ADHD and autism symptoms in youth: a network analysis / L. C. FARHAT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-2 (February 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-2 (February 2022) . - p.143-151 Titre : ADHD and autism symptoms in youth: a network analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. C. FARHAT, Auteur ; Helena BRENTANI, Auteur ; V. H. C. DE TOLEDO, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; P. MATTOS, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; A. THAPAR, Auteur ; E. CASELLA, Auteur ; Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.143-151 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  comorbidity  network analysis  neurodevelopmental Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Previous research investigating the overlap between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (henceforth, autism) symptoms in population samples have relied on latent variable modeling in which averaged scores representing dimensions were derived from observed symptoms. There are no studies evaluating how ADHD and autism symptoms interact at the level of individual symptom items. METHODS: We aimed to address this gap by performing a network analysis on data from a school survey of children aged 6-17?years old (N?=?7,405). ADHD and autism symptoms were measured via parent-report on the Swanson, Nolan, Pelham-IV questionnaire and the Childhood Autism Spectrum test, respectively. RESULTS: A relatively low interconnectivity between ADHD and autism symptoms was found with only 10.06% of possible connections (edges) between one ADHD and one autism symptoms different than zero. Associations between ADHD and autism symptoms were significantly weaker than those between two symptoms pertaining to the same construct. Select ADHD symptoms, particularly those presenting in social contexts (e.g. 'talks excessively', 'does not wait turn'), showed moderate-to-strong associations with autism symptoms, but some were considered redundant to autism symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings indicate that individual ADHD and autism symptoms are largely segregated in accordance with diagnostic boundaries corresponding to these conditions in children and adolescents from the community. These findings could improve our clinical conceptualization of ADHD and autism and guide advancements in diagnosis and treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13436 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457 [article] ADHD and autism symptoms in youth: a network analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. C. FARHAT, Auteur ; Helena BRENTANI, Auteur ; V. H. C. DE TOLEDO, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; P. MATTOS, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; A. THAPAR, Auteur ; E. CASELLA, Auteur ; Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur . - p.143-151. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-2 (February 2022) . - p.143-151 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  comorbidity  network analysis  neurodevelopmental Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Previous research investigating the overlap between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (henceforth, autism) symptoms in population samples have relied on latent variable modeling in which averaged scores representing dimensions were derived from observed symptoms. There are no studies evaluating how ADHD and autism symptoms interact at the level of individual symptom items. METHODS: We aimed to address this gap by performing a network analysis on data from a school survey of children aged 6-17?years old (N?=?7,405). ADHD and autism symptoms were measured via parent-report on the Swanson, Nolan, Pelham-IV questionnaire and the Childhood Autism Spectrum test, respectively. RESULTS: A relatively low interconnectivity between ADHD and autism symptoms was found with only 10.06% of possible connections (edges) between one ADHD and one autism symptoms different than zero. Associations between ADHD and autism symptoms were significantly weaker than those between two symptoms pertaining to the same construct. Select ADHD symptoms, particularly those presenting in social contexts (e.g. 'talks excessively', 'does not wait turn'), showed moderate-to-strong associations with autism symptoms, but some were considered redundant to autism symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings indicate that individual ADHD and autism symptoms are largely segregated in accordance with diagnostic boundaries corresponding to these conditions in children and adolescents from the community. These findings could improve our clinical conceptualization of ADHD and autism and guide advancements in diagnosis and treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13436 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457

Annual Research Review: A meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents / Guilherme V. POLANCZYK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-3 (March 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-3 (March 2015) . - p.345-365 Titre : Annual Research Review: A meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur ; Giovanni A. SALUM, Auteur ; Luisa S. SUGAYA, Auteur ; Arthur CAYE, Auteur ; Luis A. ROHDE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.345-365 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mental disorders  anxiety disorders  depressive disorders  ADHD  disruptive behavior disorders  children  prevalence  epidemiology  meta-analysis  cross-cultural Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The literature on the prevalence of mental disorders affecting children and adolescents has expanded significantly over the last three decades around the world. Despite the field having matured significantly, there has been no meta-analysis to calculate a worldwide-pooled prevalence and to empirically assess the sources of heterogeneity of estimates. Methods We conducted a systematic review of the literature searching in PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE for prevalence studies of mental disorders investigating probabilistic community samples of children and adolescents with standardized assessments methods that derive diagnoses according to the DSM or ICD. Meta-analytical techniques were used to estimate the prevalence rates of any mental disorder and individual diagnostic groups. A meta-regression analysis was performed to estimate the effect of population and sample characteristics, study methods, assessment procedures, and case definition in determining the heterogeneity of estimates. Results We included 41 studies conducted in 27 countries from every world region. The worldwide-pooled prevalence of mental disorders was 13.4% (CI 95% 11.3–15.9). The worldwide prevalence of any anxiety disorder was 6.5% (CI 95% 4.7–9.1), any depressive disorder was 2.6% (CI 95% 1.7–3.9), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder was 3.4% (CI 95% 2.6–4.5), and any disruptive disorder was 5.7% (CI 95% 4.0–8.1). Significant heterogeneity was detected for all pooled estimates. The multivariate metaregression analyses indicated that sample representativeness, sample frame, and diagnostic interview were significant moderators of prevalence estimates. Estimates did not vary as a function of geographic location of studies and year of data collection. The multivariate model explained 88.89% of prevalence heterogeneity, but residual heterogeneity was still significant. Additional meta-analysis detected significant pooled difference in prevalence rates according to requirement of funcional impairment for the diagnosis of mental disorders. Conclusions Our findings suggest that mental disorders affect a significant number of children and adolescents worldwide. The pooled prevalence estimates and the identification of sources of heterogeneity have important implications to service, training, and research planning around the world. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12381 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Annual Research Review: A meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur ; Giovanni A. SALUM, Auteur ; Luisa S. SUGAYA, Auteur ; Arthur CAYE, Auteur ; Luis A. ROHDE, Auteur . - p.345-365. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-3 (March 2015) . - p.345-365 Mots-clés : Mental disorders  anxiety disorders  depressive disorders  ADHD  disruptive behavior disorders  children  prevalence  epidemiology  meta-analysis  cross-cultural Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The literature on the prevalence of mental disorders affecting children and adolescents has expanded significantly over the last three decades around the world. Despite the field having matured significantly, there has been no meta-analysis to calculate a worldwide-pooled prevalence and to empirically assess the sources of heterogeneity of estimates. Methods We conducted a systematic review of the literature searching in PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE for prevalence studies of mental disorders investigating probabilistic community samples of children and adolescents with standardized assessments methods that derive diagnoses according to the DSM or ICD. Meta-analytical techniques were used to estimate the prevalence rates of any mental disorder and individual diagnostic groups. A meta-regression analysis was performed to estimate the effect of population and sample characteristics, study methods, assessment procedures, and case definition in determining the heterogeneity of estimates. Results We included 41 studies conducted in 27 countries from every world region. The worldwide-pooled prevalence of mental disorders was 13.4% (CI 95% 11.3–15.9). The worldwide prevalence of any anxiety disorder was 6.5% (CI 95% 4.7–9.1), any depressive disorder was 2.6% (CI 95% 1.7–3.9), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder was 3.4% (CI 95% 2.6–4.5), and any disruptive disorder was 5.7% (CI 95% 4.0–8.1). Significant heterogeneity was detected for all pooled estimates. The multivariate metaregression analyses indicated that sample representativeness, sample frame, and diagnostic interview were significant moderators of prevalence estimates. Estimates did not vary as a function of geographic location of studies and year of data collection. The multivariate model explained 88.89% of prevalence heterogeneity, but residual heterogeneity was still significant. Additional meta-analysis detected significant pooled difference in prevalence rates according to requirement of funcional impairment for the diagnosis of mental disorders. Conclusions Our findings suggest that mental disorders affect a significant number of children and adolescents worldwide. The pooled prevalence estimates and the identification of sources of heterogeneity have important implications to service, training, and research planning around the world. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12381 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Association between irritability and bias in attention orienting to threat in children and adolescents / Giovanni A. SALUM in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-5 (May 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-5 (May 2017) . - p.595-602 Titre : Association between irritability and bias in attention orienting to threat in children and adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Giovanni A. SALUM, Auteur ; Karin MOGG, Auteur ; Brendan P. BRADLEY, Auteur ; Argyris STRINGARIS, Auteur ; Ary GADELHA, Auteur ; Pedro M. PAN, Auteur ; Luis A. ROHDE, Auteur ; Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur ; Gisele G. MANFRO, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.595-602 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Irritability  anger  attention  bias  cognition  emotion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Irritability, a frequent complaint in children with psychiatric disorders, reflects increased predisposition to anger. Preliminary work in pediatric clinical samples links irritability to attention bias to threat, and the current study examines this association in a large population-based sample. Methods We studied 1,872 children (ages 6–14) using the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA), Childhood Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and dot-probe tasks. Irritability was defined using CBCL items that assessed temper tantrums and hot temper. The dot-probe task assessed attention biases for threat-related (angry face) stimuli. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess specificity of associations to irritability when adjusting for demographic variables and co-occurring psychiatric traits. Propensity score matching analysis was used to increase causal inference when matching for demographic variables and co-occurring psychiatric traits. Results Irritability was associated with increased attention bias toward threat-related cues. Multiple regression analysis suggests associations between irritability and threat bias are independent from demographic variables, anxiety, and externalizing traits (attention-deficit/hyperactivity, conduct, and headstrong/hurtful), but not from broad internalizing symptoms. Propensity score matching analysis indicated that this association was found for irritable versus nonirritable groups matched on demographic and co-occurring traits including internalizing symptoms. Conclusions Irritability in children is associated with biased attention toward threatening information. This finding, if replicated, warrants further investigation to examine the extent to which it contributes to chronic irritability and to explore possible treatment implications. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12659 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=306 [article] Association between irritability and bias in attention orienting to threat in children and adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Giovanni A. SALUM, Auteur ; Karin MOGG, Auteur ; Brendan P. BRADLEY, Auteur ; Argyris STRINGARIS, Auteur ; Ary GADELHA, Auteur ; Pedro M. PAN, Auteur ; Luis A. ROHDE, Auteur ; Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur ; Gisele G. MANFRO, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur . - p.595-602. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-5 (May 2017) . - p.595-602 Mots-clés : Irritability  anger  attention  bias  cognition  emotion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Irritability, a frequent complaint in children with psychiatric disorders, reflects increased predisposition to anger. Preliminary work in pediatric clinical samples links irritability to attention bias to threat, and the current study examines this association in a large population-based sample. Methods We studied 1,872 children (ages 6–14) using the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA), Childhood Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and dot-probe tasks. Irritability was defined using CBCL items that assessed temper tantrums and hot temper. The dot-probe task assessed attention biases for threat-related (angry face) stimuli. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess specificity of associations to irritability when adjusting for demographic variables and co-occurring psychiatric traits. Propensity score matching analysis was used to increase causal inference when matching for demographic variables and co-occurring psychiatric traits. Results Irritability was associated with increased attention bias toward threat-related cues. Multiple regression analysis suggests associations between irritability and threat bias are independent from demographic variables, anxiety, and externalizing traits (attention-deficit/hyperactivity, conduct, and headstrong/hurtful), but not from broad internalizing symptoms. Propensity score matching analysis indicated that this association was found for irritable versus nonirritable groups matched on demographic and co-occurring traits including internalizing symptoms. Conclusions Irritability in children is associated with biased attention toward threatening information. This finding, if replicated, warrants further investigation to examine the extent to which it contributes to chronic irritability and to explore possible treatment implications. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12659 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=306

Associations between ADHD and emotional problems from childhood to young adulthood: a longitudinal genetically sensitive study / Adi STERN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-11 (November 2020) . - p.1234-1242 Titre : Associations between ADHD and emotional problems from childhood to young adulthood: a longitudinal genetically sensitive study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Adi STERN, Auteur ; Jessica AGNEW-BLAIS, Auteur ; Andrea DANESE, Auteur ; Helen L. FISHER, Auteur ; Timothy MATTHEWS, Auteur ; Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur ; Jasmin WERTZ, Auteur ; Louise ARSENEAULT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1234-1242 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder  anxiety  depression  development  genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with emotional problems, and their co-occurrence often leads to worse outcomes. We investigated the developmental associations between ADHD and emotional problems from childhood to early adolescence and examined the genetic and environmental contributions to their developmental link. We further tested whether this developmental association remained across the transition to young adulthood. METHODS: We used data from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a cohort of 2,232 British twins. In childhood, ADHD and emotional problems were assessed at ages 5, 7, 10 and 12 with mothers' and teachers' reports. At age 18, we used self-reported symptoms according to DSM-5 criteria for ADHD, and DSM-IV for anxiety and depression. RESULTS: Longitudinal analyses showed that earlier ADHD was associated with later emotional problems consistently across childhood. However, earlier emotional problems were not associated with later ADHD symptoms. The developmental association between ADHD and later emotional problems in childhood was entirely explained by common genetic factors. Consistent with results in childhood, earlier symptoms of ADHD were associated with later emotional problems during the transition to young adulthood. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that ADHD symptoms are predictors of the development of emotional problems, from childhood up to young adulthood, through shared genetic influences. Interventions targeting ADHD symptoms might prevent the development of emotional problems. Clinicians treating youth with ADHD must be aware of their risk for developing emotional problems and ought to assess, monitor and treat emotional problems alongside ADHD symptoms from childhood to adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13217 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=434 [article] Associations between ADHD and emotional problems from childhood to young adulthood: a longitudinal genetically sensitive study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Adi STERN, Auteur ; Jessica AGNEW-BLAIS, Auteur ; Andrea DANESE, Auteur ; Helen L. FISHER, Auteur ; Timothy MATTHEWS, Auteur ; Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur ; Jasmin WERTZ, Auteur ; Louise ARSENEAULT, Auteur . - p.1234-1242. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-11 (November 2020) . - p.1234-1242 Mots-clés : Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder  anxiety  depression  development  genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with emotional problems, and their co-occurrence often leads to worse outcomes. We investigated the developmental associations between ADHD and emotional problems from childhood to early adolescence and examined the genetic and environmental contributions to their developmental link. We further tested whether this developmental association remained across the transition to young adulthood. METHODS: We used data from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a cohort of 2,232 British twins. In childhood, ADHD and emotional problems were assessed at ages 5, 7, 10 and 12 with mothers' and teachers' reports. At age 18, we used self-reported symptoms according to DSM-5 criteria for ADHD, and DSM-IV for anxiety and depression. RESULTS: Longitudinal analyses showed that earlier ADHD was associated with later emotional problems consistently across childhood. However, earlier emotional problems were not associated with later ADHD symptoms. The developmental association between ADHD and later emotional problems in childhood was entirely explained by common genetic factors. Consistent with results in childhood, earlier symptoms of ADHD were associated with later emotional problems during the transition to young adulthood. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that ADHD symptoms are predictors of the development of emotional problems, from childhood up to young adulthood, through shared genetic influences. Interventions targeting ADHD symptoms might prevent the development of emotional problems. Clinicians treating youth with ADHD must be aware of their risk for developing emotional problems and ought to assess, monitor and treat emotional problems alongside ADHD symptoms from childhood to adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13217 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=434

Commentary: ADHD lifetime trajectories and the relevance of the developmental perspective to Psychiatry: reflections on Asherson and Agnew-Blais, (2019) / Guilherme V. POLANCZYK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-4 (April 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-4 (April 2019) . - p.353-355 Titre : Commentary: ADHD lifetime trajectories and the relevance of the developmental perspective to Psychiatry: reflections on Asherson and Agnew-Blais, (2019) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur ; C. CASELLA, Auteur ; Sara R. JAFFEE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.353-355 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Asherson and Agnew-Blais review evidence from prospective, longitudinal studies in Brazil, New Zealand, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States showing that ADHD can emerge for the first time in adolescence or young adulthood. These findings defy conventional wisdom specifying that ADHD is, by definition, a disorder that emerges in childhood. We discuss possible explanations for the late-onset of ADHD, including the removal in adolescence or young adulthood of features of a young person's environment that played a buffering role against the emergence of symptoms and heterotypic continuity in a general liability to psychopathology that is present from childhood. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13050 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=388 [article] Commentary: ADHD lifetime trajectories and the relevance of the developmental perspective to Psychiatry: reflections on Asherson and Agnew-Blais, (2019) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur ; C. CASELLA, Auteur ; Sara R. JAFFEE, Auteur . - p.353-355. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-4 (April 2019) . - p.353-355 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Asherson and Agnew-Blais review evidence from prospective, longitudinal studies in Brazil, New Zealand, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States showing that ADHD can emerge for the first time in adolescence or young adulthood. These findings defy conventional wisdom specifying that ADHD is, by definition, a disorder that emerges in childhood. We discuss possible explanations for the late-onset of ADHD, including the removal in adolescence or young adulthood of features of a young person's environment that played a buffering role against the emergence of symptoms and heterotypic continuity in a general liability to psychopathology that is present from childhood. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13050 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=388

Gene–environment interaction in externalizing problems among adolescents: evidence from the Pelotas 1993 Birth Cohort Study / Christian KIELING in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-3 (March 2013)  

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Heterotypic trajectories of dimensional psychopathology across the lifespan: the case of youth-onset attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder / A. G. MANFRO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-5 (May 2019)  

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Mother's and children's ADHD genetic risk, household chaos and children's ADHD symptoms: A gene-environment correlation study / Jessica AGNEW-BLAIS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-10 (October 2022)  

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Research Review: Epidemiological modelling of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 / Holly E. ERSKINE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-12 (December 2013)  

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The global burden of conduct disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in 2010 / Holly E. ERSKINE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-4 (April 2014)  

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