences in the metabolic properties of dACC compared to PCC were also found. Results of this study provide evidence for possible cellular and metabolic differences in the dACC and PCC in adults with ASD. This may suggest neuronal dysfunction in these regions and may contribute to the neuropathology of ASD. Autism Res 2016, 9: 643–657. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1562 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290
in Autism Research > 9-6 (June 2016) . - p.643-657[article] Biochemistry of the cingulate cortex in autism: An MR spectroscopy study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lauren E. LIBERO, Auteur ; Meredith A. REID, Auteur ; David M. WHITE, Auteur ; Nouha SALIBI, Auteur ; Adrienne C. LAHTI, Auteur ; Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur . - p.643-657.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 9-6 (June 2016) . - p.643-657
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder cingulate cortex 1H-MRS MR spectroscopy neurochemicals biochemistry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neuroimaging studies have uncovered structural and functional alterations in the cingulate cortex in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Such abnormalities may underlie neurochemical imbalance. In order to characterize the neurochemical profile, the current study examined the concentration of brain metabolites in dorsal ACC (dACC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in high-functioning adults with ASD. Twenty high-functioning adults with ASD and 20 age-and-IQ-matched typically developing (TD) peers participated in this Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) study. LCModel was used in analyzing the spectra to measure the levels of N-Acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), and glutamate/glutamine (Glx) in dACC and PCC. Groups were compared using means for the ratio of each metabolite to their respective Cr levels as well as on absolute internal-water-referenced measures of each metabolite. There was a significant increase in Cho in PCC for ASD adults, with a marginal increase in dACC. A reduction in NAA/Cr in dACC was found in ASD participants, compared to their TD peers. No significant differences in Glx/Cr or Cho/Cr were found in dACC. There were no statistically significant group differences in the absolute concentration of NAA, Cr, Glx, or NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and Glx/Cr in the PCC. Differences in the metabolic properties of dACC compared to PCC were also found. Results of this study provide evidence for possible cellular and metabolic differences in the dACC and PCC in adults with ASD. This may suggest neuronal dysfunction in these regions and may contribute to the neuropathology of ASD. Autism Res 2016, 9: 643–657. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1562 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290 In Vivo Evaluation of the Antidepressant Activity of a Novel Polyherbal Formulation / Rinki Kumari VERMA in Autism - Open Access, 6-6 ([01/11/2016])
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Titre : In Vivo Evaluation of the Antidepressant Activity of a Novel Polyherbal Formulation Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rinki Kumari VERMA, Auteur Article en page(s) : 8 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Depression Antidepressant Nyctanthes arbortristis Hippophae salcifolia Ocimum tenuiflorum Reinwardtia indica Forced swimming test Tail suspension test Neurochemicals Homocysteine Inflammatory marker Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-depressive activity of a polyherbal formulation (PF) after28 days administration by using a rat forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). Animals were divided into six groups (n=6/group): group-1: The control rats received injections of 0.5% CMC solution only; group2: FST+vehicle, groups 3: FST+SER (10 mg/kg, i.p.); group 4: FST+200 mg/kg; group 5: FST+400 mg/kg group 6;FST+800 mg/kg and drugs were administrated once daily for 28 days treatment. To assess the effect of PF on immobility activity through FST and TST were used to take as a measure of antidepressant activity. The probable mechanism of action of the anti-depressive effect of PF was also investigated by measuring the level of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, MAO, GABA, homocysteine, IL-2 and IFN-gamma levels in the blood of the stressrats.PF significantly reduced the immobility time of rat in both the FST and TST. However, might explain the results. In addition, PF decreased the MAO, homocysteine, IL-2 and IFN-gamma level while it increased the levels of serotonin, dopamine, nor epinephrine and GABA in the blood. PF with 200 mg/kg treatment have shown the more significant improvement in stress rats. After 28 days administration, PF produced antidepressant-like effects. The mechanisms of action of anti-depressive effect of PF seemed to involve an increase of the monoamines level (serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, MAO, GABA) while decreasing the MAO, inflammatory marker and homocysteine in the stress of rats. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2165-7890.1000194 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=410
in Autism - Open Access > 6-6 [01/11/2016] . - 8 p.[article] In Vivo Evaluation of the Antidepressant Activity of a Novel Polyherbal Formulation [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rinki Kumari VERMA, Auteur . - 8 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism - Open Access > 6-6 [01/11/2016] . - 8 p.
Mots-clés : Depression Antidepressant Nyctanthes arbortristis Hippophae salcifolia Ocimum tenuiflorum Reinwardtia indica Forced swimming test Tail suspension test Neurochemicals Homocysteine Inflammatory marker Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-depressive activity of a polyherbal formulation (PF) after28 days administration by using a rat forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). Animals were divided into six groups (n=6/group): group-1: The control rats received injections of 0.5% CMC solution only; group2: FST+vehicle, groups 3: FST+SER (10 mg/kg, i.p.); group 4: FST+200 mg/kg; group 5: FST+400 mg/kg group 6;FST+800 mg/kg and drugs were administrated once daily for 28 days treatment. To assess the effect of PF on immobility activity through FST and TST were used to take as a measure of antidepressant activity. The probable mechanism of action of the anti-depressive effect of PF was also investigated by measuring the level of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, MAO, GABA, homocysteine, IL-2 and IFN-gamma levels in the blood of the stressrats.PF significantly reduced the immobility time of rat in both the FST and TST. However, might explain the results. In addition, PF decreased the MAO, homocysteine, IL-2 and IFN-gamma level while it increased the levels of serotonin, dopamine, nor epinephrine and GABA in the blood. PF with 200 mg/kg treatment have shown the more significant improvement in stress rats. After 28 days administration, PF produced antidepressant-like effects. The mechanisms of action of anti-depressive effect of PF seemed to involve an increase of the monoamines level (serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, MAO, GABA) while decreasing the MAO, inflammatory marker and homocysteine in the stress of rats. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2165-7890.1000194 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=410