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29 recherche sur le mot-clé 'Callous-unemotional traits'




Callous-unemotional traits and fearlessness: A cardiovascular psychophysiological perspective in two adolescent samples using virtual reality / Nicholas D. THOMSON in Development and Psychopathology, 32-3 (August 2020)
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Titre : Callous-unemotional traits and fearlessness: A cardiovascular psychophysiological perspective in two adolescent samples using virtual reality Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nicholas D. THOMSON, Auteur ; Steven M. GILLESPIE, Auteur ; Luna C. M. CENTIFANTI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.803-815 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional traits fearlessness pre-ejection period respiratory sinus arrhythmia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There has been a longstanding debate about the link between callous-unemotional traits and fearlessness. However, biological evidence for a relationship in adolescents is lacking. Using two adolescent samples, we measured emotional reactivity and cardiac measures of sympathetic (pre-ejection period) and parasympathetic (respiratory sinus arrhythmia) reactivity during 3D TV and virtual reality fear induction. Study 1 included 62 community adolescents from a stratified sample. Study 2 included 60 adolescents from Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties schools. Results were consistent across both studies. Adolescents with high callous-unemotional traits showed coactivation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Consistent with these results, youths with callous-unemotional traits self-reported that they felt more in control after the fear induction. Thus, in both samples, youth with callous-unemotional traits displayed a physiological and emotional profile suggesting they maintained control during fear induction. Therefore, it is proposed here that a shift in thinking of youth with callous-unemotional traits as fearless to youth with callous-unemotional traits are better able to manage fearful situations, may be more appropriate. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419001196 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429
in Development and Psychopathology > 32-3 (August 2020) . - p.803-815[article] Callous-unemotional traits and fearlessness: A cardiovascular psychophysiological perspective in two adolescent samples using virtual reality [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nicholas D. THOMSON, Auteur ; Steven M. GILLESPIE, Auteur ; Luna C. M. CENTIFANTI, Auteur . - p.803-815.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 32-3 (August 2020) . - p.803-815
Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional traits fearlessness pre-ejection period respiratory sinus arrhythmia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There has been a longstanding debate about the link between callous-unemotional traits and fearlessness. However, biological evidence for a relationship in adolescents is lacking. Using two adolescent samples, we measured emotional reactivity and cardiac measures of sympathetic (pre-ejection period) and parasympathetic (respiratory sinus arrhythmia) reactivity during 3D TV and virtual reality fear induction. Study 1 included 62 community adolescents from a stratified sample. Study 2 included 60 adolescents from Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties schools. Results were consistent across both studies. Adolescents with high callous-unemotional traits showed coactivation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Consistent with these results, youths with callous-unemotional traits self-reported that they felt more in control after the fear induction. Thus, in both samples, youth with callous-unemotional traits displayed a physiological and emotional profile suggesting they maintained control during fear induction. Therefore, it is proposed here that a shift in thinking of youth with callous-unemotional traits as fearless to youth with callous-unemotional traits are better able to manage fearful situations, may be more appropriate. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419001196 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429 Callous-unemotional traits and impulsivity: distinct longitudinal relations with mind-mindedness and understanding of others / Luna C. M. CENTIFANTI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)
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Titre : Callous-unemotional traits and impulsivity: distinct longitudinal relations with mind-mindedness and understanding of others Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Luna C. M. CENTIFANTI, Auteur ; Elizabeth MEINS, Auteur ; Charles FERNYHOUGH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.84-92 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Emotion understanding callous-unemotional traits theory of mind mind-mindedness longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Problems in understanding other people's mental states may relate to distinct personality traits that are associated with early externalizing behavior. A distinction between theory of mind (ToM) and empathy has proven important in shedding light on the problems in understanding other minds encountered by children high on callous-unemotional (CU) traits and exhibiting impulsivity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether children's early ToM and emotion understanding abilities predicted CU traits and impulsivity at age 10. A further aim was to explore whether the quality of the parent–child relationship very early in the development indirectly or directly predicted the children's CU traits and impulsivity. Method We examined whether ToM and empathy skills might differentially relate to personality traits associated with externalizing behaviors (i.e., impulsivity and CU traits). We examined these relations over time in a longitudinal cohort of 96 boys and girls using follow-back analyses, incorporating measures of maternal mind-mindedness (appropriate mind-related talk) to examine the possible role of parent–child interaction quality. Results Appropriate mind-related talk indirectly predicted CU traits (at age 10 years) via its effect on children's emotion understanding. ToM predicted impulsive/irresponsible traits, but ceased to be significant when controlling for externalizing behaviors. Conclusion The present findings demonstrate that parents who remark appropriately on their infant's mental states may help the child to understand emotions and may mold an empathic understanding of others, thereby preventing CU traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12445 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.84-92[article] Callous-unemotional traits and impulsivity: distinct longitudinal relations with mind-mindedness and understanding of others [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Luna C. M. CENTIFANTI, Auteur ; Elizabeth MEINS, Auteur ; Charles FERNYHOUGH, Auteur . - p.84-92.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.84-92
Mots-clés : Emotion understanding callous-unemotional traits theory of mind mind-mindedness longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Problems in understanding other people's mental states may relate to distinct personality traits that are associated with early externalizing behavior. A distinction between theory of mind (ToM) and empathy has proven important in shedding light on the problems in understanding other minds encountered by children high on callous-unemotional (CU) traits and exhibiting impulsivity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether children's early ToM and emotion understanding abilities predicted CU traits and impulsivity at age 10. A further aim was to explore whether the quality of the parent–child relationship very early in the development indirectly or directly predicted the children's CU traits and impulsivity. Method We examined whether ToM and empathy skills might differentially relate to personality traits associated with externalizing behaviors (i.e., impulsivity and CU traits). We examined these relations over time in a longitudinal cohort of 96 boys and girls using follow-back analyses, incorporating measures of maternal mind-mindedness (appropriate mind-related talk) to examine the possible role of parent–child interaction quality. Results Appropriate mind-related talk indirectly predicted CU traits (at age 10 years) via its effect on children's emotion understanding. ToM predicted impulsive/irresponsible traits, but ceased to be significant when controlling for externalizing behaviors. Conclusion The present findings demonstrate that parents who remark appropriately on their infant's mental states may help the child to understand emotions and may mold an empathic understanding of others, thereby preventing CU traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12445 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 Callous-unemotional traits in children and mechanisms of impaired eye contact during expressions of love: a treatment target? / Mark R. DADDS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-7 (July 2014)
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Titre : Callous-unemotional traits in children and mechanisms of impaired eye contact during expressions of love: a treatment target? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mark R. DADDS, Auteur ; Jennifer L. ALLEN, Auteur ; Kimberley MCGREGOR, Auteur ; Matthew WOOLGAR, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Stephen SCOTT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.771-780 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Psychopathy callous-unemotional traits eye contact empathy attachment parenting Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background We previously hypothesised that the early development of psychopathy is associated with a failure to attend to the eyes of attachment figures, and we have presented preliminary data from a parent–child ‘love’ scenario in support of this. Here, we confirm the association in a larger sample and test mechanisms of impaired eye contact during expressions of love in control and behaviourally disturbed children. Methods Oppositional defiant disorder children, assessed for callous-unemotional (CU) traits, and controls, were observed in a brief interaction task where the mother was asked to show love to her child. Eye contact and affection were measured for each dyad. Results As predicted, there were no group differences in affection and eye contact expressed by mothers; levels of CU traits predicted low levels of eye contact towards their mothers across all groups of children. As expected, low eye contact was correlated with psychopathic fearlessness in their fathers, and maternal reports of negative feelings towards the child. Independent observations showed that child's behaviour largely drives the low eye contact associated with CU traits, and low eye contact was not associated with independent observations of the quality of attachment-related behaviours in mothers. Conclusions Impaired eye contact is a unique characteristic of children with CU traits; these impairments are largely independent of maternal behaviour, but associated with psychopathic traits in the fathers. These impairments should be tested for functional significance and amenability to change in longitudinal and treatment studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12155 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=235
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-7 (July 2014) . - p.771-780[article] Callous-unemotional traits in children and mechanisms of impaired eye contact during expressions of love: a treatment target? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mark R. DADDS, Auteur ; Jennifer L. ALLEN, Auteur ; Kimberley MCGREGOR, Auteur ; Matthew WOOLGAR, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Stephen SCOTT, Auteur . - p.771-780.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-7 (July 2014) . - p.771-780
Mots-clés : Psychopathy callous-unemotional traits eye contact empathy attachment parenting Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background We previously hypothesised that the early development of psychopathy is associated with a failure to attend to the eyes of attachment figures, and we have presented preliminary data from a parent–child ‘love’ scenario in support of this. Here, we confirm the association in a larger sample and test mechanisms of impaired eye contact during expressions of love in control and behaviourally disturbed children. Methods Oppositional defiant disorder children, assessed for callous-unemotional (CU) traits, and controls, were observed in a brief interaction task where the mother was asked to show love to her child. Eye contact and affection were measured for each dyad. Results As predicted, there were no group differences in affection and eye contact expressed by mothers; levels of CU traits predicted low levels of eye contact towards their mothers across all groups of children. As expected, low eye contact was correlated with psychopathic fearlessness in their fathers, and maternal reports of negative feelings towards the child. Independent observations showed that child's behaviour largely drives the low eye contact associated with CU traits, and low eye contact was not associated with independent observations of the quality of attachment-related behaviours in mothers. Conclusions Impaired eye contact is a unique characteristic of children with CU traits; these impairments are largely independent of maternal behaviour, but associated with psychopathic traits in the fathers. These impairments should be tested for functional significance and amenability to change in longitudinal and treatment studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12155 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=235 Callous-unemotional traits in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD): replication of prevalence estimates and associations with gaze patterns when viewing fearful faces / Virginia CARTER LENO in Development and Psychopathology, 33-4 (October 2021)
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Titre : Callous-unemotional traits in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD): replication of prevalence estimates and associations with gaze patterns when viewing fearful faces Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Virginia CARTER LENO, Auteur ; Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; Susie CHANDLER, Auteur ; Pippa WHITE, Auteur ; Isabel YORKE, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1220-1228 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism callous-unemotional traits conduct problems fear recognition QUEST Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research suggests an increased prevalence of callous-unemotional (CU) traits in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and a similar impairment in fear recognition to that reported in non-ASD populations. However, past work has used measures not specifically designed to measure CU traits and has not examined whether decreased attention to the eyes reported in non-ASD populations is also present in individuals with ASD. The current paper uses a measure specifically designed to measure CU traits to estimate prevalence in a large community-based ASD sample. Parents of 189 adolescents with ASD completed questionnaires assessing CU traits, and emotional and behavioral problems. A subset of participants completed a novel emotion recognition task (n = 46). Accuracy, reaction time, total looking time, and number of fixations to the eyes and mouth were measured. Twenty-two percent of youth with ASD scored above a cut-off expected to identify the top 6% of CU scores. CU traits were associated with longer reaction times to identify fear and fewer fixations to the eyes relative to the mouth during the viewing of fearful faces. No associations were found with accuracy or total looking time. Results suggest the mechanisms that underpin CU traits may be similar between ASD and non-ASD populations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579420000449 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457
in Development and Psychopathology > 33-4 (October 2021) . - p.1220-1228[article] Callous-unemotional traits in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD): replication of prevalence estimates and associations with gaze patterns when viewing fearful faces [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Virginia CARTER LENO, Auteur ; Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; Susie CHANDLER, Auteur ; Pippa WHITE, Auteur ; Isabel YORKE, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur . - p.1220-1228.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 33-4 (October 2021) . - p.1220-1228
Mots-clés : autism callous-unemotional traits conduct problems fear recognition QUEST Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research suggests an increased prevalence of callous-unemotional (CU) traits in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and a similar impairment in fear recognition to that reported in non-ASD populations. However, past work has used measures not specifically designed to measure CU traits and has not examined whether decreased attention to the eyes reported in non-ASD populations is also present in individuals with ASD. The current paper uses a measure specifically designed to measure CU traits to estimate prevalence in a large community-based ASD sample. Parents of 189 adolescents with ASD completed questionnaires assessing CU traits, and emotional and behavioral problems. A subset of participants completed a novel emotion recognition task (n = 46). Accuracy, reaction time, total looking time, and number of fixations to the eyes and mouth were measured. Twenty-two percent of youth with ASD scored above a cut-off expected to identify the top 6% of CU scores. CU traits were associated with longer reaction times to identify fear and fewer fixations to the eyes relative to the mouth during the viewing of fearful faces. No associations were found with accuracy or total looking time. Results suggest the mechanisms that underpin CU traits may be similar between ASD and non-ASD populations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579420000449 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457 Annual Research Review: A developmental psychopathology approach to understanding callous-unemotional traits in children and adolescents with serious conduct problems / Paul J. FRICK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-6 (June 2014)
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Titre : Annual Research Review: A developmental psychopathology approach to understanding callous-unemotional traits in children and adolescents with serious conduct problems Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Paul J. FRICK, Auteur ; James V. RAY, Auteur ; Laura C. THORNTON, Auteur ; Rachel E. KAHN, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p.532-548 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional traits developmental psychopathology conscience empathy guilt stability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent research has suggested that the presence of significant levels of callous-unemotional (CU) traits designates a clinically important and etiologically distinct subgroup of children and adolescents with serious conduct problems. Based on this research, CU traits have been included in the most recent revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – 5th Edition (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) – as a specifier for the diagnosis of conduct disorder. In this review, we attempt to understand CU traits within a developmental psychopathological framework. Specifically, we summarize research on the normal development of the prosocial emotions of empathy and guilt (i.e., conscience) and we illustrate how the development of CU traits can be viewed as the normal development of conscience gone awry. Furthermore, we review research on the stability of CU traits across different developmental periods and highlight factors that can influence this stability. Finally, we highlight the implications of this developmental psychopathological framework for future etiological research, for assessment and diagnostic classification, and for treatment of children with serious conduct problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12152 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=233
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-6 (June 2014) . - p.532-548[article] Annual Research Review: A developmental psychopathology approach to understanding callous-unemotional traits in children and adolescents with serious conduct problems [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Paul J. FRICK, Auteur ; James V. RAY, Auteur ; Laura C. THORNTON, Auteur ; Rachel E. KAHN, Auteur . - 2014 . - p.532-548.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-6 (June 2014) . - p.532-548
Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional traits developmental psychopathology conscience empathy guilt stability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent research has suggested that the presence of significant levels of callous-unemotional (CU) traits designates a clinically important and etiologically distinct subgroup of children and adolescents with serious conduct problems. Based on this research, CU traits have been included in the most recent revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – 5th Edition (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) – as a specifier for the diagnosis of conduct disorder. In this review, we attempt to understand CU traits within a developmental psychopathological framework. Specifically, we summarize research on the normal development of the prosocial emotions of empathy and guilt (i.e., conscience) and we illustrate how the development of CU traits can be viewed as the normal development of conscience gone awry. Furthermore, we review research on the stability of CU traits across different developmental periods and highlight factors that can influence this stability. Finally, we highlight the implications of this developmental psychopathological framework for future etiological research, for assessment and diagnostic classification, and for treatment of children with serious conduct problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12152 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=233 Can reciprocated parent-child eye gaze and emotional engagement enhance treatment for children with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits: a proof-of-concept trial / Mark R. DADDS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-6 (June 2019)
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PermalinkChildren's callous-unemotional traits moderate links between their positive relationships with parents at preschool age and externalizing behavior problems at early school age / Grazyna KOCHANSKA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-11 (November 2013)
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PermalinkCommentary: Implications for future research on the genetic and environmental causes of callous-unemotional traits - a commentary on Takahashi et al (2020) / Paul J. FRICK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)
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PermalinkCommentary: Integrating callous and unemotional traits into the definition of antisocial behaviour – a commentary on Frick et al. (2014) / Richard ROWE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-6 (June 2014)
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PermalinkDisentangling the relationship between callous-unemotional traits and unsupportive parenting through a developmental lens / Vanessa T. CAO in Development and Psychopathology, 36-3 (August 2024)
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