Dépouillements

Brief report: Cross-sectional interactions between expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal and its relationship with depressive symptoms in autism spectrum disorder / Ru Ying CAI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 45 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 45 (January 2018) . - p.1-8 Titre : Brief report: Cross-sectional interactions between expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal and its relationship with depressive symptoms in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ru Ying CAI, Auteur ; Amanda L. RICHDALE, Auteur ; Kitty-Rose FOLEY, Auteur ; Julian TROLLOR, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-8 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Emotion regulation  Depression  ASD  Cognitive reappraisal  Expressive suppression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground The aim of this study was to explore and characterize the nature of the inter-relationship between cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression emotion regulation strategies and depressive symptoms. Method One hundred and twenty-one adolescents and adults with ASD aged 14–79 years (Mage = 32.18; SDage = 15.71) completed the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Autism Spectrum Quotient-Short (AQ-Short). Individuals were recruited into two nation-wide studies. Participants self-reported a clinical diagnosis of ASD and had an AQ-Short score above the suggested cut-off of 65. Correlation and regression analyses, independent-samples t-tests, Kruskal-Wallis, and post-hoc Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted. Results Higher depression levels were related to high suppression and low reappraisal use. Both suppression and reappraisal predicted variance in symptoms of depression over and above ASD traits. Individuals who self-reported high suppression and low reappraisal use expressed higher depressive symptoms than individuals who reported high use of both suppression and reappraisal. Conclusions This is the first study in ASD that aimed to characterize the interactions between adaptive (reappraisal) and maladaptive (suppression) strategy use. Our results demonstrate that reappraisal may serve as a protective factor for mental health in individuals who habitually use maladaptive strategies such as suppression. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.10.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327 [article] Brief report: Cross-sectional interactions between expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal and its relationship with depressive symptoms in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ru Ying CAI, Auteur ; Amanda L. RICHDALE, Auteur ; Kitty-Rose FOLEY, Auteur ; Julian TROLLOR, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur . - p.1-8. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 45 (January 2018) . - p.1-8 Mots-clés : Emotion regulation  Depression  ASD  Cognitive reappraisal  Expressive suppression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground The aim of this study was to explore and characterize the nature of the inter-relationship between cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression emotion regulation strategies and depressive symptoms. Method One hundred and twenty-one adolescents and adults with ASD aged 14–79 years (Mage = 32.18; SDage = 15.71) completed the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Autism Spectrum Quotient-Short (AQ-Short). Individuals were recruited into two nation-wide studies. Participants self-reported a clinical diagnosis of ASD and had an AQ-Short score above the suggested cut-off of 65. Correlation and regression analyses, independent-samples t-tests, Kruskal-Wallis, and post-hoc Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted. Results Higher depression levels were related to high suppression and low reappraisal use. Both suppression and reappraisal predicted variance in symptoms of depression over and above ASD traits. Individuals who self-reported high suppression and low reappraisal use expressed higher depressive symptoms than individuals who reported high use of both suppression and reappraisal. Conclusions This is the first study in ASD that aimed to characterize the interactions between adaptive (reappraisal) and maladaptive (suppression) strategy use. Our results demonstrate that reappraisal may serve as a protective factor for mental health in individuals who habitually use maladaptive strategies such as suppression. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.10.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327

Social reward processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review of the social motivation hypothesis / Summer BOTTINI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 45 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 45 (January 2018) . - p.9-26 Titre : Social reward processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review of the social motivation hypothesis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Summer BOTTINI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.9-26 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social reward processing  Autism spectrum disorder  Social motivation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground There is increasing empirical research examining the social motivation hypothesis, which posits that social deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are caused by underlying neural abnormalities in processing the reward value of social stimuli. Method The present systematic review examines social reward processing in individuals with ASD. This review focuses on the experimental procedures employed across studies and their potential impact on findings regarding the social motivation hypothesis. Twenty-seven studies met the specified inclusion criteria. Results Fifteen studies found evidence supporting the social motivation hypothesis; whereas, 12 studies found contradictory evidence. Most studies used pictures of faces as social stimuli and money as comparison nonsocial stimuli. Studies examining certain reward subtypes (e.g., reward learning) consistently supported the hypothesis; whereas, studies examining other reward subtypes (e.g., effort valuation) consistently did not support the hypothesis. Otherwise, methodological approaches varied considerably across studies. Conclusion The current empirical literature on the social motivation hypothesis is mixed, but findings suggest that examining specific sub-dimensions of reward processing may be important to clarify deficits in ASD. It is unclear whether inconsistency in findings is due to methodological limitations. As the literature stands, findings across studies support deficits in reward processing for both social and nonsocial rewards or individual differences in social reward processing. Interestingly, included articles cite few previously published studies on this topic, likely contributing to inconsistency in experimental designs and findings. Comparison across methodological approaches is warranted to help account for contrasting findings and determine the utility of the social motivation hypothesis given mixed evidence. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.10.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327 [article] Social reward processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review of the social motivation hypothesis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Summer BOTTINI, Auteur . - p.9-26. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 45 (January 2018) . - p.9-26 Mots-clés : Social reward processing  Autism spectrum disorder  Social motivation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground There is increasing empirical research examining the social motivation hypothesis, which posits that social deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are caused by underlying neural abnormalities in processing the reward value of social stimuli. Method The present systematic review examines social reward processing in individuals with ASD. This review focuses on the experimental procedures employed across studies and their potential impact on findings regarding the social motivation hypothesis. Twenty-seven studies met the specified inclusion criteria. Results Fifteen studies found evidence supporting the social motivation hypothesis; whereas, 12 studies found contradictory evidence. Most studies used pictures of faces as social stimuli and money as comparison nonsocial stimuli. Studies examining certain reward subtypes (e.g., reward learning) consistently supported the hypothesis; whereas, studies examining other reward subtypes (e.g., effort valuation) consistently did not support the hypothesis. Otherwise, methodological approaches varied considerably across studies. Conclusion The current empirical literature on the social motivation hypothesis is mixed, but findings suggest that examining specific sub-dimensions of reward processing may be important to clarify deficits in ASD. It is unclear whether inconsistency in findings is due to methodological limitations. As the literature stands, findings across studies support deficits in reward processing for both social and nonsocial rewards or individual differences in social reward processing. Interestingly, included articles cite few previously published studies on this topic, likely contributing to inconsistency in experimental designs and findings. Comparison across methodological approaches is warranted to help account for contrasting findings and determine the utility of the social motivation hypothesis given mixed evidence. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.10.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327

Cognitive-behavioral approaches for children with autism spectrum disorder: A trend analysis / Betty P. V. HO in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 45 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 45 (January 2018) . - p.27-41 Titre : Cognitive-behavioral approaches for children with autism spectrum disorder: A trend analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Betty P. V. HO, Auteur ; Jennifer STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Mark CARTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.27-41 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Children  Cognitive-behavioral  Intervention  Research design  Trend analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Cognitive-behavioral interventions for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have emerged in the last two decades, and these interventions are now regarded as evidence-based. However, reviews conducted so far often focus on specific areas and do not examine broad trends in the development of relevant research in this area. Method This current trend analysis provided an overview of the development in the research of cognitive-behavioral interventions for children with ASD.This study is based on a total of 103 reports located through a database keyword search and ancestral search. Results It was observed that early stage qualitative case studies have been gradually replaced by experimental studies, while the use of randomized, controlled trials is still limited. Participants included were mainly children with ASD and typical cognitive ability, and demographic description was often incomplete. Programs used were heterogeneous and often replicated. A heavy reliance on rating scales rather than behavioral observation and insufficient data on effect maintenance and generalization were observed. Very recently, researchers conducted supplementary analyses on intervention data and provided information not available in original trial reports. Conclusion A trend to include younger participants (i.e., children at or below 8 years of age) was observed. Although a substantial number of experimental group studies have been conducted, the proportion of randomized, controlled trials and sample sizes did not increase as expected. Consequently, there is the need for larger scale randomized, controlled trials. A major problem was incomplete participant description, in particular measures of autistic symptomology and intelligence. There is the need for more comprehensive participant descriptions that allow readers to identify the characteristics of children with ASD who may benefit from the intervention. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.10.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327 [article] Cognitive-behavioral approaches for children with autism spectrum disorder: A trend analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Betty P. V. HO, Auteur ; Jennifer STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Mark CARTER, Auteur . - p.27-41. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 45 (January 2018) . - p.27-41 Mots-clés : Autism  Children  Cognitive-behavioral  Intervention  Research design  Trend analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Cognitive-behavioral interventions for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have emerged in the last two decades, and these interventions are now regarded as evidence-based. However, reviews conducted so far often focus on specific areas and do not examine broad trends in the development of relevant research in this area. Method This current trend analysis provided an overview of the development in the research of cognitive-behavioral interventions for children with ASD.This study is based on a total of 103 reports located through a database keyword search and ancestral search. Results It was observed that early stage qualitative case studies have been gradually replaced by experimental studies, while the use of randomized, controlled trials is still limited. Participants included were mainly children with ASD and typical cognitive ability, and demographic description was often incomplete. Programs used were heterogeneous and often replicated. A heavy reliance on rating scales rather than behavioral observation and insufficient data on effect maintenance and generalization were observed. Very recently, researchers conducted supplementary analyses on intervention data and provided information not available in original trial reports. Conclusion A trend to include younger participants (i.e., children at or below 8 years of age) was observed. Although a substantial number of experimental group studies have been conducted, the proportion of randomized, controlled trials and sample sizes did not increase as expected. Consequently, there is the need for larger scale randomized, controlled trials. A major problem was incomplete participant description, in particular measures of autistic symptomology and intelligence. There is the need for more comprehensive participant descriptions that allow readers to identify the characteristics of children with ASD who may benefit from the intervention. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.10.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327

Corrigendum to “Validity and reliability of the korean version of autism spectrum disorders-comorbid for children (ASD-CC)” [Res. Autism Spectrum Disord. 39 (2017) 1–10] / Kyong-Mee CHUNG in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 45 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 45 (January 2018) . - p.42 Titre : Corrigendum to “Validity and reliability of the korean version of autism spectrum disorders-comorbid for children (ASD-CC)” [Res. Autism Spectrum Disord. 39 (2017) 1–10] Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kyong-Mee CHUNG, Auteur ; Dayi JUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.42 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.10.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327 [article] Corrigendum to “Validity and reliability of the korean version of autism spectrum disorders-comorbid for children (ASD-CC)” [Res. Autism Spectrum Disord. 39 (2017) 1–10] [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kyong-Mee CHUNG, Auteur ; Dayi JUNG, Auteur . - p.42. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 45 (January 2018) . - p.42 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.10.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327

Adapting psychological therapies for autism / Kate COOPER in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 45 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 45 (January 2018) . - p.43-50 Titre : Adapting psychological therapies for autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kate COOPER, Auteur ; M. E. LOADES, Auteur ; A. RUSSELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.43-50 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cognitive behavioural therapy  Training  Psychological therapy  Autism  Therapist training Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Psychological interventions informed by cognitive behavioural theory have proven efficacy in treating mild-moderate anxiety and depression. They have been successfully adapted for autistic children and adults who experience disproportionately high rates of co-occurring emotional problems. There has been little research into the perspectives and experience of psychological therapists adapting cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) as part of routine clinical practice. We surveyed therapist skills, experience and confidence in working psychologically with autistic people, in order to highlight gaps and needs, as well as strengths in terms of therapist skills when working with this group. Method Fifty therapists attending a training event completed a survey about their experience of adapting CBT for autistic clients, alongside a measure of therapist confidence. Results Almost all therapists reported making adaptations to CBT practice when working with autistic clients. Key challenges identified were rigidity in thinking and pacing sessions appropriately. Therapists were relatively confident about core engagement and assessment skills but reported less confidence in using their knowledge to help this group. Therapist confidence was not associated with years of practice or number of adaptations made, but was positively associated with level of therapy training received. Conclusions This study highlights a need for training and ongoing supervision to increase therapist confidence in and ability to make appropriate adaptations to CBT treatment protocols for autistic people. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.11.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327 [article] Adapting psychological therapies for autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kate COOPER, Auteur ; M. E. LOADES, Auteur ; A. RUSSELL, Auteur . - p.43-50. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 45 (January 2018) . - p.43-50 Mots-clés : Cognitive behavioural therapy  Training  Psychological therapy  Autism  Therapist training Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Psychological interventions informed by cognitive behavioural theory have proven efficacy in treating mild-moderate anxiety and depression. They have been successfully adapted for autistic children and adults who experience disproportionately high rates of co-occurring emotional problems. There has been little research into the perspectives and experience of psychological therapists adapting cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) as part of routine clinical practice. We surveyed therapist skills, experience and confidence in working psychologically with autistic people, in order to highlight gaps and needs, as well as strengths in terms of therapist skills when working with this group. Method Fifty therapists attending a training event completed a survey about their experience of adapting CBT for autistic clients, alongside a measure of therapist confidence. Results Almost all therapists reported making adaptations to CBT practice when working with autistic clients. Key challenges identified were rigidity in thinking and pacing sessions appropriately. Therapists were relatively confident about core engagement and assessment skills but reported less confidence in using their knowledge to help this group. Therapist confidence was not associated with years of practice or number of adaptations made, but was positively associated with level of therapy training received. Conclusions This study highlights a need for training and ongoing supervision to increase therapist confidence in and ability to make appropriate adaptations to CBT treatment protocols for autistic people. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.11.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327

Diminished false memory in adults with autism spectrum disorder: Evidence of identify-to-reject mechanism impairment / D. Z. WOJCIK in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 45 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 45 (January 2018) . - p.51-57 Titre : Diminished false memory in adults with autism spectrum disorder: Evidence of identify-to-reject mechanism impairment Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. Z. WOJCIK, Auteur ; E. DÍEZ, Auteur ; M. A. ALONSO, Auteur ; Mª V. MARTÍN-CILLEROS, Auteur ; Zoila GUISURAGA-FERNANDEZ, Auteur ; M. FERNÁNDEZ, Auteur ; L. MATILLA, Auteur ; M. MAGÁN-MAGANTO, Auteur ; Antonio M. DÍEZ-ÁLAMO, Auteur ; Ricardo CANAL-BEDIA, Auteur ; A. FERNANDEZ, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.51-57 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Recollection  False memory  Identify-to-reject  Externalized free-recall Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Research has demonstrated that memory in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is not aided by conceptual relations among words. To explore that, we used a Deese-Roediger–McDermott (DRM) false-memory paradigm, known to rely on associative relations between words. We therefore expected people with ASD in our study to be less susceptible to produce false memories. The novelty of this study was to use the externalized free-recall procedure to further explore the dynamics of correct and error responses in ASD. Method Adults with ASD and age- and IQ-matched adults in a comparison group were tested on a DRM task where 12 lists of strongly associated words were presented auditorily. At test, an externalized free-recall procedure was used, requesting participants to report presented words, and also any extra words that came to their mind (generated words). Results As expected, the clinical group produced fewer false memories than the comparison group, potentially due to abnormal relational processing. Moreover, unlike comparison participants, individuals with ASD tended to accept the critical words as belonging to the list rather than as generated, which demonstrates abnormalities in the monitoring capacity underlying an identify-to-reject process. Furthermore, analysis of questionnaires revealed that adults with ASD are less likely than typical adults to use memory strategies at both encoding and retrieval. Conclusions These findings are discussed in relation to the operation of error-inflating and error-editing mechanisms, both of which seem to be compromised in autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.11.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327 [article] Diminished false memory in adults with autism spectrum disorder: Evidence of identify-to-reject mechanism impairment [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. Z. WOJCIK, Auteur ; E. DÍEZ, Auteur ; M. A. ALONSO, Auteur ; Mª V. MARTÍN-CILLEROS, Auteur ; Zoila GUISURAGA-FERNANDEZ, Auteur ; M. FERNÁNDEZ, Auteur ; L. MATILLA, Auteur ; M. MAGÁN-MAGANTO, Auteur ; Antonio M. DÍEZ-ÁLAMO, Auteur ; Ricardo CANAL-BEDIA, Auteur ; A. FERNANDEZ, Auteur . - p.51-57. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 45 (January 2018) . - p.51-57 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Recollection  False memory  Identify-to-reject  Externalized free-recall Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Research has demonstrated that memory in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is not aided by conceptual relations among words. To explore that, we used a Deese-Roediger–McDermott (DRM) false-memory paradigm, known to rely on associative relations between words. We therefore expected people with ASD in our study to be less susceptible to produce false memories. The novelty of this study was to use the externalized free-recall procedure to further explore the dynamics of correct and error responses in ASD. Method Adults with ASD and age- and IQ-matched adults in a comparison group were tested on a DRM task where 12 lists of strongly associated words were presented auditorily. At test, an externalized free-recall procedure was used, requesting participants to report presented words, and also any extra words that came to their mind (generated words). Results As expected, the clinical group produced fewer false memories than the comparison group, potentially due to abnormal relational processing. Moreover, unlike comparison participants, individuals with ASD tended to accept the critical words as belonging to the list rather than as generated, which demonstrates abnormalities in the monitoring capacity underlying an identify-to-reject process. Furthermore, analysis of questionnaires revealed that adults with ASD are less likely than typical adults to use memory strategies at both encoding and retrieval. Conclusions These findings are discussed in relation to the operation of error-inflating and error-editing mechanisms, both of which seem to be compromised in autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.11.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327