20 recherche sur le mot-clé 'systemizing'

Are the Autism and Positive Schizotypy Spectra Diametrically Opposed in Empathizing and Systemizing? / Suzanna N. RUSSELL-SMITH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-3 (March 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-3 (March 2013) . - p.695-706 Titre : Are the Autism and Positive Schizotypy Spectra Diametrically Opposed in Empathizing and Systemizing? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Suzanna N. RUSSELL-SMITH, Auteur ; Donna M. BAYLISS, Auteur ; Murray T. MAYBERY, Auteur ; Rosy L. TOMKINSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.695-706 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Schizotypy  Empathy  Systemizing  Cognitive profile Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Crespi and Badcock’s (Behaviour Brain Sci 31: 241–261, 2008) novel theory, which presents autism and positive schizophrenia as diametrical opposites on a cognitive continuum, has received mixed support in the literature to date. The current study aimed to further assess the validity of this theory by investigating predictions in relation to empathizing and systemizing. Specifically, it is predicted by Crespi and Badcock that while mild autistic traits should be associated with a cognitive profile of superior mechanistic cognition (which overlaps with systemizing) but reduced mentalistic cognition (which overlaps with empathizing), positive schizotypy traits should be associated with the opposite profile of superior mentalistic but reduced mechanistic cognition. These predictions were tested in a student sample using a battery of self-report and behavioural measures. The pattern of results obtained provides no support for Crespi and Badcock’s theory. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1614-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=192 [article] Are the Autism and Positive Schizotypy Spectra Diametrically Opposed in Empathizing and Systemizing? [texte imprimé] / Suzanna N. RUSSELL-SMITH, Auteur ; Donna M. BAYLISS, Auteur ; Murray T. MAYBERY, Auteur ; Rosy L. TOMKINSON, Auteur . - p.695-706. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-3 (March 2013) . - p.695-706 Mots-clés : Autism  Schizotypy  Empathy  Systemizing  Cognitive profile Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Crespi and Badcock’s (Behaviour Brain Sci 31: 241–261, 2008) novel theory, which presents autism and positive schizophrenia as diametrical opposites on a cognitive continuum, has received mixed support in the literature to date. The current study aimed to further assess the validity of this theory by investigating predictions in relation to empathizing and systemizing. Specifically, it is predicted by Crespi and Badcock that while mild autistic traits should be associated with a cognitive profile of superior mechanistic cognition (which overlaps with systemizing) but reduced mentalistic cognition (which overlaps with empathizing), positive schizotypy traits should be associated with the opposite profile of superior mentalistic but reduced mechanistic cognition. These predictions were tested in a student sample using a battery of self-report and behavioural measures. The pattern of results obtained provides no support for Crespi and Badcock’s theory. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1614-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=192

Brief Report: Development of the Adolescent Empathy and Systemizing Quotients / Bonnie AUYEUNG in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42-10 (October 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-10 (October 2012) . - p.2225-2235 Titre : Brief Report: Development of the Adolescent Empathy and Systemizing Quotients Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Sally WHEELWRIGHT, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.2225-2235 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Empathy  Systemizing  Autism  Sex differences  Adolescents  Quotient de Systématisation (SQ) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adolescent versions of the Empathy Quotient (EQ) and Systemizing Quotient (SQ) were developed and administered to n = 1,030 parents of typically developing adolescents, aged 12–16 years. Both measures showed good test–retest reliability and high internal consistency. Girls scored significantly higher on the EQ, and boys scored significantly higher on the SQ. A sample of adolescents with Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) (n = 213) scored significantly lower on the EQ, and significantly higher on the SQ, compared to typical boys. Similar patterns of sex differences and cognitive brain types are observed in children, adolescents and adults, suggesting from cross-sectional studies that the behaviours measured by age-appropriate versions of the EQ and SQ are stable across time. Longitudinal studies would be useful to test this stability in the future. Finally, relative to typical sex differences, individuals with ASC, regardless of age, on average exhibit a ‘hyper-masculinized’ profile. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1454-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=180 [article] Brief Report: Development of the Adolescent Empathy and Systemizing Quotients [texte imprimé] / Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Sally WHEELWRIGHT, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.2225-2235. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-10 (October 2012) . - p.2225-2235 Mots-clés : Empathy  Systemizing  Autism  Sex differences  Adolescents  Quotient de Systématisation (SQ) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adolescent versions of the Empathy Quotient (EQ) and Systemizing Quotient (SQ) were developed and administered to n = 1,030 parents of typically developing adolescents, aged 12–16 years. Both measures showed good test–retest reliability and high internal consistency. Girls scored significantly higher on the EQ, and boys scored significantly higher on the SQ. A sample of adolescents with Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) (n = 213) scored significantly lower on the EQ, and significantly higher on the SQ, compared to typical boys. Similar patterns of sex differences and cognitive brain types are observed in children, adolescents and adults, suggesting from cross-sectional studies that the behaviours measured by age-appropriate versions of the EQ and SQ are stable across time. Longitudinal studies would be useful to test this stability in the future. Finally, relative to typical sex differences, individuals with ASC, regardless of age, on average exhibit a ‘hyper-masculinized’ profile. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1454-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=180

Brief Report: The Relationship Between Visual Acuity, the Embedded Figures Test and Systemizing in Autism Spectrum Disorders / Mark BROSNAN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42-11 (November 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-11 (November 2012) . - p.2491-2497 Titre : Brief Report: The Relationship Between Visual Acuity, the Embedded Figures Test and Systemizing in Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mark BROSNAN, Auteur ; Lucy GWILLIAM, Auteur ; Ian WALKER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2491-2497 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Visual acuity  Embedded Figures Test (EFT)  Systemizing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Enhanced performance upon the Embedded Figures Test (EFT) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has informed psychological theories of the non-social aspects that characterise ASD. The Extreme Male Brain theory of autism proposes that enhanced visual acuity underpins greater attention to detail (assessed by the EFT) which is a prerequisite for Systemizing. To date, however, no study has empirically examined these relationships. 13 males with ASD and 13 male controls were assessed upon tasks argued to reflect these levels of processing. The ASD group were found to have significantly greater visual acuity, EFT performance and Systemizing ability than the control group. However, regression analysis revealed that the strongest relationship was between visual acuity and EFT performance. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1505-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=183 [article] Brief Report: The Relationship Between Visual Acuity, the Embedded Figures Test and Systemizing in Autism Spectrum Disorders [texte imprimé] / Mark BROSNAN, Auteur ; Lucy GWILLIAM, Auteur ; Ian WALKER, Auteur . - p.2491-2497. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-11 (November 2012) . - p.2491-2497 Mots-clés : Autism  Visual acuity  Embedded Figures Test (EFT)  Systemizing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Enhanced performance upon the Embedded Figures Test (EFT) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has informed psychological theories of the non-social aspects that characterise ASD. The Extreme Male Brain theory of autism proposes that enhanced visual acuity underpins greater attention to detail (assessed by the EFT) which is a prerequisite for Systemizing. To date, however, no study has empirically examined these relationships. 13 males with ASD and 13 male controls were assessed upon tasks argued to reflect these levels of processing. The ASD group were found to have significantly greater visual acuity, EFT performance and Systemizing ability than the control group. However, regression analysis revealed that the strongest relationship was between visual acuity and EFT performance. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1505-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=183

Children with autism spectrum disorder have an exceptional explanatory drive / Melissa D. RUTHERFORD in Autism, 20-6 (August 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 20-6 (August 2016) . - p.744-753 Titre : Children with autism spectrum disorder have an exceptional explanatory drive Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Melissa D. RUTHERFORD, Auteur ; Francys SUBIAUL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.744-753 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : explanatory drive  social cognition  systemizing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An “explanatory drive” motivates children to explain ambiguity. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders are interested in how systems work, but it is unknown whether they have an explanatory drive. We presented children with and without autism spectrum disorder unsolvable problems in a physical and in a social context and evaluated problem-solving and explanation-seeking responses. In the physical context (but not the social context), the children with autism spectrum disorder showed a stronger explanatory drive than controls. Importantly, the number of explanatory behaviors made by children with autism spectrum disorder in the social context was independent of social and communicative impairments. Children with autism spectrum disorder did not show an exceptional explanatory drive in the social domain. These results suggest that children with autism spectrum disorder have an explanatory drive and that the explanatory drive may be domain specific. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315605973 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290 [article] Children with autism spectrum disorder have an exceptional explanatory drive [texte imprimé] / Melissa D. RUTHERFORD, Auteur ; Francys SUBIAUL, Auteur . - p.744-753. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 20-6 (August 2016) . - p.744-753 Mots-clés : explanatory drive  social cognition  systemizing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An “explanatory drive” motivates children to explain ambiguity. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders are interested in how systems work, but it is unknown whether they have an explanatory drive. We presented children with and without autism spectrum disorder unsolvable problems in a physical and in a social context and evaluated problem-solving and explanation-seeking responses. In the physical context (but not the social context), the children with autism spectrum disorder showed a stronger explanatory drive than controls. Importantly, the number of explanatory behaviors made by children with autism spectrum disorder in the social context was independent of social and communicative impairments. Children with autism spectrum disorder did not show an exceptional explanatory drive in the social domain. These results suggest that children with autism spectrum disorder have an explanatory drive and that the explanatory drive may be domain specific. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315605973 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290

A Critical Review of the Research on the Extreme Male Brain Theory and Digit Ratio (2D:4D) / Missy L. TEATERO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-11 (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-11 (November 2013) . - p.2664-2676 Titre : A Critical Review of the Research on the Extreme Male Brain Theory and Digit Ratio (2D:4D) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Missy L. TEATERO, Auteur ; Charles NETLEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2664-2676 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Extreme male brain  Autism spectrum  Empathizing  Systemizing  Digit ratio  2D:4D Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Boys are more likely than girls to be diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The extreme male brain (EMB) theory of ASD suggests that fetal testosterone (FT) exposure may underlie sex differences in autistic traits. A link between the organizational effects of FT on the brain and ASD is often drawn based on research using digit ratio (2D:4D), a putative biomarker, without a full survey of the findings. This paper critically and quantitatively reviews the research on the relationship between 2D:4D and ASD as well as autism spectrum, empathizing, and systemizing measures in neurotypical populations. Overall, there is some support for the EMB theory in all four areas, particularly the 2D:4D–ASD relationship. Recommendations for future research are provided. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1819-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=217 [article] A Critical Review of the Research on the Extreme Male Brain Theory and Digit Ratio (2D:4D) [texte imprimé] / Missy L. TEATERO, Auteur ; Charles NETLEY, Auteur . - p.2664-2676. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-11 (November 2013) . - p.2664-2676 Mots-clés : Extreme male brain  Autism spectrum  Empathizing  Systemizing  Digit ratio  2D:4D Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Boys are more likely than girls to be diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The extreme male brain (EMB) theory of ASD suggests that fetal testosterone (FT) exposure may underlie sex differences in autistic traits. A link between the organizational effects of FT on the brain and ASD is often drawn based on research using digit ratio (2D:4D), a putative biomarker, without a full survey of the findings. This paper critically and quantitatively reviews the research on the relationship between 2D:4D and ASD as well as autism spectrum, empathizing, and systemizing measures in neurotypical populations. Overall, there is some support for the EMB theory in all four areas, particularly the 2D:4D–ASD relationship. Recommendations for future research are provided. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1819-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=217

Digit Ratio 2D:4D in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorders, Empathizing, and Systemizing: A Quantitative Review / Johannes HONEKOPP in Autism Research, 5-4 (August 2012)  

Permalink

Does the Extreme Male Brain Hypothesis of Autism Apply More to Females Than Males? A Systematic and Meta-Analytic Approach / Cory SZAKAL in Autism Research, 19-4 (April 2026)  

Permalink

Empathizing, systemizing, empathizing-systemizing difference and their association with autistic traits in children with autism spectrum disorder, with and without intellectual disability / Ning PAN in Autism Research, 15-7 (July 2022)  

Permalink

Investigating distinct and related contributions of Weak Central Coherence, Executive Dysfunction, and Systemizing theories to the cognitive profiles of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and typically developing children / Sandra B. VANEGAS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 11 (March 2015)  

Permalink

Moral foundations in autistic people and people with systemizing minds / Yeshaya David M. GREENBERG in Molecular Autism, 15 (2024)  

Permalink