Attentional influences on neural processing of biological motion in typically developing children and those on the autism spectrum / Emily J. KNIGHT in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 33 p. Titre : Attentional influences on neural processing of biological motion in typically developing children and those on the autism spectrum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Emily J. KNIGHT, Auteur ; Aaron I. KRAKOWSKI, Auteur ; Edward G. FREEDMAN, Auteur ; John S. BUTLER, Auteur ; Sophie MOLHOLM, Auteur ; John J. FOXE, Auteur Article en page(s) : 33 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Child  Cross-Sectional Studies  Electroencephalography  Humans  Social Skills  Asd  Biological motion  Erp  Event-related potentials  Social cognition  Vep  Visual evoked potential Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Biological motion imparts rich information related to the movement, actions, intentions and affective state of others, which can provide foundational support for various aspects of social cognition and behavior. Given that atypical social communication and cognition are hallmark symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), many have theorized that a potential source of this deficit may lie in dysfunctional neural mechanisms of biological motion processing. Synthesis of existing literature provides some support for biological motion processing deficits in autism spectrum disorder, although high study heterogeneity and inconsistent findings complicate interpretation. Here, we attempted to reconcile some of this residual controversy by investigating a possible modulating role for attention in biological motion processing in ASD. METHODS: We employed high-density electroencephalographic recordings while participants observed point-light displays of upright, inverted and scrambled biological motion under two task conditions to explore spatiotemporal dynamics of intentional and unintentional biological motion processing in children and adolescents with ASD (n=27), comparing them to a control cohort of neurotypical (NT) participants (n=35). RESULTS: Behaviorally, ASD participants were able to discriminate biological motion with similar accuracy to NT controls. However, electrophysiologic investigation revealed reduced automatic selective processing of upright biologic versus scrambled motion stimuli in ASD relative to NT individuals, which was ameliorated when task demands required explicit attention to biological motion. Additionally, we observed distinctive patterns of covariance between visual potentials evoked by biological motion and functional social ability, such that Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale-Socialization domain scores were differentially associated with biological motion processing in the N1 period in the ASD but not the NT group. LIMITATIONS: The cross-sectional design of this study does not allow us to definitively answer the question of whether developmental differences in attention to biological motion cause disruption in social communication, and the sample was limited to children with average or above cognitive ability. CONCLUSIONS: Together, these data suggest that individuals with ASD are able to discriminate, with explicit attention, biological from non-biological motion but demonstrate diminished automatic neural specificity for biological motion processing, which may have cascading implications for the development of higher-order social cognition. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00512-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491 [article] Attentional influences on neural processing of biological motion in typically developing children and those on the autism spectrum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Emily J. KNIGHT, Auteur ; Aaron I. KRAKOWSKI, Auteur ; Edward G. FREEDMAN, Auteur ; John S. BUTLER, Auteur ; Sophie MOLHOLM, Auteur ; John J. FOXE, Auteur . - 33 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 33 p. Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Child  Cross-Sectional Studies  Electroencephalography  Humans  Social Skills  Asd  Biological motion  Erp  Event-related potentials  Social cognition  Vep  Visual evoked potential Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Biological motion imparts rich information related to the movement, actions, intentions and affective state of others, which can provide foundational support for various aspects of social cognition and behavior. Given that atypical social communication and cognition are hallmark symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), many have theorized that a potential source of this deficit may lie in dysfunctional neural mechanisms of biological motion processing. Synthesis of existing literature provides some support for biological motion processing deficits in autism spectrum disorder, although high study heterogeneity and inconsistent findings complicate interpretation. Here, we attempted to reconcile some of this residual controversy by investigating a possible modulating role for attention in biological motion processing in ASD. METHODS: We employed high-density electroencephalographic recordings while participants observed point-light displays of upright, inverted and scrambled biological motion under two task conditions to explore spatiotemporal dynamics of intentional and unintentional biological motion processing in children and adolescents with ASD (n=27), comparing them to a control cohort of neurotypical (NT) participants (n=35). RESULTS: Behaviorally, ASD participants were able to discriminate biological motion with similar accuracy to NT controls. However, electrophysiologic investigation revealed reduced automatic selective processing of upright biologic versus scrambled motion stimuli in ASD relative to NT individuals, which was ameliorated when task demands required explicit attention to biological motion. Additionally, we observed distinctive patterns of covariance between visual potentials evoked by biological motion and functional social ability, such that Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale-Socialization domain scores were differentially associated with biological motion processing in the N1 period in the ASD but not the NT group. LIMITATIONS: The cross-sectional design of this study does not allow us to definitively answer the question of whether developmental differences in attention to biological motion cause disruption in social communication, and the sample was limited to children with average or above cognitive ability. CONCLUSIONS: Together, these data suggest that individuals with ASD are able to discriminate, with explicit attention, biological from non-biological motion but demonstrate diminished automatic neural specificity for biological motion processing, which may have cascading implications for the development of higher-order social cognition. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00512-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491

Neural correlates of audiovisual narrative speech perception in children and adults on the autism spectrum: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study / Lars A. ROSS in Autism Research, 17-2 (February 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-2 (February 2024) . - p.280-310 Titre : Neural correlates of audiovisual narrative speech perception in children and adults on the autism spectrum: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lars A. ROSS, Auteur ; Sophie MOLHOLM, Auteur ; John S. BUTLER, Auteur ; Victor A. DEL BENE, Auteur ; Tufikameni BRIMA, Auteur ; John J. FOXE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.280-310 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autistic individuals show substantially reduced benefit from observing visual articulations during audiovisual speech perception, a multisensory integration deficit that is particularly relevant to social communication. This has mostly been studied using simple syllabic or word-level stimuli and it remains unclear how altered lower-level multisensory integration translates to the processing of more complex natural multisensory stimulus environments in autism. Here, functional neuroimaging was used to examine neural correlates of audiovisual gain (AV-gain) in 41 autistic individuals to those of 41 age-matched non-autistic controls when presented with a complex audiovisual narrative. Participants were presented with continuous narration of a story in auditory-alone, visual-alone, and both synchronous and asynchronous audiovisual speech conditions. We hypothesized that previously identified differences in audiovisual speech processing in autism would be characterized by activation differences in brain regions well known to be associated with audiovisual enhancement in neurotypicals. However, our results did not provide evidence for altered processing of auditory alone, visual alone, audiovisual conditions or AV- gain in regions associated with the respective task when comparing activation patterns between groups. Instead, we found that autistic individuals responded with higher activations in mostly frontal regions where the activation to the experimental conditions was below baseline (de-activations) in the control group. These frontal effects were observed in both unisensory and audiovisual conditions, suggesting that these altered activations were not specific to multisensory processing but reflective of more general mechanisms such as an altered disengagement of Default Mode Network processes during the observation of the language stimulus across conditions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3104 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=522 [article] Neural correlates of audiovisual narrative speech perception in children and adults on the autism spectrum: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lars A. ROSS, Auteur ; Sophie MOLHOLM, Auteur ; John S. BUTLER, Auteur ; Victor A. DEL BENE, Auteur ; Tufikameni BRIMA, Auteur ; John J. FOXE, Auteur . - p.280-310. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-2 (February 2024) . - p.280-310 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autistic individuals show substantially reduced benefit from observing visual articulations during audiovisual speech perception, a multisensory integration deficit that is particularly relevant to social communication. This has mostly been studied using simple syllabic or word-level stimuli and it remains unclear how altered lower-level multisensory integration translates to the processing of more complex natural multisensory stimulus environments in autism. Here, functional neuroimaging was used to examine neural correlates of audiovisual gain (AV-gain) in 41 autistic individuals to those of 41 age-matched non-autistic controls when presented with a complex audiovisual narrative. Participants were presented with continuous narration of a story in auditory-alone, visual-alone, and both synchronous and asynchronous audiovisual speech conditions. We hypothesized that previously identified differences in audiovisual speech processing in autism would be characterized by activation differences in brain regions well known to be associated with audiovisual enhancement in neurotypicals. However, our results did not provide evidence for altered processing of auditory alone, visual alone, audiovisual conditions or AV- gain in regions associated with the respective task when comparing activation patterns between groups. Instead, we found that autistic individuals responded with higher activations in mostly frontal regions where the activation to the experimental conditions was below baseline (de-activations) in the control group. These frontal effects were observed in both unisensory and audiovisual conditions, suggesting that these altered activations were not specific to multisensory processing but reflective of more general mechanisms such as an altered disengagement of Default Mode Network processes during the observation of the language stimulus across conditions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3104 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=522

Neurophysiological Indices of Atypical Auditory Processing and Multisensory Integration are Associated with Symptom Severity in Autism / Alice B. BRANDWEIN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-1 (January 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-1 (January 2015) . - p.230-244 Titre : Neurophysiological Indices of Atypical Auditory Processing and Multisensory Integration are Associated with Symptom Severity in Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alice B. BRANDWEIN, Auteur ; John J. FOXE, Auteur ; John S. BUTLER, Auteur ; Hans-Peter FREY, Auteur ; Juliana C. BATES, Auteur ; Lisa H. SHULMAN, Auteur ; Sophie MOLHOLM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.230-244 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Electrophysiology  ERP  ASD  Multisensory integration  ADOS  Sensory Profile Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical processing and integration of sensory inputs are hypothesized to play a role in unusual sensory reactions and social-cognitive deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Reports on the relationship between objective metrics of sensory processing and clinical symptoms, however, are surprisingly sparse. Here we examined the relationship between neurophysiological assays of sensory processing and (1) autism severity and (2) sensory sensitivities, in individuals with ASD aged 6–17. Multiple linear regression indicated significant associations between neural markers of auditory processing and multisensory integration, and autism severity. No such relationships were apparent for clinical measures of visual/auditory sensitivities. These data support that aberrant early sensory processing contributes to autism symptoms, and reveal the potential of electrophysiology to objectively subtype autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2212-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=258 [article] Neurophysiological Indices of Atypical Auditory Processing and Multisensory Integration are Associated with Symptom Severity in Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alice B. BRANDWEIN, Auteur ; John J. FOXE, Auteur ; John S. BUTLER, Auteur ; Hans-Peter FREY, Auteur ; Juliana C. BATES, Auteur ; Lisa H. SHULMAN, Auteur ; Sophie MOLHOLM, Auteur . - p.230-244. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-1 (January 2015) . - p.230-244 Mots-clés : Electrophysiology  ERP  ASD  Multisensory integration  ADOS  Sensory Profile Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical processing and integration of sensory inputs are hypothesized to play a role in unusual sensory reactions and social-cognitive deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Reports on the relationship between objective metrics of sensory processing and clinical symptoms, however, are surprisingly sparse. Here we examined the relationship between neurophysiological assays of sensory processing and (1) autism severity and (2) sensory sensitivities, in individuals with ASD aged 6–17. Multiple linear regression indicated significant associations between neural markers of auditory processing and multisensory integration, and autism severity. No such relationships were apparent for clinical measures of visual/auditory sensitivities. These data support that aberrant early sensory processing contributes to autism symptoms, and reveal the potential of electrophysiology to objectively subtype autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2212-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=258

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