Dépouillements

Examining the relationship between social communication on the ADOS and real-world reciprocal social communication in children with ASD / Lydia R. QUALLS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 33 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 33 (January 2017) . - p.1-9 Titre : Examining the relationship between social communication on the ADOS and real-world reciprocal social communication in children with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lydia R. QUALLS, Auteur ; Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-9 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  ADOS  Social communication  Play  Assessment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While many children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) communicate better with adults than peers, diagnostic measures are given by adult examiners. These measures may not accurately capture the deficits that children with ASD have in communicating with their peers. This study examined the ability of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) Social Communication scale to predict reciprocal communication in children with ASD during natural play with peers using the Peer Interaction Paradigm (PIP). Thirty participants with ASD were given the ADOS and then participated in the PIP, after which their behavior was analyzed. Results Using linear regression, we found that Social Communication was the primary significant predictor for reciprocal communication during play, and that reciprocal communication was not predicted by Verbal IQ or the Restrictive and Repetitive Behaviors scale on the ADOS. The findings suggest that the ADOS measures naturally-occurring social communication patterns with peers and can be used to inform treatment options for children with ASD based on an accurate measure of their level of impairment in social communication. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.10.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298 [article] Examining the relationship between social communication on the ADOS and real-world reciprocal social communication in children with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lydia R. QUALLS, Auteur ; Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur . - p.1-9. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 33 (January 2017) . - p.1-9 Mots-clés : ASD  ADOS  Social communication  Play  Assessment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While many children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) communicate better with adults than peers, diagnostic measures are given by adult examiners. These measures may not accurately capture the deficits that children with ASD have in communicating with their peers. This study examined the ability of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) Social Communication scale to predict reciprocal communication in children with ASD during natural play with peers using the Peer Interaction Paradigm (PIP). Thirty participants with ASD were given the ADOS and then participated in the PIP, after which their behavior was analyzed. Results Using linear regression, we found that Social Communication was the primary significant predictor for reciprocal communication during play, and that reciprocal communication was not predicted by Verbal IQ or the Restrictive and Repetitive Behaviors scale on the ADOS. The findings suggest that the ADOS measures naturally-occurring social communication patterns with peers and can be used to inform treatment options for children with ASD based on an accurate measure of their level of impairment in social communication. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.10.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298

Higher autism in children of women with psychiatric diagnoses / Bridget M. WIECKOWSKI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 33 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 33 (January 2017) . - p.10-20 Titre : Higher autism in children of women with psychiatric diagnoses Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Bridget M. WIECKOWSKI, Auteur ; Yelda MUKHTAR, Auteur ; John J. LEE, Auteur ; Guibo XING, Auteur ; Cheryl K. WALKER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.10-20 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  Epidemiology  Women  Depression  Pregnancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To determine the extent to which medical record history of maternal psychiatric diagnoses was associated with offspring autism risk in a large, socio-demographically diverse birth cohort. This retrospective cohort study linked hospital discharge records for 8,951,763 California singleton births occurring 1/1/91-12/31/08 from the Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development with diagnostic and service records from the Department of Developmental Services. Medical records documenting maternal mood and anxiety disorders and schizophrenia ICD-9-CM codes were identified, and 42,423 children were categorized with a DSM-IV diagnosis of ‘autistic disorder’. Log-linear Poisson models explored the relationships between maternal psychiatric disorders and autism, adjusting for maternal education, race, country of birth, and parental age. Results Rates of maternal psychiatric diagnoses were lower than expected for the population, reflecting under-recognition and under-reporting by inpatient clinicians. In adjusted analyses, mothers diagnosed with one individual psychiatric condition were 1.2–2.8 times more likely to have a child who developed autism. Mothers diagnosed with any one or more psychiatric condition were twice as likely to have a child with autism compared with unaffected or unreported women (RR = 1.97; 95% CI 1.83–2.12). Women with a documented inpatient medical record history of psychiatric diagnosis were nearly twice as likely as women without such diagnoses to have a child later diagnosed with autism. These findings highlight the need for routine prenatal screening for psychiatric conditions, as well as enhanced neurobehavioral assessment of children born to these mothers to detect early autism signs and optimize intervention timeliness. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.10.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298 [article] Higher autism in children of women with psychiatric diagnoses [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Bridget M. WIECKOWSKI, Auteur ; Yelda MUKHTAR, Auteur ; John J. LEE, Auteur ; Guibo XING, Auteur ; Cheryl K. WALKER, Auteur . - p.10-20. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 33 (January 2017) . - p.10-20 Mots-clés : ASD  Epidemiology  Women  Depression  Pregnancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To determine the extent to which medical record history of maternal psychiatric diagnoses was associated with offspring autism risk in a large, socio-demographically diverse birth cohort. This retrospective cohort study linked hospital discharge records for 8,951,763 California singleton births occurring 1/1/91-12/31/08 from the Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development with diagnostic and service records from the Department of Developmental Services. Medical records documenting maternal mood and anxiety disorders and schizophrenia ICD-9-CM codes were identified, and 42,423 children were categorized with a DSM-IV diagnosis of ‘autistic disorder’. Log-linear Poisson models explored the relationships between maternal psychiatric disorders and autism, adjusting for maternal education, race, country of birth, and parental age. Results Rates of maternal psychiatric diagnoses were lower than expected for the population, reflecting under-recognition and under-reporting by inpatient clinicians. In adjusted analyses, mothers diagnosed with one individual psychiatric condition were 1.2–2.8 times more likely to have a child who developed autism. Mothers diagnosed with any one or more psychiatric condition were twice as likely to have a child with autism compared with unaffected or unreported women (RR = 1.97; 95% CI 1.83–2.12). Women with a documented inpatient medical record history of psychiatric diagnosis were nearly twice as likely as women without such diagnoses to have a child later diagnosed with autism. These findings highlight the need for routine prenatal screening for psychiatric conditions, as well as enhanced neurobehavioral assessment of children born to these mothers to detect early autism signs and optimize intervention timeliness. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.10.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298

Cognitive and social functioning are connected to physical activity behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder / Amir Hossein MEMARI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 33 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 33 (January 2017) . - p.21-28 Titre : Cognitive and social functioning are connected to physical activity behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Amir Hossein MEMARI, Auteur ; Fatemeh Sadat MIRFAZELI, Auteur ; Ramin KORDI, Auteur ; Monir SHAYESTEHFAR, Auteur ; Pouria MOSHAYEDI, Auteur ; Mohammad Ali MANSOURNIA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.21-28 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism characteristics  Social skills  Accelerometery  Sedentary activity  Executive function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : For the first time this study aimed to examine the association of cognitive and social function with the physical activity behavior in a sample of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Sixty eight children with ASD aged 6–16 years underwent an objective assessment of physical activity and cognitive flexibility. Parents were also asked to rate the social profile for their children. Results The results showed that age, gender and cognitive flexibility are associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Analysis also showed that parent education and social function were associated with continuous minutes of physical activity. These preliminary findings indicated that children with ASD who had poor cognitive or social skills would be less physically active and more sedentary. Moreover, the results highlighted the age and gender as possible risk factors of physical inactivity in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.10.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298 [article] Cognitive and social functioning are connected to physical activity behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Amir Hossein MEMARI, Auteur ; Fatemeh Sadat MIRFAZELI, Auteur ; Ramin KORDI, Auteur ; Monir SHAYESTEHFAR, Auteur ; Pouria MOSHAYEDI, Auteur ; Mohammad Ali MANSOURNIA, Auteur . - p.21-28. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 33 (January 2017) . - p.21-28 Mots-clés : Autism characteristics  Social skills  Accelerometery  Sedentary activity  Executive function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : For the first time this study aimed to examine the association of cognitive and social function with the physical activity behavior in a sample of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Sixty eight children with ASD aged 6–16 years underwent an objective assessment of physical activity and cognitive flexibility. Parents were also asked to rate the social profile for their children. Results The results showed that age, gender and cognitive flexibility are associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Analysis also showed that parent education and social function were associated with continuous minutes of physical activity. These preliminary findings indicated that children with ASD who had poor cognitive or social skills would be less physically active and more sedentary. Moreover, the results highlighted the age and gender as possible risk factors of physical inactivity in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.10.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298

Autistic traits in the general population do not correlate with a preference for associative information / Judith GORIS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 33 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 33 (January 2017) . - p.29-38 Titre : Autistic traits in the general population do not correlate with a preference for associative information Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Judith GORIS, Auteur ; Eliane DESCHRIJVER, Auteur ; Sabrina TRAPP, Auteur ; Marcel BRASS, Auteur ; Senne BRAEM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.29-38 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum  Preference  Associative information  Predictive  Sameness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Associations and regularities in our environment can foster expectations and thereby help create a perceptually predictable world (e.g., a knife next to a plate predicts with high certainty a fork on the other side). Based on several observations, it has been suggested that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have an above average tendency to prefer well-organized information or structured environments. Surprisingly, however, this tendency has not yet been tested under controlled experimental conditions. A recent study suggested that neurotypical adults prefer associative information, regardless of their semantic content. Therefore, in this study, we examined the relation of this preference bias to the scores of 123 neurotypical adults on questionnaires that measure autistic traits, known to co-vary with typical autism spectrum characteristics. Participants were presented with different configurations of meaningless abstract shapes. Some shapes were always presented in the exact same fixed configuration, and other shapes were always presented in different random configurations. In an unannounced subsequent evaluation task, participants were required to indicate which shapes they preferred. Results We replicate the observation that people exhibit a general preference for shapes that were presented in fixed configurations. However, there were no correlations between autistic traits and this general preference. Our findings suggest the preference for associative information in ASD might be less general than first thought, or restricted to more complex (social) situations or other levels of information processing. We outline specific guidelines for future systematic investigations into the hypothesized increased preference for associative information in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.11.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298 [article] Autistic traits in the general population do not correlate with a preference for associative information [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Judith GORIS, Auteur ; Eliane DESCHRIJVER, Auteur ; Sabrina TRAPP, Auteur ; Marcel BRASS, Auteur ; Senne BRAEM, Auteur . - p.29-38. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 33 (January 2017) . - p.29-38 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum  Preference  Associative information  Predictive  Sameness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Associations and regularities in our environment can foster expectations and thereby help create a perceptually predictable world (e.g., a knife next to a plate predicts with high certainty a fork on the other side). Based on several observations, it has been suggested that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have an above average tendency to prefer well-organized information or structured environments. Surprisingly, however, this tendency has not yet been tested under controlled experimental conditions. A recent study suggested that neurotypical adults prefer associative information, regardless of their semantic content. Therefore, in this study, we examined the relation of this preference bias to the scores of 123 neurotypical adults on questionnaires that measure autistic traits, known to co-vary with typical autism spectrum characteristics. Participants were presented with different configurations of meaningless abstract shapes. Some shapes were always presented in the exact same fixed configuration, and other shapes were always presented in different random configurations. In an unannounced subsequent evaluation task, participants were required to indicate which shapes they preferred. Results We replicate the observation that people exhibit a general preference for shapes that were presented in fixed configurations. However, there were no correlations between autistic traits and this general preference. Our findings suggest the preference for associative information in ASD might be less general than first thought, or restricted to more complex (social) situations or other levels of information processing. We outline specific guidelines for future systematic investigations into the hypothesized increased preference for associative information in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.11.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298

Modulation of attention by socio-emotional scenes in children with autism spectrum disorder / Ana C. GARCÍA-BLANCO in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 33 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 33 (January 2017) . - p.39-46 Titre : Modulation of attention by socio-emotional scenes in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ana C. GARCÍA-BLANCO, Auteur ; Nuria YÁÑEZ, Auteur ; Miguel A. VÁZQUEZ, Auteur ; Inmaculada MARCOS, Auteur ; Manuel PEREA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.39-46 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Childhood  Attentional biases  Social scenes  Dot-probe task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abnormal attentional processes to socially relevant information may underlie social impairment in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). To examine how these processes are modulated by the emotional salience of the stimuli, we studied the attentional biases to social scenes (happy, sad, and threatening) in ASD children. An emotional dot-probe task was applied to children (from 6 to 12 years old) with Autism Spectrum Disorder without additional language and/or intellectual impairments (ASD; n = 25) and age/sex-matched controls (n = 25). Results ASD children showed an attentional bias toward threatening scenes while typically developing children tended to direct their attention toward sad scenes. There were no differences between groups for happy scenes. Threatening situations captured greater attention in ASD individuals than in the control participants. Thus, abnormal attention to emotionally relevant situations may negatively affect the ability of ASD children to adapt cognitively and emotionally, particularly in threatening situations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.11.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298 [article] Modulation of attention by socio-emotional scenes in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ana C. GARCÍA-BLANCO, Auteur ; Nuria YÁÑEZ, Auteur ; Miguel A. VÁZQUEZ, Auteur ; Inmaculada MARCOS, Auteur ; Manuel PEREA, Auteur . - p.39-46. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 33 (January 2017) . - p.39-46 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Childhood  Attentional biases  Social scenes  Dot-probe task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abnormal attentional processes to socially relevant information may underlie social impairment in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). To examine how these processes are modulated by the emotional salience of the stimuli, we studied the attentional biases to social scenes (happy, sad, and threatening) in ASD children. An emotional dot-probe task was applied to children (from 6 to 12 years old) with Autism Spectrum Disorder without additional language and/or intellectual impairments (ASD; n = 25) and age/sex-matched controls (n = 25). Results ASD children showed an attentional bias toward threatening scenes while typically developing children tended to direct their attention toward sad scenes. There were no differences between groups for happy scenes. Threatening situations captured greater attention in ASD individuals than in the control participants. Thus, abnormal attention to emotionally relevant situations may negatively affect the ability of ASD children to adapt cognitively and emotionally, particularly in threatening situations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.11.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298