Autistic Traits in Treatment-Seeking Transgender Adults / A. NOBILI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-12 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-12 (December 2018) . - p.3984-3994 Titre : Autistic Traits in Treatment-Seeking Transgender Adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. NOBILI, Auteur ; C. GLAZEBROOK, Auteur ; W. P. BOUMAN, Auteur ; D. GLIDDEN, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; J. ARCELUS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3984-3994 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum conditions  Autism spectrum quotient (AQ)  Autistic traits  Social anxiety  Social issues  Transgender Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study aimed to compare prevalence of autistic traits measured by the self-reported autism spectrum quotient-short (AQ-short) in a transgender clinical population (n = 656) matched by age and sex assigned at birth to a cisgender community sample. Results showed that transgender and cisgender people reported similar levels of possible autistic caseness. Transgender people assigned female were more likely to have clinically significant autistic traits compared to any other group. No difference was found between those assigned male. High AQ scores may not be indicative of the presence of an autism spectrum condition as the difference between groups mainly related to social behaviours; such scores may be a reflection of transgender people's high social anxiety levels due to negative past experiences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3557-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371 [article] Autistic Traits in Treatment-Seeking Transgender Adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. NOBILI, Auteur ; C. GLAZEBROOK, Auteur ; W. P. BOUMAN, Auteur ; D. GLIDDEN, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; J. ARCELUS, Auteur . - p.3984-3994. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-12 (December 2018) . - p.3984-3994 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum conditions  Autism spectrum quotient (AQ)  Autistic traits  Social anxiety  Social issues  Transgender Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study aimed to compare prevalence of autistic traits measured by the self-reported autism spectrum quotient-short (AQ-short) in a transgender clinical population (n = 656) matched by age and sex assigned at birth to a cisgender community sample. Results showed that transgender and cisgender people reported similar levels of possible autistic caseness. Transgender people assigned female were more likely to have clinically significant autistic traits compared to any other group. No difference was found between those assigned male. High AQ scores may not be indicative of the presence of an autism spectrum condition as the difference between groups mainly related to social behaviours; such scores may be a reflection of transgender people's high social anxiety levels due to negative past experiences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3557-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371

Brief Report: The Go/No-Go Task Online: Inhibitory Control Deficits in Autism in a Large Sample / F. UZEFOVSKY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-8 (August 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-8 (August 2016) . - p.2774-2779 Titre : Brief Report: The Go/No-Go Task Online: Inhibitory Control Deficits in Autism in a Large Sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : F. UZEFOVSKY, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2774-2779 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Inhibitory control  Autism  Go/No-Go  Autism Spectrum Quotient Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC, also referred to as Autism Spectrum Disorders) entail difficulties with inhibition: inhibiting action, inhibiting one’s own point of view, and inhibiting distractions that may interfere with a response set. However, the association between inhibitory control (IC) and ASC, especially in adulthood, is unclear. The current study measured IC, using the Go/No-Go task online, in a large adult sample of 201 people with ASC and 240 controls. Number of both False Alarm and False Positive responses were significantly associated with autistic traits and diagnostic status, separately, but not jointly. These findings suggest that deficits in inhibition are associated with ASC. Future studies need to investigate the role of inhibition in ASC in everyday difficulties. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2788-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=291 [article] Brief Report: The Go/No-Go Task Online: Inhibitory Control Deficits in Autism in a Large Sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / F. UZEFOVSKY, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - p.2774-2779. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-8 (August 2016) . - p.2774-2779 Mots-clés : Inhibitory control  Autism  Go/No-Go  Autism Spectrum Quotient Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC, also referred to as Autism Spectrum Disorders) entail difficulties with inhibition: inhibiting action, inhibiting one’s own point of view, and inhibiting distractions that may interfere with a response set. However, the association between inhibitory control (IC) and ASC, especially in adulthood, is unclear. The current study measured IC, using the Go/No-Go task online, in a large adult sample of 201 people with ASC and 240 controls. Number of both False Alarm and False Positive responses were significantly associated with autistic traits and diagnostic status, separately, but not jointly. These findings suggest that deficits in inhibition are associated with ASC. Future studies need to investigate the role of inhibition in ASC in everyday difficulties. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2788-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=291

A "choice", an "addiction", a way "out of the lost": exploring self-injury in autistic people without intellectual disability / R. L. MOSELEY in Molecular Autism, 10 (2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 10 (2019) . - 18 p. Titre : A "choice", an "addiction", a way "out of the lost": exploring self-injury in autistic people without intellectual disability Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; N. J. GREGORY, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 18 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Alexithymia  Autism  Qualitative  Self-harm  Self-injury  Sensory differences  Suicidality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) describes a phenomenon where individuals inflict deliberate pain and tissue damage to their bodies. Self-injurious behaviour is especially prevalent across the autism spectrum, but little is understood about the features and functions of self-injury for autistic individuals without intellectual disability, or about the risk factors that might be valuable for clinical usage in this group. Methods: One hundred and three autistic adults who responded to an online advertisement were classified as current, historic or non-self-harmers in accordance with responses to the Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Assessment Tool (NSSI-AT). Multinomial regression aimed to predict categorisation of participants in accordance with scores on tests of autistic traits, alexithymia, depression, anxiety, mentalising and sensory sensitivity. Linear regression examined relationships between these predictors and the range, frequency, lifetime occurrence and functional purposes of NSSI. Qualitative analysis explored the therapeutic interventions that participants had found helpful, and what they wished people understood about self-injury. Results: Current, historic and non-self-harming participants did not differ in age, age at diagnosis, male-to-female ratio, level of employment or education (the majority qualified to at least degree level). The most common function of NSSI was the regulation of low-energy affective states (depression, dissociation), followed by the regulation of high-energy states such as anger and anxiety. Alexithymia significantly predicted the categorisation of participants as current, historic or non-self-harmers, and predicted use of NSSI for regulating high-energy states and communicating distress to others. Depression, anxiety and sensory-sensitivity also differentiated participant groups, and sensory differences also predicted the range of bodily areas targeted, lifetime incidence and frequency of NSSI. Sensory differences, difficulty expressing and identifying emotions also emerged as problematic in the qualitative analysis, where participants expressed the need for compassion, patience, non-judgement and the need to recognise diversity between self-harmers, with some participants perceiving NSSI as a practical, non-problematic coping strategy. Conclusions: Alexithymia, depression, anxiety and sensory differences may place some autistic individuals at especial risk of self-injury. Investigating the involvement of these variables and their utility for identification and treatment is of high importance, and the voices of participants offer guidance to practitioners confronted with NSSI in their autistic clients. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0267-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=398 [article] A "choice", an "addiction", a way "out of the lost": exploring self-injury in autistic people without intellectual disability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; N. J. GREGORY, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - 18 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 10 (2019) . - 18 p. Mots-clés : Alexithymia  Autism  Qualitative  Self-harm  Self-injury  Sensory differences  Suicidality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) describes a phenomenon where individuals inflict deliberate pain and tissue damage to their bodies. Self-injurious behaviour is especially prevalent across the autism spectrum, but little is understood about the features and functions of self-injury for autistic individuals without intellectual disability, or about the risk factors that might be valuable for clinical usage in this group. Methods: One hundred and three autistic adults who responded to an online advertisement were classified as current, historic or non-self-harmers in accordance with responses to the Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Assessment Tool (NSSI-AT). Multinomial regression aimed to predict categorisation of participants in accordance with scores on tests of autistic traits, alexithymia, depression, anxiety, mentalising and sensory sensitivity. Linear regression examined relationships between these predictors and the range, frequency, lifetime occurrence and functional purposes of NSSI. Qualitative analysis explored the therapeutic interventions that participants had found helpful, and what they wished people understood about self-injury. Results: Current, historic and non-self-harming participants did not differ in age, age at diagnosis, male-to-female ratio, level of employment or education (the majority qualified to at least degree level). The most common function of NSSI was the regulation of low-energy affective states (depression, dissociation), followed by the regulation of high-energy states such as anger and anxiety. Alexithymia significantly predicted the categorisation of participants as current, historic or non-self-harmers, and predicted use of NSSI for regulating high-energy states and communicating distress to others. Depression, anxiety and sensory-sensitivity also differentiated participant groups, and sensory differences also predicted the range of bodily areas targeted, lifetime incidence and frequency of NSSI. Sensory differences, difficulty expressing and identifying emotions also emerged as problematic in the qualitative analysis, where participants expressed the need for compassion, patience, non-judgement and the need to recognise diversity between self-harmers, with some participants perceiving NSSI as a practical, non-problematic coping strategy. Conclusions: Alexithymia, depression, anxiety and sensory differences may place some autistic individuals at especial risk of self-injury. Investigating the involvement of these variables and their utility for identification and treatment is of high importance, and the voices of participants offer guidance to practitioners confronted with NSSI in their autistic clients. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0267-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=398

A core role for cognitive processes in the acute onset and maintenance of post-traumatic stress in children and adolescents / R. MEISER-STEDMAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-8 (August 2019) . - p.875-884 Titre : A core role for cognitive processes in the acute onset and maintenance of post-traumatic stress in children and adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; A. MCKINNON, Auteur ; C. DIXON, Auteur ; A. BOYLE, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; Tim DALGLEISH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.875-884 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Post-traumatic stress disorder  cognitive development  early intervention  longitudinal studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common reaction to trauma in children and adolescents. While a significant minority of trauma-exposed youth go on to have persistent PTSD, many youths who initially have a severe traumatic stress response undergo natural recovery. The present study investigated the role of cognitive processes in shaping the early reactions of child and adolescents to traumatic stressors, and the transition to persistent clinically significant post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). METHODS: A prospective longitudinal study of youth aged 8-17 years who had attended a hospital emergency department following single trauma was undertaken, with assessments performed at 2-4 weeks (N = 226) and 2 months (N = 208) post-trauma. Acute stress disorder and PTSD were assessed using a structured interview, while PTSS, depression severity and peritraumatic and post-traumatic cognitive processes were assessed using self-report questionnaires. On the basis of their PTSS scores at each assessment, participants were categorised as being on a resilient, recovery or persistent trajectory. RESULTS: PTSS decreased between the two assessments. Cognitive processes at the 2- to 4-week assessment accounted for the most variance in PTSS at both the initial and follow-up assessment. The onset of post-traumatic stress was associated particularly with peritraumatic subjective threat, data-driven processing and pain. Its maintenance was associated with greater peritraumatic dissociation and panic, and post-traumatic persistent dissociation, trauma memory quality, rumination and negative appraisals. Efforts to deliberately process the trauma were more common in youth who experienced the onset of clinically significant PTSS. Regression modelling indicated that the predictive effect of baseline negative appraisals remained when also accounting for baseline PTSS and depression. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive processes play an important role in the onset and maintenance of PTSS in children and adolescents exposed to trauma. Trauma-related appraisals play a particular role when considering whether youth make the transition from clinically significant acute PTSS to persistent PTSS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13054 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=404 [article] A core role for cognitive processes in the acute onset and maintenance of post-traumatic stress in children and adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; A. MCKINNON, Auteur ; C. DIXON, Auteur ; A. BOYLE, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; Tim DALGLEISH, Auteur . - p.875-884. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-8 (August 2019) . - p.875-884 Mots-clés : Post-traumatic stress disorder  cognitive development  early intervention  longitudinal studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common reaction to trauma in children and adolescents. While a significant minority of trauma-exposed youth go on to have persistent PTSD, many youths who initially have a severe traumatic stress response undergo natural recovery. The present study investigated the role of cognitive processes in shaping the early reactions of child and adolescents to traumatic stressors, and the transition to persistent clinically significant post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). METHODS: A prospective longitudinal study of youth aged 8-17 years who had attended a hospital emergency department following single trauma was undertaken, with assessments performed at 2-4 weeks (N = 226) and 2 months (N = 208) post-trauma. Acute stress disorder and PTSD were assessed using a structured interview, while PTSS, depression severity and peritraumatic and post-traumatic cognitive processes were assessed using self-report questionnaires. On the basis of their PTSS scores at each assessment, participants were categorised as being on a resilient, recovery or persistent trajectory. RESULTS: PTSS decreased between the two assessments. Cognitive processes at the 2- to 4-week assessment accounted for the most variance in PTSS at both the initial and follow-up assessment. The onset of post-traumatic stress was associated particularly with peritraumatic subjective threat, data-driven processing and pain. Its maintenance was associated with greater peritraumatic dissociation and panic, and post-traumatic persistent dissociation, trauma memory quality, rumination and negative appraisals. Efforts to deliberately process the trauma were more common in youth who experienced the onset of clinically significant PTSS. Regression modelling indicated that the predictive effect of baseline negative appraisals remained when also accounting for baseline PTSS and depression. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive processes play an important role in the onset and maintenance of PTSS in children and adolescents exposed to trauma. Trauma-related appraisals play a particular role when considering whether youth make the transition from clinically significant acute PTSS to persistent PTSS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13054 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=404

Correction to: The relevance of the interpersonal theory of suicide for predicting past-year and lifetime suicidality in autistic adults / R. L. MOSELEY in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 16 p. Titre : Correction to: The relevance of the interpersonal theory of suicide for predicting past-year and lifetime suicidality in autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; N. J. GREGORY, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; C. ALLISON, Auteur ; S. CASSIDY, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 16 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00496-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=477 [article] Correction to: The relevance of the interpersonal theory of suicide for predicting past-year and lifetime suicidality in autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; N. J. GREGORY, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; C. ALLISON, Auteur ; S. CASSIDY, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - 16 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 16 p. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00496-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=477

Cost-effectiveness of cognitive therapy as an early intervention for post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents: a trial based evaluation and model / J. SHEARER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-7 (July 2018)  

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A cross-cultural study of autistic traits across India, Japan and the UK / S. CARRUTHERS in Molecular Autism, 9 (2018)  

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Development and Validation of the Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q) / L. HULL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-3 (March 2019)  

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Dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions, posttraumatic stress and depression in children and adolescents exposed to trauma: a network analysis / A. DE HAAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

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Dyspraxia and autistic traits in adults with and without autism spectrum conditions / Sarah A. CASSIDY in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)  

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Is social camouflaging associated with anxiety and depression in autistic adults? / L. HULL in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)  

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Levels of Self-representation and Their Sociocognitive Correlates in Late-Diagnosed Autistic Adults / R. L. MOSELEY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-7 (July 2022)  

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Medical symptoms and conditions in autistic women / T. SIMANTOV in Autism, 26-2 (February 2022)  

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Practitioner Review: Posttraumatic stress disorder and its treatment in children and adolescents / P. SMITH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-5 (May 2019)  

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"Revêtir ma meilleure panoplie de normalité" : camouflage social chez les adultes présentant une condition du spectre autistique / L. HULL in Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages chez l'Enfant - A.N.A.E., 150 (Novembre/Décembre 2017)

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