Age of onset and the subclassification of conduct/dissocial disorder / Judy SILBERG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-7 (July 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-7 (July 2015) . - p.826-833 Titre : Age of onset and the subclassification of conduct/dissocial disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Judy SILBERG, Auteur ; Ashlee A. MOORE, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.826-833 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Age of onset  conduct disorder  persistence into adult life Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Conduct Disorder (CD) is a markedly heterogeneous psychiatric condition. Moffitt (1993) proposed that subclassification of CD should be according to age of onset. Our goals were to compare childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD in terms of differences in phenotypic risk factors, genetic analyses, and factors associated with the persistence of antisocial behavior into young adulthood. Methods The data are from the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development (VTSABD) and Young Adult Follow-Up (YAFU). Childhood-onset CD was defined as CD beginning at or before age 11. Adolescent-onset CD was defined as having CD onset between ages 14 and 17. These subgroups were compared on ADHD, young adult antisocial behavior (ASB), family dysfunction, and parental depression. Genetic analyses compare childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD, as well as their cooccurrence with ADHD and ASB. Finally, predictors of persistence were examined. Results Childhood-onset CD was significantly associated with ADHD, ASB, family dysfunction, and parental depression. Adolescent-onset CD was marginally associated with parental depression (p = .05) but not with any of the other risk factors. Univariate genetic models showed that both childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD involve a large genetic liability accounting for 62% and 65% of the variance, respectively. A common genetic factor (as well as an ADHD-specific factor) accounted for the cooccurrence of childhood-onset CD and ADHD. The cooccurrence of childhood-onset CD and ASB are reflected by a common genetic factor with genetic specific effects on ASB. There was no etiological link between adolescent-onset CD and either ADHD or ASB. Both ADHD and family dysfunction were significantly associated with the persistence of antisocial behavior into young adulthood. Conclusions Phenotypic findings differentiated between childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD. ADHD and family dysfunction predicted persistence of antisocial behavior into young adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12353 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Age of onset and the subclassification of conduct/dissocial disorder [texte imprimé] / Judy SILBERG, Auteur ; Ashlee A. MOORE, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur . - p.826-833. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-7 (July 2015) . - p.826-833 Mots-clés : Age of onset  conduct disorder  persistence into adult life Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Conduct Disorder (CD) is a markedly heterogeneous psychiatric condition. Moffitt (1993) proposed that subclassification of CD should be according to age of onset. Our goals were to compare childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD in terms of differences in phenotypic risk factors, genetic analyses, and factors associated with the persistence of antisocial behavior into young adulthood. Methods The data are from the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development (VTSABD) and Young Adult Follow-Up (YAFU). Childhood-onset CD was defined as CD beginning at or before age 11. Adolescent-onset CD was defined as having CD onset between ages 14 and 17. These subgroups were compared on ADHD, young adult antisocial behavior (ASB), family dysfunction, and parental depression. Genetic analyses compare childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD, as well as their cooccurrence with ADHD and ASB. Finally, predictors of persistence were examined. Results Childhood-onset CD was significantly associated with ADHD, ASB, family dysfunction, and parental depression. Adolescent-onset CD was marginally associated with parental depression (p = .05) but not with any of the other risk factors. Univariate genetic models showed that both childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD involve a large genetic liability accounting for 62% and 65% of the variance, respectively. A common genetic factor (as well as an ADHD-specific factor) accounted for the cooccurrence of childhood-onset CD and ADHD. The cooccurrence of childhood-onset CD and ASB are reflected by a common genetic factor with genetic specific effects on ASB. There was no etiological link between adolescent-onset CD and either ADHD or ASB. Both ADHD and family dysfunction were significantly associated with the persistence of antisocial behavior into young adulthood. Conclusions Phenotypic findings differentiated between childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD. ADHD and family dysfunction predicted persistence of antisocial behavior into young adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12353 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Dispositional threat sensitivity as a liability for fear-related pathologies: Evidence from a child-aged twin sample / Chelsea K. SAWYERS in Development and Psychopathology, 37-5 (December 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 37-5 (December 2025) . - p.2661-2671 Titre : Dispositional threat sensitivity as a liability for fear-related pathologies: Evidence from a child-aged twin sample Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Chelsea K. SAWYERS, Auteur ; Ashlee A. MOORE, Auteur ; Christopher J. PATRICK, Auteur ; James R. YANCEY, Auteur ; Melissa A. BROTMAN, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Roxann ROBERSON-NAY, Auteur ; Mark D. KRAMER, Auteur ; John M. HETTEMA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2661-2671 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anxiety disorders  development  fear  threat sensitivity  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Threat sensitivity, an individual difference construct reflecting variation in responsiveness to threats of various types, predicts physiological reactivity to aversive stimuli and shares heritable variance with anxiety disorders in adults. However, no research has been conducted yet with youth to examine the heritability of threat sensitivity or evaluate the role of genetic versus environmental influences in its relations with mental health problems. The current study addressed this gap by evaluating the psychometric properties of a measure of this construct, the 20-item Trait Fear scale (TF-20), and examining its phenotypic and genotypic correlations with different forms of psychopathology in a sample of 346 twin pairs (121 monozygotic), aged 9-14 years. Analyses revealed high internal consistency and test-retest reliability for the TF-20. Evidence was also found for its convergent and discriminant validity in terms of phenotypic and genotypic correlations with measures of fear-related psychopathology. By contrast, the TF-20’s associations with depressive conditions were largely attributable to environmental influences. Extending prior work with adults, current study findings provide support for threat sensitivity as a genetically-influenced liability for phobic fear disorders in youth. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579425000380 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=572 [article] Dispositional threat sensitivity as a liability for fear-related pathologies: Evidence from a child-aged twin sample [texte imprimé] / Chelsea K. SAWYERS, Auteur ; Ashlee A. MOORE, Auteur ; Christopher J. PATRICK, Auteur ; James R. YANCEY, Auteur ; Melissa A. BROTMAN, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Roxann ROBERSON-NAY, Auteur ; Mark D. KRAMER, Auteur ; John M. HETTEMA, Auteur . - p.2661-2671. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 37-5 (December 2025) . - p.2661-2671 Mots-clés : anxiety disorders  development  fear  threat sensitivity  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Threat sensitivity, an individual difference construct reflecting variation in responsiveness to threats of various types, predicts physiological reactivity to aversive stimuli and shares heritable variance with anxiety disorders in adults. However, no research has been conducted yet with youth to examine the heritability of threat sensitivity or evaluate the role of genetic versus environmental influences in its relations with mental health problems. The current study addressed this gap by evaluating the psychometric properties of a measure of this construct, the 20-item Trait Fear scale (TF-20), and examining its phenotypic and genotypic correlations with different forms of psychopathology in a sample of 346 twin pairs (121 monozygotic), aged 9-14 years. Analyses revealed high internal consistency and test-retest reliability for the TF-20. Evidence was also found for its convergent and discriminant validity in terms of phenotypic and genotypic correlations with measures of fear-related psychopathology. By contrast, the TF-20’s associations with depressive conditions were largely attributable to environmental influences. Extending prior work with adults, current study findings provide support for threat sensitivity as a genetically-influenced liability for phobic fear disorders in youth. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579425000380 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=572

Genetic underpinnings of callous-unemotional traits and emotion recognition in children, adolescents, and emerging adults / Ashlee A. MOORE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-6 (June 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-6 (June 2019) . - p.638-645 Titre : Genetic underpinnings of callous-unemotional traits and emotion recognition in children, adolescents, and emerging adults Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ashlee A. MOORE, Auteur ; Lance M. RAPPAPORT, Auteur ; James R. BLAIR, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Melissa A. BROTMAN, Auteur ; John M. HETTEMA, Auteur ; Roxann ROBERSON-NAY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.638-645 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional traits  emotion recognition  genetics  psychopathy  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Callous-Unemotional (CU) and psychopathic traits are consistently associated with impaired recognition of others' emotions, specifically fear and sadness. However, no studies have examined whether the association between CU traits and emotion recognition deficits is due primarily to genetic or environmental factors. METHODS: The current study used data from 607 Caucasian twin pairs (N = 1,214 twins) to examine the phenotypic and genetic relationship between the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) and facial emotion recognition assessed via the laboratory-based Facial Expression Labeling Task (FELT). RESULTS: The uncaring/callous dimension of the ICU was significantly associated with impaired recognition of happiness, sadness, fear, surprise, and disgust. The unemotional ICU dimension was significantly associated with improved recognition of surprise and disgust. Total ICU score was significantly associated with impaired recognition of sadness. Significant genetic correlations were found for uncaring/callous traits and distress cue recognition (i.e. fear and sadness). The observed relationship between uncaring/callous traits and deficits in distress cue recognition was accounted for entirely by shared genetic influences. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study replicate previous findings demonstrating impaired emotion recognition among youth with elevated CU traits. We extend these findings by replicating them in an epidemiological sample not selected or enriched for pathological levels of CU traits. Furthermore, the current study is the first to investigate the genetic and environmental etiology of CU traits and emotion recognition, and results suggest genetic influences underlie the specific relationship between uncaring/callous traits and distress cue (fear/sadness) recognition in others. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13018 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=397 [article] Genetic underpinnings of callous-unemotional traits and emotion recognition in children, adolescents, and emerging adults [texte imprimé] / Ashlee A. MOORE, Auteur ; Lance M. RAPPAPORT, Auteur ; James R. BLAIR, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Melissa A. BROTMAN, Auteur ; John M. HETTEMA, Auteur ; Roxann ROBERSON-NAY, Auteur . - p.638-645. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-6 (June 2019) . - p.638-645 Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional traits  emotion recognition  genetics  psychopathy  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Callous-Unemotional (CU) and psychopathic traits are consistently associated with impaired recognition of others' emotions, specifically fear and sadness. However, no studies have examined whether the association between CU traits and emotion recognition deficits is due primarily to genetic or environmental factors. METHODS: The current study used data from 607 Caucasian twin pairs (N = 1,214 twins) to examine the phenotypic and genetic relationship between the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) and facial emotion recognition assessed via the laboratory-based Facial Expression Labeling Task (FELT). RESULTS: The uncaring/callous dimension of the ICU was significantly associated with impaired recognition of happiness, sadness, fear, surprise, and disgust. The unemotional ICU dimension was significantly associated with improved recognition of surprise and disgust. Total ICU score was significantly associated with impaired recognition of sadness. Significant genetic correlations were found for uncaring/callous traits and distress cue recognition (i.e. fear and sadness). The observed relationship between uncaring/callous traits and deficits in distress cue recognition was accounted for entirely by shared genetic influences. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study replicate previous findings demonstrating impaired emotion recognition among youth with elevated CU traits. We extend these findings by replicating them in an epidemiological sample not selected or enriched for pathological levels of CU traits. Furthermore, the current study is the first to investigate the genetic and environmental etiology of CU traits and emotion recognition, and results suggest genetic influences underlie the specific relationship between uncaring/callous traits and distress cue (fear/sadness) recognition in others. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13018 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=397

Heritability, stability, and prevalence of tonic and phasic irritability as indicators of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder / Ashlee A. MOORE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-9 (September 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-9 (September 2019) . - p.1032-1041 Titre : Heritability, stability, and prevalence of tonic and phasic irritability as indicators of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ashlee A. MOORE, Auteur ; Dana M. LAPATO, Auteur ; Melissa A. BROTMAN, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Steven H. AGGEN, Auteur ; John M. HETTEMA, Auteur ; Timothy P. YORK, Auteur ; Judy L. SILBERG, Auteur ; Roxann ROBERSON-NAY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1032-1041 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Disruptive behavior  emotional dysregulation  heritability  mood disorder  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Little is known about genetic and environmental influences on the components of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), tonic irritability (i.e., irritable mood) and phasic irritability (i.e., temper outbursts). This study examined prevalence, stability, and heritability of tonic irritability, phasic irritability, and a DMDD proxy (pDMDD) based on DSM-5 criteria. METHODS: pDMDD was derived using data from clinical interviews of parents and their twins (N = 1,431 twin pairs), ages 8-17, participating in Waves 1 and 2 of the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development. Biometrical modeling was used to compare a common pathway model (CPM) and an independent pathway model (IPM), and heritability estimates were obtained for pDMDD using the symptoms of irritable mood (tonic irritability; DMDD Criterion D), intense temper outbursts (phasic irritability; DMDD Criterion A), and frequent temper outbursts (phasic irritability; DMDD Criterion C). RESULTS: Lifetime prevalence of pDMDD was 7.46%. The stability of DMDD symptoms and the pDMDD phenotype across approximately one year were moderate (.30-.69). A CPM was a better fit to the data than an IPM. Phasic irritability loaded strongly onto the pDMDD latent factor (.89-.96) whereas tonic irritability did not (.28). Genetic influences accounted for approximately 59% of the variance in the latent pDMDD phenotype, with the remaining 41% of the variance due to unique environmental effects. The heritability of tonic irritability (54%) was slightly lower than that of frequent and intense temper (components of phasic irritability; 61% and 63%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to tonic irritability, phasic irritability appears to be slightly more stable and heritable, as well as a stronger indicator of the latent factor. Furthermore, environmental experiences appear to play a substantial role in the development of irritability and DMDD, and researchers should seek to elucidate these mechanisms in future work. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13062 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Heritability, stability, and prevalence of tonic and phasic irritability as indicators of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder [texte imprimé] / Ashlee A. MOORE, Auteur ; Dana M. LAPATO, Auteur ; Melissa A. BROTMAN, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Steven H. AGGEN, Auteur ; John M. HETTEMA, Auteur ; Timothy P. YORK, Auteur ; Judy L. SILBERG, Auteur ; Roxann ROBERSON-NAY, Auteur . - p.1032-1041. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-9 (September 2019) . - p.1032-1041 Mots-clés : Disruptive behavior  emotional dysregulation  heritability  mood disorder  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Little is known about genetic and environmental influences on the components of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), tonic irritability (i.e., irritable mood) and phasic irritability (i.e., temper outbursts). This study examined prevalence, stability, and heritability of tonic irritability, phasic irritability, and a DMDD proxy (pDMDD) based on DSM-5 criteria. METHODS: pDMDD was derived using data from clinical interviews of parents and their twins (N = 1,431 twin pairs), ages 8-17, participating in Waves 1 and 2 of the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development. Biometrical modeling was used to compare a common pathway model (CPM) and an independent pathway model (IPM), and heritability estimates were obtained for pDMDD using the symptoms of irritable mood (tonic irritability; DMDD Criterion D), intense temper outbursts (phasic irritability; DMDD Criterion A), and frequent temper outbursts (phasic irritability; DMDD Criterion C). RESULTS: Lifetime prevalence of pDMDD was 7.46%. The stability of DMDD symptoms and the pDMDD phenotype across approximately one year were moderate (.30-.69). A CPM was a better fit to the data than an IPM. Phasic irritability loaded strongly onto the pDMDD latent factor (.89-.96) whereas tonic irritability did not (.28). Genetic influences accounted for approximately 59% of the variance in the latent pDMDD phenotype, with the remaining 41% of the variance due to unique environmental effects. The heritability of tonic irritability (54%) was slightly lower than that of frequent and intense temper (components of phasic irritability; 61% and 63%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to tonic irritability, phasic irritability appears to be slightly more stable and heritable, as well as a stronger indicator of the latent factor. Furthermore, environmental experiences appear to play a substantial role in the development of irritability and DMDD, and researchers should seek to elucidate these mechanisms in future work. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13062 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

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