Temperamental markers in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder / Suzanne L. MACARI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-7 (July 2017) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.819-828 Titre : Temperamental markers in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Suzanne L. MACARI, Auteur ; Judah KOLLER, Auteur ; Daniel J. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.819-828 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  temperament Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although temperament has been recognized as an important contributor to childhood psychopathology, its role in emergent autism spectrum phenotypes is not well understood. This study examined whether toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) display temperamental vulnerabilities compared to toddlers with other developmental challenges, whether these characteristics are distinct from core autism symptoms, if they are stable over time, and if they contribute to social outcomes in preschool. Methods Parents of 165 toddlers with ASD, 58 nonverbal ability- and chronological age- (CA) matched developmentally delayed (DD) toddlers, and 92 CA-matched typically developing (TD) toddlers completed the Toddler Behavior Assessment Questionnaire-Supplemental (TBAQ-S) at 26 months (SD = 6; Time 1). TBAQ-S data were also available for a subset of toddlers with ASD (n = 126) at 43 months (SD = 9; Time 2). Results Compared to the DD and TD groups, toddlers with ASD exhibited vulnerabilities within the Effortful Control domain as well as the Surgency domain. They also displayed greater Negative Emotionality compared to TD peers. In the ASD group, temperamental characteristics were not concurrently related to autism severity or developmental level and individual differences were highly stable over time. Changes in Perceptual Sensitivity, Inhibitory Control, and Low-Intensity Pleasure from age 2 to 3.5 uniquely predicted autism symptom severity and adaptive social skill level at Time 2. Conclusions Temperamental vulnerabilities in toddlers with ASD are stable over time and involve attentional and behavioral control as well as affective reactivity. They contribute uniquely to social outcomes in preschool and are likely to signal risk for developing later maladaptive attentional, affective, and behavioral symptoms. Considering biologically based dimensions may shed light on noncore facets of the early ASD phenotype that are potentially relevant to the emergence of comorbid conditions later in childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12710 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3165 [article] Temperamental markers in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Suzanne L. MACARI, Auteur ; Judah KOLLER, Auteur ; Daniel J. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur . - p.819-828. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.819-828 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  temperament Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although temperament has been recognized as an important contributor to childhood psychopathology, its role in emergent autism spectrum phenotypes is not well understood. This study examined whether toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) display temperamental vulnerabilities compared to toddlers with other developmental challenges, whether these characteristics are distinct from core autism symptoms, if they are stable over time, and if they contribute to social outcomes in preschool. Methods Parents of 165 toddlers with ASD, 58 nonverbal ability- and chronological age- (CA) matched developmentally delayed (DD) toddlers, and 92 CA-matched typically developing (TD) toddlers completed the Toddler Behavior Assessment Questionnaire-Supplemental (TBAQ-S) at 26 months (SD = 6; Time 1). TBAQ-S data were also available for a subset of toddlers with ASD (n = 126) at 43 months (SD = 9; Time 2). Results Compared to the DD and TD groups, toddlers with ASD exhibited vulnerabilities within the Effortful Control domain as well as the Surgency domain. They also displayed greater Negative Emotionality compared to TD peers. In the ASD group, temperamental characteristics were not concurrently related to autism severity or developmental level and individual differences were highly stable over time. Changes in Perceptual Sensitivity, Inhibitory Control, and Low-Intensity Pleasure from age 2 to 3.5 uniquely predicted autism symptom severity and adaptive social skill level at Time 2. Conclusions Temperamental vulnerabilities in toddlers with ASD are stable over time and involve attentional and behavioral control as well as affective reactivity. They contribute uniquely to social outcomes in preschool and are likely to signal risk for developing later maladaptive attentional, affective, and behavioral symptoms. Considering biologically based dimensions may shed light on noncore facets of the early ASD phenotype that are potentially relevant to the emergence of comorbid conditions later in childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12710 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3165

The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers: A Follow-up Study Investigating the Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorders / Jamie KLEINMAN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38-5 (May 2008) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-5 (May 2008) . - p.827-839 Titre : The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers: A Follow-up Study Investigating the Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jamie KLEINMAN, Auteur ; Fred R. VOLKMAR, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur ; Alyssa D. VERBALIS, Auteur ; Hilary BOORSTEIN, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur ; Thyde DUMONT-MATHIEU, Auteur ; Diana L. ROBINS, Auteur ; Sarah HODGSON, Auteur ; James GREEN, Auteur ; Leandra B. WILSON, Auteur ; Michael A. ROSENTHAL, Auteur ; Emma L. ESSER, Auteur ; Juhi PANDEY, Auteur ; Saasha SUTERA, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur ; Ami KLIN, Auteur ; Marianne L. BARTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.827-839 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Early-identification Pediatric-screening Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) often go undetected in toddlers. The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) was used to screen 3,793 children aged 16–30 months from low- and high-risk sources; screen positive cases were diagnostically evaluated. Re-screening was performed on 1,416 children aged 42–54 months. Time1 Positive Predictive Value (PPV) was .36 for the initial screening and .74 for the screening plus follow-up telephone interview; values were similar for Time2 PPV. When separating referral sources, PPV was low for the low-risk sample but acceptable with the follow-up telephone interview. Children with ASD from the low-risk and high-risk samples were highly similar. Results indicate that the M-CHAT continues to be a promising instrument for the early detection of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0450-9 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4165 [article] The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers: A Follow-up Study Investigating the Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorders [texte imprimé] / Jamie KLEINMAN, Auteur ; Fred R. VOLKMAR, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur ; Alyssa D. VERBALIS, Auteur ; Hilary BOORSTEIN, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur ; Thyde DUMONT-MATHIEU, Auteur ; Diana L. ROBINS, Auteur ; Sarah HODGSON, Auteur ; James GREEN, Auteur ; Leandra B. WILSON, Auteur ; Michael A. ROSENTHAL, Auteur ; Emma L. ESSER, Auteur ; Juhi PANDEY, Auteur ; Saasha SUTERA, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur ; Ami KLIN, Auteur ; Marianne L. BARTON, Auteur . - p.827-839. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-5 (May 2008) . - p.827-839 Mots-clés : Autism Early-identification Pediatric-screening Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) often go undetected in toddlers. The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) was used to screen 3,793 children aged 16–30 months from low- and high-risk sources; screen positive cases were diagnostically evaluated. Re-screening was performed on 1,416 children aged 42–54 months. Time1 Positive Predictive Value (PPV) was .36 for the initial screening and .74 for the screening plus follow-up telephone interview; values were similar for Time2 PPV. When separating referral sources, PPV was low for the low-risk sample but acceptable with the follow-up telephone interview. Children with ASD from the low-risk and high-risk samples were highly similar. Results indicate that the M-CHAT continues to be a promising instrument for the early detection of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0450-9 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4165

The role of limited salience of speech in selective attention to faces in toddlers with autism spectrum disorders / Frederick SHIC in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-4 (April 2020) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-4 (April 2020) . - p.459-469 Titre : The role of limited salience of speech in selective attention to faces in toddlers with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Frederick SHIC, Auteur ; Quan WANG, Auteur ; Suzanne L MACARI, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.459-469 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  eye gaze  face processing  infancy  speech Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Impaired attention to faces of interactive partners is a marker for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in early childhood. However, it is unclear whether children with ASD avoid faces or find them less salient and whether the phenomenon is linked with the presence of eye contact or speech. METHODS: We investigated the impacts of speech (SP) and direct gaze (DG) on attention to faces in 22-month-old toddlers with ASD (n = 50) and typically developing controls (TD, n = 47) using the Selective Social Attention 2.0 (SSA 2.0) task. The task consisted of four conditions where the presence (+) and absence (-) of DG and SP were systematically manipulated. The severity of autism symptoms, and verbal and nonverbal skills were characterized concurrently with eye tracking at 22.4 (SD = 3.2) months and prospectively at 39.8 (SD = 4.3) months. RESULTS: Toddlers with ASD looked less than TD toddlers at face and mouth regions only when the actress was speaking (direct gaze absence with speech, DG-SP+: d = 0.99, p < .001 for face, d = 0.98, p < .001 for mouth regions; direct gaze present with speech, DG+SP+, d = 1.47, p < .001 for face, d = 1.01, p < .001 for mouth regions). Toddlers with ASD looked less at the eye region only when both gaze and speech cues were present (d = 0.46, p = .03). Salience of the combined DG and SP cues was associated concurrently and prospectively with the severity of autism symptoms, and the association remained significant after controlling for verbal and nonverbal levels. CONCLUSIONS: The study links poor attention to faces with limited salience of audiovisual speech and provides no support for the face avoidance hypothesis in the early stages of ASD. These results are consequential for research on early discriminant and predictive biomarkers as well as identification of novel treatment targets. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13118 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4212 [article] The role of limited salience of speech in selective attention to faces in toddlers with autism spectrum disorders [texte imprimé] / Frederick SHIC, Auteur ; Quan WANG, Auteur ; Suzanne L MACARI, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur . - p.459-469. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-4 (April 2020) . - p.459-469 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  eye gaze  face processing  infancy  speech Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Impaired attention to faces of interactive partners is a marker for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in early childhood. However, it is unclear whether children with ASD avoid faces or find them less salient and whether the phenomenon is linked with the presence of eye contact or speech. METHODS: We investigated the impacts of speech (SP) and direct gaze (DG) on attention to faces in 22-month-old toddlers with ASD (n = 50) and typically developing controls (TD, n = 47) using the Selective Social Attention 2.0 (SSA 2.0) task. The task consisted of four conditions where the presence (+) and absence (-) of DG and SP were systematically manipulated. The severity of autism symptoms, and verbal and nonverbal skills were characterized concurrently with eye tracking at 22.4 (SD = 3.2) months and prospectively at 39.8 (SD = 4.3) months. RESULTS: Toddlers with ASD looked less than TD toddlers at face and mouth regions only when the actress was speaking (direct gaze absence with speech, DG-SP+: d = 0.99, p < .001 for face, d = 0.98, p < .001 for mouth regions; direct gaze present with speech, DG+SP+, d = 1.47, p < .001 for face, d = 1.01, p < .001 for mouth regions). Toddlers with ASD looked less at the eye region only when both gaze and speech cues were present (d = 0.46, p = .03). Salience of the combined DG and SP cues was associated concurrently and prospectively with the severity of autism symptoms, and the association remained significant after controlling for verbal and nonverbal levels. CONCLUSIONS: The study links poor attention to faces with limited salience of audiovisual speech and provides no support for the face avoidance hypothesis in the early stages of ASD. These results are consequential for research on early discriminant and predictive biomarkers as well as identification of novel treatment targets. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13118 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4212