Adolescents with psychopathic traits report reductions in physiological responses to fear / Abigail A. MARSH ; Elizabeth C. FINGER ; Julia C. SCHECHTER ; Ilana T.N. JURKOWITZ ; Marguerite E. REID ; James R. BLAIR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-8 (August 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-8 (August 2011) . - p.834-841 Titre : Adolescents with psychopathic traits report reductions in physiological responses to fear Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Abigail A. MARSH, Auteur ; Elizabeth C. FINGER, Auteur ; Julia C. SCHECHTER, Auteur ; Ilana T.N. JURKOWITZ, Auteur ; Marguerite E. REID, Auteur ; James R. BLAIR, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.834-841 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Psychopathy  emotion  fear  antisocial behavior  autonomic  adolescence  conduct disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Psychopathy is characterized by profound affective deficits, including shallow affect and reduced empathy. Recent research suggests that these deficits may apply particularly to negative emotions, or to certain negative emotions such as fear. Despite increased focus on the cognitive and neural underpinnings of psychopathy, little is known about how psychopathy is associated with emotional deficits across a range of emotions. In addition, the relationship between psychopathy and the subjective experience of emotion has not yet been assessed. Methods:  Eighteen 10–17-year-olds with psychopathic traits and 24 comparison children and adolescents reported on their subjective experiences of emotion during five recent emotionally evocative life events, following a paradigm developed by Scherer and colleagues (Scherer & Wallbott, 1994). Group comparisons were then performed to assess variations in subjective experiences across emotions. Results:  As predicted, psychopathy was associated with reductions in the subjective experience of fear relative to other emotions. Children and adolescents with psychopathic traits reported fewer symptoms associated with sympathetic nervous system arousal during fear-evoking experiences. Conclusions:  Rather than being related to uniformly impoverished emotional experience, psychopathic traits appear to be associated with greater deficits in subjective experiences of fear. This pattern of responding supports and extends previous observations that psychopathy engenders deficits in fear learning, physiological responses to threats, and the recognition of fear in others. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02353.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=132 [article] Adolescents with psychopathic traits report reductions in physiological responses to fear [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Abigail A. MARSH, Auteur ; Elizabeth C. FINGER, Auteur ; Julia C. SCHECHTER, Auteur ; Ilana T.N. JURKOWITZ, Auteur ; Marguerite E. REID, Auteur ; James R. BLAIR, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.834-841. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-8 (August 2011) . - p.834-841 Mots-clés : Psychopathy  emotion  fear  antisocial behavior  autonomic  adolescence  conduct disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Psychopathy is characterized by profound affective deficits, including shallow affect and reduced empathy. Recent research suggests that these deficits may apply particularly to negative emotions, or to certain negative emotions such as fear. Despite increased focus on the cognitive and neural underpinnings of psychopathy, little is known about how psychopathy is associated with emotional deficits across a range of emotions. In addition, the relationship between psychopathy and the subjective experience of emotion has not yet been assessed. Methods:  Eighteen 10–17-year-olds with psychopathic traits and 24 comparison children and adolescents reported on their subjective experiences of emotion during five recent emotionally evocative life events, following a paradigm developed by Scherer and colleagues (Scherer & Wallbott, 1994). Group comparisons were then performed to assess variations in subjective experiences across emotions. Results:  As predicted, psychopathy was associated with reductions in the subjective experience of fear relative to other emotions. Children and adolescents with psychopathic traits reported fewer symptoms associated with sympathetic nervous system arousal during fear-evoking experiences. Conclusions:  Rather than being related to uniformly impoverished emotional experience, psychopathic traits appear to be associated with greater deficits in subjective experiences of fear. This pattern of responding supports and extends previous observations that psychopathy engenders deficits in fear learning, physiological responses to threats, and the recognition of fear in others. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02353.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=132

Empathic responsiveness in amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex in youths with psychopathic traits / Abigail A. MARSH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-8 (August 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-8 (August 2013) . - p.900-910 Titre : Empathic responsiveness in amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex in youths with psychopathic traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Abigail A. MARSH, Auteur ; Elizabeth C. FINGER, Auteur ; Katherine A. FOWLER, Auteur ; Christopher J. ADALIO, Auteur ; Ilana T.N. JURKOWITZ, Auteur ; Julia C. SCHECHTER, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Jean DECETY, Auteur ; James R. BLAIR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.900-910 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Psychopathy  adolescents  empathy  pain  amygdala  conduct disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Psychopathic traits are associated with increases in antisocial behaviors such as aggression and are characterized by reduced empathy for others' distress. This suggests that psychopathic traits may also impair empathic pain sensitivity. However, whether psychopathic traits affect responses to the pain of others versus the self has not been previously assessed. Method We used whole-brain functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure neural activation in 14 adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder and psychopathic traits, as well as 21 healthy controls matched on age, gender, and intelligence. Activation in structures associated with empathic pain perception was assessed as adolescents viewed photographs of pain-inducing injuries. Adolescents imagined either that the body in each photograph was their own or that it belonged to another person. Behavioral and neuroimaging data were analyzed using random-effects analysis of variance. Results Youths with psychopathic traits showed reduced activity within regions associated with empathic pain as the depicted pain increased. These regions included rostral anterior cingulate cortex, ventral striatum (putamen), and amygdala. Reductions in amygdala activity particularly occurred when the injury was perceived as occurring to another. Empathic pain responses within both amygdala and rostral anterior cingulate cortex were negatively correlated with the severity of psychopathic traits as indexed by PCL:YV scores. Conclusions Youths with psychopathic traits show less responsiveness in regions implicated in the affective response to another's pain as the perceived intensity of this pain increases. Moreover, this reduced responsiveness appears to predict symptom severity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12063 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=210 [article] Empathic responsiveness in amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex in youths with psychopathic traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Abigail A. MARSH, Auteur ; Elizabeth C. FINGER, Auteur ; Katherine A. FOWLER, Auteur ; Christopher J. ADALIO, Auteur ; Ilana T.N. JURKOWITZ, Auteur ; Julia C. SCHECHTER, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Jean DECETY, Auteur ; James R. BLAIR, Auteur . - p.900-910. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-8 (August 2013) . - p.900-910 Mots-clés : Psychopathy  adolescents  empathy  pain  amygdala  conduct disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Psychopathic traits are associated with increases in antisocial behaviors such as aggression and are characterized by reduced empathy for others' distress. This suggests that psychopathic traits may also impair empathic pain sensitivity. However, whether psychopathic traits affect responses to the pain of others versus the self has not been previously assessed. Method We used whole-brain functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure neural activation in 14 adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder and psychopathic traits, as well as 21 healthy controls matched on age, gender, and intelligence. Activation in structures associated with empathic pain perception was assessed as adolescents viewed photographs of pain-inducing injuries. Adolescents imagined either that the body in each photograph was their own or that it belonged to another person. Behavioral and neuroimaging data were analyzed using random-effects analysis of variance. Results Youths with psychopathic traits showed reduced activity within regions associated with empathic pain as the depicted pain increased. These regions included rostral anterior cingulate cortex, ventral striatum (putamen), and amygdala. Reductions in amygdala activity particularly occurred when the injury was perceived as occurring to another. Empathic pain responses within both amygdala and rostral anterior cingulate cortex were negatively correlated with the severity of psychopathic traits as indexed by PCL:YV scores. Conclusions Youths with psychopathic traits show less responsiveness in regions implicated in the affective response to another's pain as the perceived intensity of this pain increases. Moreover, this reduced responsiveness appears to predict symptom severity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12063 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=210

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