Annual Research Review: A meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents / Guilherme V. POLANCZYK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-3 (March 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-3 (March 2015) . - p.345-365 Titre : Annual Research Review: A meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur ; Giovanni A. SALUM, Auteur ; Luisa S. SUGAYA, Auteur ; Arthur CAYE, Auteur ; Luis A. ROHDE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.345-365 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mental disorders  anxiety disorders  depressive disorders  ADHD  disruptive behavior disorders  children  prevalence  epidemiology  meta-analysis  cross-cultural Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The literature on the prevalence of mental disorders affecting children and adolescents has expanded significantly over the last three decades around the world. Despite the field having matured significantly, there has been no meta-analysis to calculate a worldwide-pooled prevalence and to empirically assess the sources of heterogeneity of estimates. Methods We conducted a systematic review of the literature searching in PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE for prevalence studies of mental disorders investigating probabilistic community samples of children and adolescents with standardized assessments methods that derive diagnoses according to the DSM or ICD. Meta-analytical techniques were used to estimate the prevalence rates of any mental disorder and individual diagnostic groups. A meta-regression analysis was performed to estimate the effect of population and sample characteristics, study methods, assessment procedures, and case definition in determining the heterogeneity of estimates. Results We included 41 studies conducted in 27 countries from every world region. The worldwide-pooled prevalence of mental disorders was 13.4% (CI 95% 11.3–15.9). The worldwide prevalence of any anxiety disorder was 6.5% (CI 95% 4.7–9.1), any depressive disorder was 2.6% (CI 95% 1.7–3.9), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder was 3.4% (CI 95% 2.6–4.5), and any disruptive disorder was 5.7% (CI 95% 4.0–8.1). Significant heterogeneity was detected for all pooled estimates. The multivariate metaregression analyses indicated that sample representativeness, sample frame, and diagnostic interview were significant moderators of prevalence estimates. Estimates did not vary as a function of geographic location of studies and year of data collection. The multivariate model explained 88.89% of prevalence heterogeneity, but residual heterogeneity was still significant. Additional meta-analysis detected significant pooled difference in prevalence rates according to requirement of funcional impairment for the diagnosis of mental disorders. Conclusions Our findings suggest that mental disorders affect a significant number of children and adolescents worldwide. The pooled prevalence estimates and the identification of sources of heterogeneity have important implications to service, training, and research planning around the world. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12381 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Annual Research Review: A meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur ; Giovanni A. SALUM, Auteur ; Luisa S. SUGAYA, Auteur ; Arthur CAYE, Auteur ; Luis A. ROHDE, Auteur . - p.345-365. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-3 (March 2015) . - p.345-365 Mots-clés : Mental disorders  anxiety disorders  depressive disorders  ADHD  disruptive behavior disorders  children  prevalence  epidemiology  meta-analysis  cross-cultural Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The literature on the prevalence of mental disorders affecting children and adolescents has expanded significantly over the last three decades around the world. Despite the field having matured significantly, there has been no meta-analysis to calculate a worldwide-pooled prevalence and to empirically assess the sources of heterogeneity of estimates. Methods We conducted a systematic review of the literature searching in PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE for prevalence studies of mental disorders investigating probabilistic community samples of children and adolescents with standardized assessments methods that derive diagnoses according to the DSM or ICD. Meta-analytical techniques were used to estimate the prevalence rates of any mental disorder and individual diagnostic groups. A meta-regression analysis was performed to estimate the effect of population and sample characteristics, study methods, assessment procedures, and case definition in determining the heterogeneity of estimates. Results We included 41 studies conducted in 27 countries from every world region. The worldwide-pooled prevalence of mental disorders was 13.4% (CI 95% 11.3–15.9). The worldwide prevalence of any anxiety disorder was 6.5% (CI 95% 4.7–9.1), any depressive disorder was 2.6% (CI 95% 1.7–3.9), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder was 3.4% (CI 95% 2.6–4.5), and any disruptive disorder was 5.7% (CI 95% 4.0–8.1). Significant heterogeneity was detected for all pooled estimates. The multivariate metaregression analyses indicated that sample representativeness, sample frame, and diagnostic interview were significant moderators of prevalence estimates. Estimates did not vary as a function of geographic location of studies and year of data collection. The multivariate model explained 88.89% of prevalence heterogeneity, but residual heterogeneity was still significant. Additional meta-analysis detected significant pooled difference in prevalence rates according to requirement of funcional impairment for the diagnosis of mental disorders. Conclusions Our findings suggest that mental disorders affect a significant number of children and adolescents worldwide. The pooled prevalence estimates and the identification of sources of heterogeneity have important implications to service, training, and research planning around the world. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12381 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Development of a risk calculator to predict attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in very preterm/very low birth weight newborns / Adelar Pedro FRANZ in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-8 (August 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-8 (August 2022) . - p.929-938 Titre : Development of a risk calculator to predict attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in very preterm/very low birth weight newborns Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Adelar Pedro FRANZ, Auteur ; Arthur CAYE, Auteur ; Barbara Calil LACERDA, Auteur ; Flavia WAGNER, Auteur ; Rita C. SILVEIRA, Auteur ; Renato Soibelmann PROCIANOY, Auteur ; Carlos Renato MOREIRA-MAIA, Auteur ; Luis Augusto ROHDE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.929-938 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis/epidemiology  Child  Gestational Age  Humans  Infant  Infant, Extremely Premature  Infant, Newborn  Infant, Very Low Birth Weight/psychology  Retrospective Studies  Prematurity  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  low birth weight  prediction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Very preterm/very low birth weight (VP/VLBW) newborns can have lifelong morbidities, as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Clinicians have no markers to discriminate which among those individuals will develop later ADHD, based only on the clinical presentation at birth. Our aim was to develop an individualized risk calculator for ADHD in VP/VLBW newborns. METHODS: This retrospective prognostic study included a consecutive sample of all VP/VLBW children (gestational age<32weeks and/or birth weight<1.5kg) born between 2010 and 2012 from a clinical cohort in a Brazilian tertiary care hospital. Children were clinically assessed at 6years of age for ADHD using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children (K-SADS). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method was used for model-building. RESULTS: Ninety-six VP/VLBW children were assessed at 6years of age (92% follow-up), of whom 32 (33%) were diagnosed with ADHD. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for ADHD prediction based on seven parameters (late-onset sepsis confirmed by blood culture, necrotizing enterocolitis, neonatal seizures, periventricular leukomalacia, respiratory distress syndrome, length of hospital stay, and number of maternal ADHD symptoms) was .875 (CI, 0.800-0.942, p<.001; AUC corrected for optimism with bootstrapping: .806), a performance that is comparable to other medical risk calculators. Compared to approaches that would offer early intervention to all, or intervention to none, the risk calculator will be more useful in selecting VP/VLBW newborns, with statistically significant net benefits at cost:benefits of around 1:2 to around 10:6 (range of ADHD risk thresholds of 32%-62%, respectively). It also showed specificity for ADHD compared to other prevalent child psychopathologies. CONCLUSIONS: The risk calculator showed good performance for early identification of VP/VLBW newborns at high risk of future ADHD diagnosis. External validity in population-based samples is needed to extend clinical usefulness. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13546 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Development of a risk calculator to predict attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in very preterm/very low birth weight newborns [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Adelar Pedro FRANZ, Auteur ; Arthur CAYE, Auteur ; Barbara Calil LACERDA, Auteur ; Flavia WAGNER, Auteur ; Rita C. SILVEIRA, Auteur ; Renato Soibelmann PROCIANOY, Auteur ; Carlos Renato MOREIRA-MAIA, Auteur ; Luis Augusto ROHDE, Auteur . - p.929-938. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-8 (August 2022) . - p.929-938 Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis/epidemiology  Child  Gestational Age  Humans  Infant  Infant, Extremely Premature  Infant, Newborn  Infant, Very Low Birth Weight/psychology  Retrospective Studies  Prematurity  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  low birth weight  prediction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Very preterm/very low birth weight (VP/VLBW) newborns can have lifelong morbidities, as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Clinicians have no markers to discriminate which among those individuals will develop later ADHD, based only on the clinical presentation at birth. Our aim was to develop an individualized risk calculator for ADHD in VP/VLBW newborns. METHODS: This retrospective prognostic study included a consecutive sample of all VP/VLBW children (gestational age<32weeks and/or birth weight<1.5kg) born between 2010 and 2012 from a clinical cohort in a Brazilian tertiary care hospital. Children were clinically assessed at 6years of age for ADHD using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children (K-SADS). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method was used for model-building. RESULTS: Ninety-six VP/VLBW children were assessed at 6years of age (92% follow-up), of whom 32 (33%) were diagnosed with ADHD. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for ADHD prediction based on seven parameters (late-onset sepsis confirmed by blood culture, necrotizing enterocolitis, neonatal seizures, periventricular leukomalacia, respiratory distress syndrome, length of hospital stay, and number of maternal ADHD symptoms) was .875 (CI, 0.800-0.942, p<.001; AUC corrected for optimism with bootstrapping: .806), a performance that is comparable to other medical risk calculators. Compared to approaches that would offer early intervention to all, or intervention to none, the risk calculator will be more useful in selecting VP/VLBW newborns, with statistically significant net benefits at cost:benefits of around 1:2 to around 10:6 (range of ADHD risk thresholds of 32%-62%, respectively). It also showed specificity for ADHD compared to other prevalent child psychopathologies. CONCLUSIONS: The risk calculator showed good performance for early identification of VP/VLBW newborns at high risk of future ADHD diagnosis. External validity in population-based samples is needed to extend clinical usefulness. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13546 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Replication of a predictive model for youth ADHD in an independent sample from a developing country / Cezar H. LORENZI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-1 (January 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-1 (January 2023) . - p.167-174 Titre : Replication of a predictive model for youth ADHD in an independent sample from a developing country Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Cezar H. LORENZI, Auteur ; Douglas TEIXEIRA LEFFA, Auteur ; Rodrigo BRESSAN, Auteur ; Sintia I. BELANGERO, Auteur ; Ary GADELHA, Auteur ; Marcos L. SANTORO, Auteur ; Giovanni A. SALUM, Auteur ; Luis Augusto ROHDE, Auteur ; Arthur CAYE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.167-174 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Very few predictive models in Psychiatry had their performance validated in independent external samples. A previously developed multivariable demographic model for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) accurately predicted young adulthood ADHD using clinical and demographical information collected in childhood in three samples from developed countries, but failed to replicate its performance in a sample from a developing country. Furthermore, consolidated risk factors for ADHD were not included among its predictors. Methods Participants were 1905 children and adolescents from a community-based sample and followed from ages 6 to 14 years at baseline to ages 14 to 23 years (mean age 18) at follow-up. We applied the intercept and weights of the original model to the data, calculating the predicted probability of each participant according to the set of predictors collected in childhood, and compared the estimates with the actual outcome (ADHD) collected during adolescence and young adulthood. We explored the performance of the original model, and of models including novel predictors (prematurity, family history of ADHD, and polygenic risk score for ADHD). Results The observed area under the curve of the original model was .76 (95% Confidence Interval .70 to .82). The multivariable demographical model outperformed single variable models using only prematurity, family history, or the ADHD PRS. Adding either of these variables, or all at once, did not improve the performance of the original demographical model. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the originally developed ADHD predictive model is suitable for use in different settings for clinical and research purposes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13682 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=490 [article] Replication of a predictive model for youth ADHD in an independent sample from a developing country [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Cezar H. LORENZI, Auteur ; Douglas TEIXEIRA LEFFA, Auteur ; Rodrigo BRESSAN, Auteur ; Sintia I. BELANGERO, Auteur ; Ary GADELHA, Auteur ; Marcos L. SANTORO, Auteur ; Giovanni A. SALUM, Auteur ; Luis Augusto ROHDE, Auteur ; Arthur CAYE, Auteur . - p.167-174. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-1 (January 2023) . - p.167-174 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Very few predictive models in Psychiatry had their performance validated in independent external samples. A previously developed multivariable demographic model for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) accurately predicted young adulthood ADHD using clinical and demographical information collected in childhood in three samples from developed countries, but failed to replicate its performance in a sample from a developing country. Furthermore, consolidated risk factors for ADHD were not included among its predictors. Methods Participants were 1905 children and adolescents from a community-based sample and followed from ages 6 to 14 years at baseline to ages 14 to 23 years (mean age 18) at follow-up. We applied the intercept and weights of the original model to the data, calculating the predicted probability of each participant according to the set of predictors collected in childhood, and compared the estimates with the actual outcome (ADHD) collected during adolescence and young adulthood. We explored the performance of the original model, and of models including novel predictors (prematurity, family history of ADHD, and polygenic risk score for ADHD). Results The observed area under the curve of the original model was .76 (95% Confidence Interval .70 to .82). The multivariable demographical model outperformed single variable models using only prematurity, family history, or the ADHD PRS. Adding either of these variables, or all at once, did not improve the performance of the original demographical model. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the originally developed ADHD predictive model is suitable for use in different settings for clinical and research purposes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13682 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=490

The synergistic effect of genetic and environmental factors in the development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in children and adolescents / Douglas Teixeira LEFFA in Development and Psychopathology, 36-3 (August 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 36-3 (August 2024) . - p.1134-1144 Titre : The synergistic effect of genetic and environmental factors in the development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in children and adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Douglas Teixeira LEFFA, Auteur ; Arthur CAYE, Auteur ; Sintia I. BELANGERO, Auteur ; Ary GADELHA, Auteur ; Pedro Mario PAN, Auteur ; Giovanni Abrahão SALUM, Auteur ; Luis Augusto ROHDE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1134-1144 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  environment  epidemiology  genetics  risk factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Gene-environment interactions (GxE) have been increasingly explored in psychiatry but with low replication rates. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a suitable candidate for studying GxE due to its high heritability and well-defined environmental risk factors. Here, we explored GxE using polygenic risk score (PRS) to represent the genetic liability to ADHD (ADHD-PRS) and environmental risk score (ERS) to represent the combined effects of environmental risk factors. We analyzed longitudinal data of 2,046 individuals (6-14 years of age at baseline and 14-23 at the last follow-up) from the Brazilian High-Risk Cohort Study for Psychiatric Disorders. Psychiatric evaluation included the Child Behavior Checklist and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using mixed-effects models. We observed statistically significant interactions between ADHD-PRS and ERS, suggesting that environmental and genetic factors act synergistically in the development of ADHD symptoms. These effects were not present for depression or anxiety symptoms. No evidence of GxE correlation was detected. Mechanistically, our findings suggest that environmental stressors modulate the genetic risk for ADHD. Future studies should investigate whether the reduction of environmental risks can prevent the development of symptoms of ADHD, especially in children with a family history of the disorder. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579423000366 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538 [article] The synergistic effect of genetic and environmental factors in the development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in children and adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Douglas Teixeira LEFFA, Auteur ; Arthur CAYE, Auteur ; Sintia I. BELANGERO, Auteur ; Ary GADELHA, Auteur ; Pedro Mario PAN, Auteur ; Giovanni Abrahão SALUM, Auteur ; Luis Augusto ROHDE, Auteur . - p.1134-1144. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 36-3 (August 2024) . - p.1134-1144 Mots-clés : ADHD  environment  epidemiology  genetics  risk factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Gene-environment interactions (GxE) have been increasingly explored in psychiatry but with low replication rates. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a suitable candidate for studying GxE due to its high heritability and well-defined environmental risk factors. Here, we explored GxE using polygenic risk score (PRS) to represent the genetic liability to ADHD (ADHD-PRS) and environmental risk score (ERS) to represent the combined effects of environmental risk factors. We analyzed longitudinal data of 2,046 individuals (6-14 years of age at baseline and 14-23 at the last follow-up) from the Brazilian High-Risk Cohort Study for Psychiatric Disorders. Psychiatric evaluation included the Child Behavior Checklist and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using mixed-effects models. We observed statistically significant interactions between ADHD-PRS and ERS, suggesting that environmental and genetic factors act synergistically in the development of ADHD symptoms. These effects were not present for depression or anxiety symptoms. No evidence of GxE correlation was detected. Mechanistically, our findings suggest that environmental stressors modulate the genetic risk for ADHD. Future studies should investigate whether the reduction of environmental risks can prevent the development of symptoms of ADHD, especially in children with a family history of the disorder. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579423000366 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538

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