Brief Report: Visual Acuity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders / Matthew A. ALBRECHT in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44-9 (September 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-9 (September 2014) . - p.2369-2374 Titre : Brief Report: Visual Acuity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Matthew A. ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Geoffrey W. STUART, Auteur ; Marita FALKMER, Auteur ; Anna ORDQVIST, Auteur ; Denise LEUNG, Auteur ; Jonathan K. FOSTER, Auteur ; Torbjörn FALKMER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2369-2374 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asperger syndrome  Case control study  ETDRS  High functioning autism  Perception  Vision Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recently, there has been heightened interest in suggestions of enhanced visual acuity in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) which was sparked by evidence that was later accepted to be methodologically flawed. However, a recent study that claimed children with ASD have enhanced visual acuity (Brosnan et al. in J Autism Dev Disord 42:2491–2497, 2012) repeated a critical methodological flaw by using an inappropriate viewing distance for a computerised acuity test, placing the findings in doubt. We examined visual acuity in 31 children with ASD and 33 controls using the 2 m 2000 Series Revised Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study chart placed at twice the conventional distance to better evaluate possible enhanced acuity. Children with ASD did not demonstrate superior acuity. The current findings strengthen the argument that reports of enhanced acuity in ASD are due to methodological flaws and challenges the reported association between visual acuity and systemising type behaviours. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2086-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=238 [article] Brief Report: Visual Acuity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Matthew A. ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Geoffrey W. STUART, Auteur ; Marita FALKMER, Auteur ; Anna ORDQVIST, Auteur ; Denise LEUNG, Auteur ; Jonathan K. FOSTER, Auteur ; Torbjörn FALKMER, Auteur . - p.2369-2374. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-9 (September 2014) . - p.2369-2374 Mots-clés : Asperger syndrome  Case control study  ETDRS  High functioning autism  Perception  Vision Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recently, there has been heightened interest in suggestions of enhanced visual acuity in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) which was sparked by evidence that was later accepted to be methodologically flawed. However, a recent study that claimed children with ASD have enhanced visual acuity (Brosnan et al. in J Autism Dev Disord 42:2491–2497, 2012) repeated a critical methodological flaw by using an inappropriate viewing distance for a computerised acuity test, placing the findings in doubt. We examined visual acuity in 31 children with ASD and 33 controls using the 2 m 2000 Series Revised Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study chart placed at twice the conventional distance to better evaluate possible enhanced acuity. Children with ASD did not demonstrate superior acuity. The current findings strengthen the argument that reports of enhanced acuity in ASD are due to methodological flaws and challenges the reported association between visual acuity and systemising type behaviours. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2086-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=238

Prospective associations between dietary patterns and cognitive performance during adolescence / Anett NYARADI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-9 (September 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-9 (September 2014) . - p.1017-1024 Titre : Prospective associations between dietary patterns and cognitive performance during adolescence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anett NYARADI, Auteur ; Jonathan K. FOSTER, Auteur ; Siobhan HICKLING, Auteur ; Jianghong LI, Auteur ; Gina L. AMBROSINI, Auteur ; Angela JACQUES, Auteur ; Wendy H. ODDY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1017-1024 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Nutrition  dietary pattern  cognition  adolescents  Raine study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The aim of the study was to investigate prospective associations between dietary patterns and cognitive performance during adolescence. Methods Participants were sourced from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study that includes 2868 children born between 1989 and 1992 in Perth, Western Australia. When the children were 17 years old (2006–2009), cognitive performance was assessed using a computerized cognitive battery of tests (CogState) that included six tasks. Using a food frequency questionnaire administered when the children were 14 years old (2003–2006), ‘Healthy’ and ‘Western’ dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. Associations between dietary patterns at 14 years of age and cognitive performance at 17 years of age were assessed prospectively using multivariate regression models. Results Dietary and cognitive performance data were available for 602 participants. Following adjustment for the ‘Healthy’ dietary pattern, total energy intake, maternal education, family income, father's presence in the family, family functioning and gender, we found that a longer reaction time in the detection task (? = .016; 95% CI: 0.004; 0.028; p = .009) and a higher number of total errors in the Groton Maze Learning Test – delayed recall task (? = .060; 95% CI: 0.006; 0.114; p = .029) were significantly associated with higher scores on the ‘Western’ dietary pattern. The ‘Western’ dietary pattern was characterized by high intakes of take-away food, red and processed meat, soft drink, fried and refined food. We also found that within the dietary patterns, high intake of fried potato, crisps and red meat had negative associations, while increased fruit and leafy green vegetable intake had positive associations with some aspects of cognitive performance. Conclusion Higher dietary intake of the ‘Western’ dietary pattern at age 14 is associated with diminished cognitive performance 3 years later, at 17 years. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12209 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=238 [article] Prospective associations between dietary patterns and cognitive performance during adolescence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anett NYARADI, Auteur ; Jonathan K. FOSTER, Auteur ; Siobhan HICKLING, Auteur ; Jianghong LI, Auteur ; Gina L. AMBROSINI, Auteur ; Angela JACQUES, Auteur ; Wendy H. ODDY, Auteur . - p.1017-1024. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-9 (September 2014) . - p.1017-1024 Mots-clés : Nutrition  dietary pattern  cognition  adolescents  Raine study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The aim of the study was to investigate prospective associations between dietary patterns and cognitive performance during adolescence. Methods Participants were sourced from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study that includes 2868 children born between 1989 and 1992 in Perth, Western Australia. When the children were 17 years old (2006–2009), cognitive performance was assessed using a computerized cognitive battery of tests (CogState) that included six tasks. Using a food frequency questionnaire administered when the children were 14 years old (2003–2006), ‘Healthy’ and ‘Western’ dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. Associations between dietary patterns at 14 years of age and cognitive performance at 17 years of age were assessed prospectively using multivariate regression models. Results Dietary and cognitive performance data were available for 602 participants. Following adjustment for the ‘Healthy’ dietary pattern, total energy intake, maternal education, family income, father's presence in the family, family functioning and gender, we found that a longer reaction time in the detection task (? = .016; 95% CI: 0.004; 0.028; p = .009) and a higher number of total errors in the Groton Maze Learning Test – delayed recall task (? = .060; 95% CI: 0.006; 0.114; p = .029) were significantly associated with higher scores on the ‘Western’ dietary pattern. The ‘Western’ dietary pattern was characterized by high intakes of take-away food, red and processed meat, soft drink, fried and refined food. We also found that within the dietary patterns, high intake of fried potato, crisps and red meat had negative associations, while increased fruit and leafy green vegetable intake had positive associations with some aspects of cognitive performance. Conclusion Higher dietary intake of the ‘Western’ dietary pattern at age 14 is associated with diminished cognitive performance 3 years later, at 17 years. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12209 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=238

Visual search strategies during facial recognition in children with ASD / Matthew A. ALBRECHT in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8-5 (May 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 8-5 (May 2014) . - p.559-569 Titre : Visual search strategies during facial recognition in children with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Matthew A. ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Jonathan K. FOSTER, Auteur ; Annette V. JOOSTEN, Auteur ; Marita FALKMER, Auteur ; Julia S. Y. TANG, Auteur ; Denise LEUNG, Auteur ; Anna ORDQVIST, Auteur ; Torbjörn FALKMER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.559-569 Mots-clés : Face recognition  Eye-tracking  Developmental  Visual search Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Facial recognition is a complex skill necessary for successful human interpersonal and social interactions. Given that the most prevalent disorder of social interaction is autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a number of studies have investigated and found impaired facial recognition abilities in people with ASD. Further, this impairment may be critically involved in mediating the deficits in interpersonal and social interactions in people with ASD. We sought to address the question of whether face processing is impaired in children with ASD in the current study. While there were a number of differences in visual search behaviours between the 19 children with ASD and the 15 controls, this did not manifest in deficits in facial recognition accuracy. In addition, there were notable differences with respect to eye fixation behaviours and recognition accuracy in this study compared to the findings in a previous similar study conducted in adults with ASD. These differences suggest a performance enhancing developmental trajectory in facial processing in controls that may not be present in individuals with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.01.014 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=229 [article] Visual search strategies during facial recognition in children with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Matthew A. ALBRECHT, Auteur ; Jonathan K. FOSTER, Auteur ; Annette V. JOOSTEN, Auteur ; Marita FALKMER, Auteur ; Julia S. Y. TANG, Auteur ; Denise LEUNG, Auteur ; Anna ORDQVIST, Auteur ; Torbjörn FALKMER, Auteur . - p.559-569. in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 8-5 (May 2014) . - p.559-569 Mots-clés : Face recognition  Eye-tracking  Developmental  Visual search Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Facial recognition is a complex skill necessary for successful human interpersonal and social interactions. Given that the most prevalent disorder of social interaction is autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a number of studies have investigated and found impaired facial recognition abilities in people with ASD. Further, this impairment may be critically involved in mediating the deficits in interpersonal and social interactions in people with ASD. We sought to address the question of whether face processing is impaired in children with ASD in the current study. While there were a number of differences in visual search behaviours between the 19 children with ASD and the 15 controls, this did not manifest in deficits in facial recognition accuracy. In addition, there were notable differences with respect to eye fixation behaviours and recognition accuracy in this study compared to the findings in a previous similar study conducted in adults with ASD. These differences suggest a performance enhancing developmental trajectory in facial processing in controls that may not be present in individuals with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.01.014 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=229

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